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394 results found.

ca. 1940

Prague [Czech Republic] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “The enrolment of Jewish pupils in schools where Czech is language of instruction was forbidden from the beginning of the school year 1940/41 in public as well as non-Jewish private schools.”
“Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council,” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015

Individual Link

Aug. 9, 1940

Law signed by King Caroll II regarding the status of Jews in Romania. [Romania]: “All the civil and political rights of the Jews are abolished (…) Jews cannot possess land, be military career and enter the service of the State (…) Jews cannot be civil servants (…) are excluded boards of directors (…) and are forbidden to trade in rural communities.” [Researcher’s note: This law is heavily inspired by the racial laws of Nuremberg]
La disparition des Juifs de Roumanie. Matei Cazacu. Matériaux pour l’histoire de notre temps  Année 2003  71  pp. 49-61 (The disappearance of the Jews of Romania. Matei Cazacu. Materials for the history of our time Year 2003 71 pp. 49-61); Researched and Translated by Cristina Penland 5/27/2019
Individual Link

ca. 1940

“Anti-Semitic Laws” [Romania] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “AntiJewish racist Laws are passed in Romania.”
“The Holocaust: Timeline of Jewish Persecution (1932 – 1945);” jewishvirtuallibrary.org

Individual Link

ca. 1940

Prague [Czech Republic] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “The rules as to separate rooms were abolished and Jews were admitted only to Jewish enterprises.”
“Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council,” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015

Individual Link

ca. 1940

Warsaw [Poland] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “Jewish peddlers and merchants may not purchase goods in neighboring villages.”
“The Warsaw Ghetto: Anti-Semitic Decrees Against the Jews of Warsaw;” American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise; jewishvirtuallibrary.org

Individual Link

ca. 1940

Law issued by Vichy government [Vichy France] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “On August 27, 1940, the Vichy government annulled a decree of April 21, 1939, that punished slander and libel ‘toward a group of people who belonged by origin to a particular religion,’ thus providing a ‘legal’ basis for its subsequent anti-Jewish legislation.”
Dawidowicz, Lucy S.: “The War Against the Jews: 1933-1945.” Online book (1975) p. 436

Individual Link

ca. 1940

Warsaw [Poland] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “Jews may not buy a German book.”
“The Warsaw Ghetto: Anti-Semitic Decrees Against the Jews of Warsaw;” American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise; jewishvirtuallibrary.org

Individual Link

ca. 1940

Law issued in occupied Luxembourg [Germany / Occupied Luxembourg] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “About a month after the installation of the civil administration under Gauleiter Simon, on the 5 September 1940, the infamous Nuremberg Laws were introduced in Luxembourg; at the same time the Jews were exploited as forced labourers.”
Webb, Chris: “The Destruction of the Jews of Luxembourg.” holocaustresearchproject.org

2)“The Nuremberg Laws were introduced in Luxembourg on September 5, 1940, followed by several other anti-Jewish ordinances. In practice, however, Jews were encouraged to leave the country. From August 8, 1940, until the Germans forbade emigration on October 15, 1941, more than 2,500 Jews left Luxembourg, mostly for the unoccupied zone of France.”
“Holocaust Encyclopedia: Luxembourg.” United States Holocaust Memorial Museum; ushmm.org

Individual Link

ca. 1940

Warsaw [Poland] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “Pilsudski Square is renamed Hitler Square and is off-limits to Jews.”
“The Warsaw Ghetto: Anti-Semitic Decrees Against the Jews of Warsaw;” American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise; jewishvirtuallibrary.org

Individual Link

ca. 1940

Prague [Czech Republic] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “Jews forbidden to enter hotels, a notice to that effect to be displayed.”
“Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council,” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015

Individual Link

ca. 1940

Prague [Czech Republic] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “Travel on electric trams limited to last carriage. If carriage has two compartments then use is limited to last part. If tramcar consists of one carriage only, then entry by Jews is completely prohibited.”
“Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council,” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015

Individual Link

ca. 1940

Prague [Czech Republic] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “Following the announcement of the Ministry of Finance of 16.09.40 Jews are required to declare to the Ministry any gold, platinum and silver, also precious stones and pearls in their possession between 15.09.40 to 15.10.40. The same applies to any item of jewellery and work of art and to art collections worth in excess of k 10,000.”
“Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council,” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015

Individual Link

Sept. 17, 1940

Decree concerning the Treatment of the Property of Citizens of the Former Polish State [Germany / Occupied Poland]: “By virtue of the decree concerning the execution of the Four-Year Plan…it is decreed as follows for the territory of the Greater German Reich, including the incorporated Eastern Territories: Section 2. (1) Sequestration shall be ordered in connection with the property of: a) Jews b) Persons who have fled or are not merely temporarily absent. (2) Sequestration may be ordered: a) If the property is required for the public welfare, particularly in the interest of Reich defense or the strengthening of Germanism…”
Lemkin, Raphael: “Axis Rule in Occupied Europe: Laws of Occupation, Analysis of Government, Proposals for Redress.” pp. 506-512
Individual Link

ca. 1940

Warsaw [Poland] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “Jewish doctors may not treat Polish patients and Polish doctors may not treat Jewish patients.”
“The Warsaw Ghetto: Anti-Semitic Decrees Against the Jews of Warsaw;” American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise; jewishvirtuallibrary.org

