“Highest/Supreme Decision” issued by Emperor Francis (‘Franz’) [Austrian Empire; Present-day Austria, Croatia, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Slovenia, Switzerland]: “[…] The number of Jewish families in Vienna may not increase and new toleration[-permits] may only be issued after special consideration for provisionally obtained wholesale-permits. Those Jews who wish to obtain such toleration[-permits] for wholesaling must possess not only the necessary characteristics (requirements) to run such a business, but must also show to be of great service to the state.[…]” [Researcher’s note: An almost identical order was issued on December 23, 1822, by the Austrian Royal Chancellery.]
Handelsbuch der Handelsgesetze und des bei Anwendung derselben bei den Mercantil-Gerichten eintretenden Verfahrens, mit besonderer Rücksicht auf das Erzherzogthum Oesterreich unter der Enns. Von Christian Johann Paurnfeindt, wirklichen k. k. Rath und Referenten bei dem niederösterr. Mercantil- und Wechselgerichte; (Wien; 1836); (Trade book of commercial laws and its procedural application to the commercial/trade courts, with special consideration of the Archduchy of Austria under the Enns. By Christian Johann Paurnfeindt, real/true r[oyal] i[mperial] advisor and referent at the Lower Austrian commercial/trade and exchange court); (Vienna; 1836); Researched and Translated by Ziba Shadjaani 9/16/2018