Individual Link

Sept. 23, 1940

Law – 23 September 1940-XVIII, n. 1459 Additions to the Law of 13 July, 1939, n. 1055, containing provisions on testamentary as well as on the regulation of surnames, against persons belonging to the Jewish race [Italy]: ” … Articles 3 and 4 of the Law of 13 July, 1939, n. 1055, containing provisions on testamentary, as well as on the regulation of surnames, against persons belonging to the Jewish race, are replaced by the following:  Art. 3 – ‘Italian citizens, born jew father and mother does not belong to the Jewish race, that ‘Under Article. 8, last paragraph, of the Royal Decree-Law of 17 November 1938-XVII, n. 1728, converted the Law of 5 January, 1939, n. 274, are not considered Jewish race, they can get to replace, their surname, that original mother, except what is art. 158, last paragraph of the decree R. July 9, 1939-XVII, no. 1238, on the organization of civil status. In the event that the original surname of the mother falls within the hypothesis set out in the said Article. 158, last paragraph of the Royal Decree of July 9, 1939-XVII, no. 1238, interested parties can get to change their surname with nothing between these hypotheses.’ … Victor Emmanuel Mussolini – Large – The Revel” [Editor’s note: Google translated from Italian on 8/2015.]
The Anti-Jewish Laws of Fascist Italy,” CDEC, Foundation Center of Contemporary Jewish Documentation, Accessed online 8/26/2015

Individual Link

ca. 1940

Warsaw [Poland] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “Jews may only ride in trolleys bearing the Star of David.”
“The Warsaw Ghetto: Anti-Semitic Decrees Against the Jews of Warsaw;” American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise; jewishvirtuallibrary.org

Individual Link

Sept. 27, 1940

Order concerning Measures against the Jews, September 27, 1940, in Occupied France [Germany / Occupied France]: “By Virtue of the authority vested in me by the Fuhrer and Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces, I hereby order as follows: Section 1. In the occupied territory any person will be considered a Jew who is or has been a member of the Jewish faith or who has more than two Jewish grandparents. Grandparents are to be considered as Jewish if they are or have been members of the Jewish faith. Section 2. Jews who have fled from the occupied territory are forbidden to return to the same. Section 3. Not later than October 20, 1940, every Jew shall be required to apply to the Subprefect (Sous-prefet) of the district (arrondissement) in which he has his residence or usually lives, for registration in the Register of Jews. …Section 4. Any business, that is, any enterprise conducted for purposes of profit, whose owner or lessees are Jews, must be designated as a Jewish business in the German and French languages. Section 5. The residents of the Jewish religious communities shall be required to submit, on request, to the French authorities, any evidentiary documents which may be material to the enforcement of this order. Section 6. Violations of this order will be punishable by imprisonment and/or fine. In addition, forfeiture of the property of the violator may be ordered. Section 7. This order shall take effect as of the day of publication. On behalf of the Supreme Commander of the Army: The Chief of the Military Administration in France.”
Lemkin, Raphael: “Axis Rule in Occupied Europe: Laws of Occupation, Analysis of Government, Proposals for Redress.” p. 395
Individual Link

Sept. 28, 1940

Law – 28 September 1940-XVIII, n. 1403 Repeal of the state contribution in favor of the Hebrew kindergartens covered by the law July 30, 1896, n. 343 [Italy]: ” … Art. 1 The annual contribution of L. 11,500 payable to kindergartens Hebrew under Article. 11 of Law 30 July 1896, n. 343, cease with effect from 1 July 1938-XVI. … Victor Emmanuel Mussolini – The Revel” [Editor’s note: Google translated from Italian on 8/2015.]
The Anti-Jewish Laws of Fascist Italy,CDEC, Foundation Center of Contemporary Jewish Documentation, Accessed online 8/26/2015

Individual Link

ca. 1940

Law issued by Government General of Poland [Germany / Occupied Poland] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “Later, in October, 1940, the Jews in Poland were compelled to live in ghettos, leaving the ghetto without permission being punishable by death.” The administration of Jewish affairs in the ghettos was entrusted to Jewish councils, which are responsible to the German authorities for the carrying out of demands made by the latter upon the Jewish population.”
Lemkin, Raphael: “Axis Rule in Occupied Europe: Laws of Occupation, Analysis of Government, Proposals for Redress.” p. 71

Individual Link

ca. 1940

“Professional Limits on Jews” [Norway] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “German authorities forbid Norwegian Jews to teach and participate in other professions.”
“The Holocaust: Timeline of Jewish Persecution (1932 – 1945);” jewishvirtuallibrary.org

Individual Link

Oct. 3, 1940

“Law on the Status of Jews” issued by Chief of State of Vichy France Philippe Petain [Vichy France]: “Article 1. – Is regarded as Jewish, for the purposes of this Act, any person after three grandparents of Jewish race or two grandparents of the same race, if their spouse is Jewish himself. Art. 2. – Access to and exercise of public functions and tasks outlined below are prohibited to the Jews: 1. Head of State, member of the Government, …2. Agents within the Department of Foreign Affairs, Secretaries of departments, …officials from all grades attached to all police departments. 3. General residents, …governors and secretaries general of the colonies, …4. Members of teaching staff. 5. Officers of the army, navy and air. 6. Directors, general secretaries in companies receiving concessions or grants from a public authority, the appointment to positions in Government enterprises of general interest. Art. 3. – Access to and exercise all public functions other than those listed in Article 2 are open to Jews only if they can rely on one of the following conditions: a) Hold the veteran’s card 1914-1918 or have been cited during the 1914-1918 campaign, b) have been summoned to the agenda during the campaign 1939-1940; c) To be awarded the Legion of Honor …Art. 4. – Access and the liberal professions, …the functions delegated to officers and all officers of the court are permitted to the Jews, unless the regulations of public administration have fixed for them a specified proportion. In this case, the same regulations determine the conditions under which will be the elimination of redundant Jews. Art. 5. – Jews may not, …perform any of the following professions: Managerial, editors of newspapers, magazines, periodicals or agencies, except for strictly scientific publications. Directors, …managers companies whose purpose is the manufacture, printing, distribution, exhibition of motion pictures, stage directors …managers of all business relating to broadcasting. …Art. 7. – The Jewish officials referred to in Articles 2 and 3 shall cease to hold office within two months after the enactment of this Act. …Done at Vichy, October 3, 1940. Ph. Petain…” [Editor’s note: Original webpage is in French, Google translation was used on 5/31/2012 to change text to English.]
“Loi portant statut des juifs.” No author, Accessed online 5/31/2012

Individual Link

Oct. 4, 1940

“An Act relating to aliens of Jewish race” issued by Chief of State of Vichy France Philippe Petain [Vichy France]: “We, Marshal of France, French head of state, The Cabinet heard, Decree: Article 1. – Foreign citizens of Jewish race may at the date of enactment of this Act, be interned in special camps by decision of the prefect of the department of residence. Art. 2. – It is made…with the secretary of state within a committee of the organization and administration of these camps. This fee includes: An Inspector General Administrative Services, the Police Director Planning and foreigners, or his representative; A representative of the Ministry of Finance. Art. 3. – Foreign citizens of Jewish race may at any time be assigned to assigned residence by the prefect of their residence. Art. 4. – This Decree shall be published in the Official Gazette to be seen as state law. Done at Vichy, October 4, 1940. Ph. PETAIN…” [Editor’s note: Original webpage is in French, Google translation was used on 5/31/2012 to change text to English.]
“Loi sur les ressortissants etrangers de race juive.” No author, Accessed online 5/31/2012

Individual Link

Oct. 5, 1940

Statutory Decree issued by Prime Minister Antonescu [Romania]: “Under Antonescu…the statutory decree of October 5, 1940, defined Jews as ‘all those both of whose parents, or only one of them, [were Jewish], regardless of whether they or their parents were baptized…whether they are Romanian citizens, or whether they have their residence within the territory of our country.’”
“1. The Legal Status of the Jews in Romania; Fascist Anti-Semitic Legislation.” No author, Accessed online article 8/30/2011

Individual Link

Oct. 7, 1940

Decree signed by Philippe Pétain [Occupied Vichy, France/Algeria]: “We Marshal of France, French Head of State, the Council of Ministers heard, decree: Article 1: – The decree of the Government of the National Defense of 24 October 1870 is repealed in that it regulates the political rights of the native Jews of the departments of Algeria and declares them French citizens.” (…) [Researcher’s note: This decree abolished the previous law of October 24, 1870, titled the Crémieux Decree, which previously granted French citizenship to Jews in Algeria.]
“Memoire et Traditions des Juifs en Algerie” (“Memory and Traditions of Jews in Algeria.”) Annex N ° 10: Departmental Center of Information of Oran. Intelligence bulletin. Oran October 9, 1940. Researched and Translated by Cristina Penland 5/30/2019
 
Individual Link

Oct. 9, 1940

Regulation on the Limitation of Schooling of Persons of Jewish Origin issued by the Yugoslav Government [Yugoslavia; Present-day Croatia, Serbia]: “Article I: At universities, high schools with the rank of universities, higher, middle, normal, and other vocational schools may be enrolled only a fixed number of pupils of Jewish origin. This number will be determined in such a way that they will be a proportion to the number of other pupils of this school in that ratio in which citizens of Jewish origin are to be found in proportion to the number of other citizens. […]”
Global Jewish Advocacy: Anti-Semitism: An Assault on Human Rights; Accessed online; Researched by Ziba Shadjaani 11/4/2016
Individual Link

ca. 1940

Warsaw [Poland] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “Jews must step off the sidewalk upon seeing a uniformed or civilian German.”
“The Warsaw Ghetto: Anti-Semitic Decrees Against the Jews of Warsaw;” American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise; jewishvirtuallibrary.org

Individual Link

ca. 1940

“Establishment of the Warsaw Ghetto” [Poland] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “Nazi’s order the establishment of the Warsaw Ghetto.”
“The Holocaust: Timeline of Jewish Persecution (1932 – 1945);” jewishvirtuallibrary.org

Individual Link

ca. 1940

Order issued by Chief of Military Administration [Germany / Occupied France] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “By an order of the Chief of Military Administration in France of October 18, 1940, Jewish property had to be declared and, it if was of some value, especially if it was real property, it could be put under the administration of trustees appointed by the occupant, which practically amounts to confiscation since the owner is not entitled to any allowances from property thus administered.”
Lemkin, Raphael: “Axis Rule in Occupied Europe: Laws of Occupation, Analysis of Government, Proposals for Redress.” p. 76

2) “On 18 October  [1940] a new decree ordered the registration of all Jewish concerns, and on 12 December ‘Aryan’ commisars in charge of them, were appointed.”
Vale, Robert: “Civil Affairs Handbook, France, Section 2A.” scribd.com; p. 62

Individual Link

ca. 1940

“Jewish Business Regulation” [Germany / Occupied Netherlands] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “Jewish businesses in occupied Netherlands must be registered.”
“The Holocaust: Timeline of Jewish Persecution (1932 – 1945);” jewishvirtuallibrary.org

Individual Link

ca. 1940

“Ban on Issuance of Exit Visas to Jews” [Poland] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “A German directive issued from Krakow, Poland, prohibits issuance of exit visas to Polish Jews.”
“The Holocaust: Timeline of Jewish Persecution (1932 – 1945);” jewishvirtuallibrary.org

Individual Link

ca. 1940

“Regulations Regarding Jews” [Belgium] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “German occupiers in Belgium pass antisemitic legislations, including an edict that requires Jews to register their property.”
“The Holocaust: Timeline of Jewish Persecution (1932 – 1945);” jewishvirtuallibrary.org

Individual Link

ca. 1940

Warsaw [Poland] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “A monthly tax of five zlotys is imposed on Jews using trolleys.”
“The Warsaw Ghetto: Anti-Semitic Decrees Against the Jews of Warsaw;” American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise; jewishvirtuallibrary.org

Individual Link

ca. 1940

Prague [Czech Republic] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “Following an announcement by the Ministry of Finance of 15.11.40, published on 18.11.40, Jews are obliged to declare their investment and savings accounts by 31.12.40 for the purpose of seizure.”
“Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council,” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015

Individual Link

Nov. 18, 1940

Prohibition Order for Jewish Credit Unions issued by the Bank Supervisory Body for Overseeing Credit Unions [Germany / Occupied Poland ]: “Article 1 – […] Business operations of all Jewish cooperative banks, that have no special permit from me, are prohibited with immediate effect. 18 November 1940- The Representative of the Bank Supervisory Body for Overseeing the Credit Unions, Platenik.”
Yad Vashem Archives, the Weichert Collection, file no. 1, page 72. Accessed on 2/1/2016, Translated by Franziska Wagener
Individual Link

ca. 1940

Warsaw [Poland] [Unconfirmed]
 
Commentary from other sources:
1) “All Jewish property found outside the ghetto walls is confiscated.”
“The Warsaw Ghetto: Anti-Semitic Decrees Against the Jews of Warsaw;” American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise; jewishvirtuallibrary.org
Individual Link

Dec. 4, 1940

Decree No. 3984 issued by Prime Minister Ion Antonescu [Romania]: “I. Decree-Law Relative To The Status Of Military Evreilor5 Article 1. Jews, …Decree-Law of August 9, 1940, regarding the legal status of the Hebrew people in Romania, …are excluded from military service. They are obliged to pay the fees settled by military law, …Article 2. Are also required, to pay military taxes and Jews who, because of physical, would be found unfit for military service, according to article. 25 of the law on military recruitment, and those excluded from military service, …Article 8. Concentrations during prolonged mobilization or war, Jews can be used in military or labor service of public interest. Professionals with degrees (doctors, pharmacists, veterinarians, engineers, architects, etc..) Will be used, according to their specialty or training, as requisitioned and paid a per diem that is fixed by ministerial decision. …Article 10. Jews are excluded also from pre-military training, being forced instead to pay during the three years (from 18 years to 21 years) the fee provided for in law premilitary the Hebrew military taxes. …Article 14. Jews in the territory of enterprises provided for mobilization can be requisitioned for work is exempt work of public interest, …During requisition for work, they will continue to pay taxes under the law on military taxes Hebrew…Given in Bucharest on December 4, 1940. Head of the Romanian State and President of the Council of Ministers, General Ion Antonescu, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Justice, G. Michael A. Antonescu Cretzianu Secretary of State to Ministry of National Defense army, C. General Pantazi No. 3984…” [Editor’s note: Original webpage is in Romanian, Google translate was used on 8/8/2012 to change text to English.]
“Legi rasiale in regimul Ion Antonescu. Munca Obsteasca obligatory Arhivele Sfera Politicii.” [Laws racial regime of Ion Antonescu. Policy Scope Archives obligatory public organization work] Alexandru Florian, Accessed online 8/8/2012
Individual Link

ca. 1940

Prague [Czech Republic] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “Jews are forbidden to enter the produce market in Prague II on market days and neither the surrounding streets.”
“Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council,” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015

Individual Link

ca. 1940

Prague [Czech Republic] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “The following regulations of 10 September regulate the trade of Jewish dental technicians. The right to practice by Jews as dental  technicians  is extinguished 30 days from the publication of the announcement (date of announcement 11 December 1940). Jews can be admitted as dental technicians but must not number more than 2% of the total  of admitted dental technicians. The practice of their trade is restricted to Jews. They are obliged to display the sign ‘Jewish dental technicians’.”

“Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council,” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015

Individual Link

ca. 1941

Law issued by Prime Minister Ion Antonescu [Romania] [Provisional]: “General Staff Division II of the Presidency of the Council of Ministers (Cabinet of Military) I have the honor to make known: By employing Jews to work for universal use, they can make contact with people in our villages, where they try to make Communist propaganda or – corruption – to get certain benefits, or to infect them with diseases. …It is therefore read as follows: …that Romanian Jews to live in houses, – the Jews accommodation will be done outside the towns. To this end will build huts or barracks immediately. …General Staff General, N. Mazan Head of Section II of Lt. Colonel, R. Dinulescu VI. Copy N. 37 721 1941 months XI on 13.”
“Legi rasiale in regimul Ion Antonescu. Munca Obsteasca obligatory Arhivele Sfera Politicii.” [Laws racial regime of Ion Antonescu. Policy Scope Archives obligatory public organization work] Alexandru Florian, Accessed online 8/8/2012
Individual Link

ca. 1941

Prague [Czech Republic] [Unconfirmed]
Commentary from other sources:
1) “Except for Jewish lawyers, doctors and midwives, hospitals and Jewish community offices, Jews are excluded from being telephone subscribers.”
“Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council,” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
Individual Link

Jan. 10, 1941

Decree by the Reich Commissioner for the occupied territories of the Netherlands issued by Commissioner Seyss-Inquart [Germany / Occupied Netherlands]: “…concerning the obligation to register persons who are entirely or partly of Jewish race. By virtue of article 5 of the Fuehrer’s decree dated 18 May 1940 (RGBl-page 77) …Article 1 Persons who are entirely or partly of Jewish race and who are residing in the occupied territories of the Netherlands are to be registered in accordance with the following regulations. Article 2 (1)  In this decree a person is considered to be entirely or partly of Jewish race if he is descended from even one grandparent of full Jewish blood. (2)  A grandparent is automatically considered as being fully Jewish if he belongs or has belonged to the Jewish religious community. …(2)  The registered person has to pay the registration authorities the fee of one Gulden in advance to cover the issue of the registration certificate. If the person is unable to pay this fee the local Jewish community to which he belongs is compelled to pay the fee.  …The Hague, 10th January 1941 The Reichs commissioner for the occupied territories in the Netherlands. Seyss-Inquart.”
“Official Gazette for the Occupied Dutch Territories, Year 1941,” Nizkor.org; Accessed online 9/6/2012
Individual Link

ca. 1941

Prague [Czech Republic] [Unconfirmed]
 
Commentary from other sources:
1) “Jews are excluded from the purchase of apples.”
“Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council,” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
Individual Link

Jan. 23, 1941

“Law for the Protection of the Nation” issued by Bulgarian Government [Bulgaria]: “Law to Protect the Nation – Decree 3 We Boris III …meeting held on 24 dekemvriy 1940, voted and adopted. …Art. 18. Incumbent of this Act persons of Khazar origin that have the differently names in certain documents satisfying the name on the birth certificate are required within three months to submit a copy of the birth certificate in which to correct the name in the papers and documents referred to in the preceding article. For those born before 1893 must be submitted birth certificate by the Jewish community. Bulgaria-born persons of Khazar origin received Bulgarian citizenship by naturalization must provide a birth certificate in the municipality. …Art. 23. After the entry of this Act into force, any person of Jewish origin can not be established a new residence without the permission of the Police Directorate. …Chapter IV. For property to persons from the Khazar origin …Art. 26. …within one month the entry of this Act into force, all persons of Jewish origin who have property in the kingdom, are required to declare assets …Art. 27. …Within 6 months of the entry of this Act into force such rights of persons of Jewish origin should be liquidated or transferred to persons of Bulgarian origin and Bulgarian nationals or companies with Bulgarian capital. …Art. 47. Persons who directly or indirectly evade or help to conceal or transfer to foreign nationals, foreigners or companies with predominantly foreign capital property belonging to persons of Jewish origin or subject to recall this law to meet civil case of public assistance , jointly and severally, the amount of the highest value, which they had to hide or expropriated property after tax or alienation. …Report to His Majesty the King.” [Editor’s note: Google translated on 12/2013.]
Worldreader.blog, Accessed online 12/17/2013

Individual Link

ca. 1941

“Registration of Jews” [Poland] [Unconfirmed]
 
Commentary from other sources:
1) “Poles caught selling food to Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto are automatically sentenced to three years of hard labor. The daily bread ration for Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto is reduced to three ounces a day.”
The Holocaust: Timeline of Jewish Persecution (1932 – 1945);” jewishvirtuallibrary.org
Individual Link

ca. 1941

Prague [Czech Republic] [Unconfirmed]
 
Commentary from other sources:
1) “Jews are excluded from the practice of fishing and from all related activities whether as owners of fishing rights or assistants.”
“Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council,” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
Individual Link

ca. 1941

Prague [Czech Republic] [Unconfirmed]
 
Commentary from other sources:
1) “The limited shopping period for Jews also applies to Aryans who shop for Jews. This limitation does not apply to chemists. Later the shopping period for Jews in Prague was fixed at between 15:00 and 17:00 hrs. which also applied to chemists.”
“Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council,” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
Individual Link

ca. 1941

Prague [Czech Republic] [Unconfirmed]
 
Commentary from other sources:
1) “The shopping period for coal by Jews was limited to between 15:00and 17:00 hrs.”
“Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council,” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
Individual Link

ca. 1941

Decree law No. 504” issued by Ion Antonescu [Romania] [Unconfirmed]
 
Commentary from other sources:
1) “The same motivation was used to prohibit Jews from hiring Romanian servants.”
“The Exclusion of Jews from Romanian Society During the Antonescu Governments With and Without the Iron Guard: Antisemitic legislation, Romanianization, and Expropriation.” (November 11, 2004) ushmm.org; pp. 4-5
Individual Link

Mar. 18, 1941

“Decree law No. 711” issued by Ion Antonescu [Romania]: “Decrees-Laws Ministry Of Training, Education, Religious Denominations And Arts General Ion Antonescu, Leader of the Romanian State and President of the Council of Ministers, …Decree-Law on the amendment of Article 44 of the Law on the general regime of  religious denominations …Sole Article – The following paragraph will be added in the end of Article 44 of the Law on the general regime of religious denominations of April 22, 1928: ‘The provisions of this article will not apply to members of the Judaic religion.’ … No. 711. …Pursuant to the provisions of the Decrees-Laws no. 3.052 of September 5, 1940 and 3.072 of September 7, 1940, we hereby have the honor to submit to your approval and signature the attached Decree-Law amending Article 44 of the Law on the general regime of religious denominations of April 22, 1928. …In order to prevent these infiltrations into our national community, it is necessary to amend the wording of Article 44 of the Law on the general regime of religious denominations, in the sense that Jews of Judaic faith cannot switch to any other religious denomination. …Minister of Training, Education, Religious Denominations and Arts. General Radu Rosetti …No. 13.568.”
“Monitorul Oficial,” Kingdom Of Romania Official Gazette, Mar. 21, 1941 Courtesy Special Collections Department, The National Library of Romania, 6/23/2014
Individual Link

ca. 1941

“Expropriation of Jewish Real Estate Properties” [Romania] [Unconfirmed]
Commentary from other sources:
1) “… yet another decree legalized the expropriation of Jewish real estate.”
“Shattered! 50 Years of Silence: History and Voices of the Tragedy in Romania and Transnistria: Anti-Jewish Decrees;” nizkor.org
Individual Link

Mar. 29, 1941

Act of March 29, 1941 issued by Vichy Regime [Vichy France]: “It is created for the entire national territory a General Commissariat for Jewish Questions: It: 1. Prepares and proposes to all Head of State legislation on the state of the Jews. 2. Fix the date of the liquidation of Jewish property. 3. Directors means the escrow. 4. The Commissioner-General is appointed by the Minister of State for the vice presidency.” [Editor’s note: Original webpage is in French, Google translation was used on 7/26/2012 to change text to English.]
“Lois pour la création du Commissariat Général aux Questions Juives [Laws for the creation of the General Commissariat for Jewish Questions].” No author. May 12, 2007, Accessed online 7/26/2011

Individual Link

ca. 1941

Prague [Czech Republic] [Unconfirmed]
Commentary from other sources:
1) “Jews are prohibited from managing industrial undertakings of the following kind: a) Wholesale and retail on own or outside account, b)   Restaurant and catering trade, c) Insurance brokerage, d) Shipping, e) Removal and storage, f) Travel agency, g) Tourist guide, h) Transport and haulage business including hire of lorries and haulage vans, i) Banking and money exchange, j) Pawn broking, k) Information and collection agency, l) Security services, m) Vending machine installation, n) Advertising agency, o) Estate and mortgage agency, p) Professional employment agency, q) Marriage bureau”
“Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council,” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
Individual Link

Apr. 1, 1941

Law issued by Prime Minister Ion Antonescu [Romania]: “II. Decree-Law of 1 April 1941…to increase military taxes HEBREW Art unique. – Fixed military duties, provided by art. 4 of Decree-Law no. 132, published in Official Gazette no. 17 of 21 January 1941, be increased and are as follows: 1. For Jews in age from 18-21, Military fixed fee is set at 7,000 lei annually. 2. For Jews in age from 21-24 years, fixed fee is set at 6,000 lei annually. 3. For Jews in age from 24-41 years, fixed fee is set at 4,000 lei annually. 4. For Jews in age from 41-50 years to establish an annual fixed fee of 1,000 lei. military charges fixed above shall be determined and collected with effect from 1 April 1941, particularly military proportionate fees under Art. 4 of Decree-law No. Given in Bucharest on March 30, 1941. Head of the Romanian State and Council of Ministers President, General Ion Antonescu Minister of Finance, Minister of Justice, Brigadier General N. Stoenescu Const. C. Stoicescu Nr.882. MO, no. 78 of April 1, 1941.”
“Legi rasiale in regimul Ion Antonescu. Munca Obsteasca obligatory Arhivele Sfera Politicii.” [ Laws racial regime of Ion Antonescu. Policy Scope Archives obligatory public organization work] Alexandru Florian, Accessed online 8/8/2012
Individual Link

ca. 1941

“Pro-Nazi Government”issued by Rashid Ali al-Gaylani [Iraq] [Unconfirmed]
 
Commentary from other sources:
1) “Rashid Ali al-Gaylani establishes a pro-Nazi government in Iraq.”
“The Holocaust: Timeline of Jewish Persecution (1932 – 1945);” jewishvirtuallibrary.org
Individual Link

ca. 1941

Prague [Czech Republic] [Unconfirmed]
 
Commentary from other sources:
1) “Jews are prohibited from playing the lottery.”
“Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council,” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
Individual Link

Apr. 16, 1941

Law issued by Third Reich in occupied territory [Germany / Occupied Yugoslavia]: “All Jews must register with the city police on April 19 by 8:00am. Jews who fail to comply with this mandatory registration will be shot.”
“1941: Mass Murder.” No author. Page 227. Online book, Accessed on 8/30/2012
Individual Link

Apr. 26, 1941

Third Order concerning Measures against the Jews issued by the Chief of Military Administration [Germany / Occupied France]: “Article 1 – A Jew is anyone who descends from at least three grandparents of pure Jewish race. A grandparent is of pure Jewish race when he or she belonged to the Jewish religious community. […] Article 3 I. – Jews and Jewish businesses, for which a provisional administrator is not appointed, are prohibited to work in the subsequent industries with effect from 20 May 1941: a) wholesale and retail, b) catering and hotel, c) insurance […]. II. After 20 May 1941 no Jews are allowed to work as senior staff or as employees who have contact with customers […].”
Les juifs sous l’occupation / recueil de textes officiels français et allemands 1940-1944, ed. by the association F.F.D.J.F, 1982, page 42f. Translated by Franziska Wagener.
Individual Link

ca. 1941

Law issued by Croatian government [Croatia] [Unconfirmed]
 
Commentary from other sources:
1) “April 30, 1941: Racial legislation enacted at Zagreb, Croatia, by the pro-German government removes Jews from public office.”
“1941: Mass Murder.” Online book; p. 226
Individual Link

ca. 1941

Prague [Czech Republic] [Unconfirmed]
 
Commentary from other sources:
1) “Following an announcement by the Ministry of Finance Jews were encouraged to deposit their stamp or other collections in their name with a foreign exchange bank, at the latest by 15.03.41. A stamp collection is not only a collection for the purpose of philately but also a stock of stamps. The announcement does not apply to Jews of foreign nationality or to those non-Jews married to a Jewish spouse in a mixed marriage.”
“Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council,” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
Individual Link

May 12, 1941

“Decree/Instruction” (‘Verfügung’) of the Cologne Gestapo Control Center (‘Gestpoleitstelle’) [Present-day Germany]: “[…] Those Jews, who still live in Aryan houses, are to vacate these by June 1, 1941. These Jews are to be placed into Jewish houses. Villas and structurally protruding buildings that are still owned by Jews, are also to be vacated. […]”
Aus der Geschichte der jüdischen Gemeinden im deutschen Sprachraum; Köln/Rhein (Nordrhein-Westfalen); (From the history of Jewish communities in German speaking territories: Cologne/Rhine (North-Rhine/Westphalia)); Accessed Online; Researched and Translated by Ziba Shadjaani 8/11//2019
Individual Link

May 19, 1941

“Act of May 19, 1941” issued by Vichy Regime [Vichy France]: “The Commissioner General for Jewish Questions can cause against Jews all police measures ordered by national interest.” [Editor’s note: Original webpage is in French, Google translation was used on 7/26/2012 to change text to English.]
“Lois pour la création du Commissariat Général aux Questions Juives [Laws for the creation of the General Commissariat for Jewish Questions].” No author. May 12, 2007, Accessed online 7/26/2011

Individual Link

ca. 1941

“Anti-Jewish Laws” [Germany / Occupied France] [Unconfirmed]
 
Commentary from other sources:
1) “Jews in France are prohibited from the wholesale and retail trade; nor can they own banks, hotels, or restaurants.”
2) “The Central Office of Emigration in Berlin notifies all German consulates that Hermann Göring has banned emigration of Jews from France and all other occupied territories.”

“The Holocaust: Timeline of Jewish Persecution (1932 – 1945);” jewishvirtuallibrary.org

Individual Link

May 21, 1941

Order concerning the Operation of Cabarets and Vaudeville Houses [Serbia]: “By virtue of the authority vested in me by the Commander In Chief of the Army, I order as follows: Section 1. Cabarets, vaudeville houses, and similar places of entertainment shall not be operated unless permission of the Military Commander in Serbia shall have been obtained…Jews and gypsies or persons married to Jews or gypsies shall not be admitted to the operation of enterprises mentioned in Section 1…The applications shall contain the following data: i. First and family name, date and place of birth, and residence of the applicant. 2. A written affirmation by the applicant that neither he nor his wife is a Jew or gypsy. 3. Place of business. 4…5.The name of the person owning or in possession of the enterprise; in the case of a lease, the name of the lessor and the amount of the stipulated rentals. 6. The kind and amount of the capital invested in the enterprise, separated according to owned and borrowed capital, as well as data concerning the participation of Jewish capital. 7. First and family names, dates, and places of birth, racial origins, and residences of agents. 8. Written affirmation of the applicant that neither the agents nor their wives are Jews or gypsies…Works of Jewish authors and composers shall not be presented. The appearance of any master of ceremonies shall not be permitted…Jews and gypsies and persons married to Jews or gypsies may not be employed or occupied in cabarets or vaudeville houses. Belgrade, May 21, 1941. The Military Commander in Serbia.”
Lemkin, Raphael: “Axis Rule in Occupied Europe: Laws of Occupation, Analysis of Government, Proposals for Redress.” pp. 593-594
Individual Link

ca. 1941

“Law Restricting the use of Yiddish in Public Administration” [Romania] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “Under the pretext that the Jews were dangerous, disloyal, Communist collaborators, and spies, thousands who lived along the border were moved from their homes into the interior of the country.”
“Shattered! 50 Years of Silence: History and Voices of the Tragedy in Romania and Transnistria: Anti-Jewish Decrees;” nizkor.org

Individual Link

Jun. 2, 1941

“Law of June 2, 1941 replacing the Act of October 3, 1940 concerning the status of Jews” issued by  Chief of State of Vichy France Philippe Petain [Vichy France]: “We, Marshal of France, French head of state, The Cabinet heard, Decree: Article 1. – Is regarded as a Jew: 1 The person, or not belonging to any denomination, which is derived from at least three grandparents of Jewish race, or two only if the spouse is himself a product of two [great] grandparents of Jewish race. Is regarded as being of Jewish grandparent belonged to the Jewish religion; 2 Whoever belongs to the Jewish religion, or belonged to June 25, 1940, and which is derived from two grandparents of Jewish race. …Art. 2. – Access to and exercise of public functions and tasks outlined below are prohibited to the Jews: 1. Head of State, members of the Government, …and all assemblies from the election officials. 2. Ambassadors of France, general secretaries of departments, …officials of all ranks attached to all police departments. 3. General residents, governors general, …4. Members of teaching staff. 5. Officers and NCOs of the army, navy and air force members …6. Directors, general secretaries in companies receiving concessions or grants from a public authority, incumbents in the appointment of Government Business in the public interest. Art. 3. – The Jews can not work in government or enterprises benefiting from concessions or grants from a public authority, …Art. 4. – The Jews can not exercise a profession, a commercial, industrial or craft, or a free profession, hold a charge of public or ministerial officer, or be invested with functions of judicial officers, …Art. 5. – Jews are prohibited to the following professions: banker, …Publicist, real estate agent …; Trader of businesses, …operator of forests; Dealer games, …editor, even under local correspondent, newspaper or periodical publications, excluding publications of a strictly scientific or confessional; …business manager for the purpose of manufacturing, printing, distribution or exhibition of motion pictures, director, …Entrepreneur shows; operator, manager, director, manager of all business relating to broadcasting. …Art. 11. – This Act shall apply to Algeria, to the colonies, protectorates, Syria and Lebanon. …Art. 13. – This Decree shall be published in the Official Journal and enforced as State law. Done at Vichy, June 2, 1941. Ph. PETAIN…” [Editor’s note: Original webpage is in French, Google translation was used on 5/31/2012 to change text to English.]
“LOI du 2 juin 1941 remplacant la loi du 3 octobre 1940 portant statut des juifs.” No author, Accessed online 5/31/2012

Individual Link

ca. 1941

Prague [Czech Republic] [Unconfirmed]
 
Commentary from other sources:
1) “Jews are excluded from special sugar allocation.”
“Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council,” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
Individual Link

ca. 1941

“Notice regarding the obligatory wearing of Jewish insignia and the marking of Jewish trades, stores and companies” issued by the Bureau of City Police of Varazdin [Independent State of Croatia; Present Day Croatia & Bosnia Herzegovina] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “Jews in [the] Independent State of Croatia [are] ordered to wear ‘Jewish insignia.'”
“Notice regarding the obligatory wearing of Jewish insignia and the marking of Jewish trades, stores and companies.” Jasenovac Memorial Site

Individual Link

ca. 1941

Law issued by Prime Minister Ion Antonescu [Romania] [Unconfirmed]
 
Commentary from other sources:
1) “In numerous  instances Antonescu personally instigated specific anti-Semitic steps adopted by the Romanian fascist state: on June 19, 1941, Antonescu ordered the closure of all ‘Jewish communist cafés’ and the completion of lists—region by region—of all ‘Jidani, communist agents, and [communist] sympathizers’; the Ministry of the Interior was to ‘prevent them from circulating’ and to prepare ‘to deal with them’ when Antonescu gave the order…”
“The Role of Ion Antonescu in the Planniing and Implementation of Antisemitic and Anti-Roma Policies of the Romanian State.” Online paper at yadvashem.org; p. 1
Individual Link

ca. 1941

Prague [Czech Republic] [Unconfirmed]
 
Commentary from other sources:
1) “Jews permitted to visit barbers and haircutting salons only between 8:00 and 10:00.”
“Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council,” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
Individual Link

ca. 1941

“Jewish Dress Code” [Germany / Occupied  Poland/Lithuania/Latvia/Estonia/Soviet Union] [Unconfirmed]
Commentary from other sources:
1) “Jewish Poles in German-occupied Soviet-annexed Poland, Jewish Lithuanians, Latvians and Estonians as well as Soviet Jews in German-occupied areas were obliged to wear white armbands or yellow badges.”
“Yellow badge;” wikipedia.org
Individual Link

ca. 1941

Prague [Czech Republic] [Unconfirmed]
Commentary from other sources:
1) “Pets, such as dogs, cats, birds, in the possession of Jews and their Aryan dependents, are to be handed in.”
“Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council,” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
Individual Link

ca. 1941

Law issued by Prime Minister Ion Antonescu [Romania] [Unconfirmed]
 
Commentary from other sources:
1) “A special tax on Jewish-held property was enacted in July 1941. Jews were then also subject to curfew; telephones and radios were removed from their homes and offices.”
Dawidowicz, Lucy S.: “The War Against the Jews: 1933-1945.” (1975) Online book
Individual Link

Jul. 12, 1941

Nr. 164 Regulation on the Decree-Law regarding the military status of Jews [Romania]: “Regulation on the Decree-Law Regarding the Military Status of Jews Chapter 1 Definition of Jews Article 2. –The following categories are considered Jews under this law: a) People of Judaic faith; b) People born from parents of Judaic faith; c) Christians born from unbaptized parents of Judaic faith, …d) Christians born from a Christian mother and a father of Judaic faith, …e) Natural children of a mother of Judaic faith, …f) Those who left the Judaic religion by declaring themselves atheists. People who were members of the Jewish religious communities on August 9, 1940 are also considered Jews. …Article 7. – Switching to Christianity, …can no longer lead to a change in the Jewish status …Chapter II Census of Jews Article 9. – When drawing up the census tables …Jews will be included in separate tables. …Chapter III Jews’ duties Article 14. – In exchange for the pre-military and military service, Jews must pay all military fees set by law and perform tasks of general interest, according to the State’s needs, …Article 15. – The payment of military taxes is mandatory for Jews, …Chapter IV …Article 18. – Jews between the ages of 18 and 50 can be used both individually or in groups or units, either for the needs of the army or for the needs of other State, county or communal public institutions, …They will wear on their left arm a 10 cm-wide yellow armband, with the name of the respective recruitment office. …Chapter V …Article 31. – Keeping records of Jews between the ages of 18 and 50 is the responsibility of the respective recruitment offices, …Leader of the Romanian State and President of the Council of Ministers, General Ion Antonescu – Minister of National Defense, Army Corps Lieutenant General Iosif Iacobini …No. 2.030.”
“Monitorul Oficial,” Kingdom Of Romania Official Gazette, July 14, 1941 Courtesy Special Collections Department, The National Library of Romania, 6/23/2014
Individual Link

ca. 1941

Prague [Czech Republic] [Unconfirmed]
 
Commentary from other sources:
1) “Jews are prohibited entry to any woods open to the public within Greater Prague, including private woods.”
“Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council,” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
Individual Link

Jul. 18, 1941

Law issued by Prime Minister Ion Antonescu [Romania]: “III. Romania Ministry Of The Interior Office Of The Minister July 18, 1941. Lord General Antonescu, the, gave formal provisions that Jews who are in labor camps and prisoners, to be put to hard labor…have fled to shoot one in ten. If such work should not be given food, are not allowed to receive or buy. Take enforcement. Minister of State Secretary general of division, I. Smith.”
“Legi rasiale in regimul Ion Antonescu. Munca Obsteasca obligatory Arhivele Sfera Politicii.” [Laws racial regime of Ion Antonescu. Policy Scope Archives obligatory public organization work] Alexandru Florian, Accessed online 8/10/2012
Individual Link

Jul. 20, 1941

Regulation on Dealing with War Damages of Jews issued by the Reich Ministry of Interior [Germany]: “Article 1 – Jews do not receive compensation for war damages, which is granted for Germans based on the war property damage regulation. They are also not entitled to apply for compensation based on the war property damage regulation. […] Berlin 20 July 1941 – The Reich Minister of Interior, Frick”
1941 Reichsgesetzblatt I, page 437. Accessed online; Translated by Franziska Wagener 2/22/2016
Individual Link

ca. 1941

Law issued by Vichy government [Vichy France] [Unconfirmed]
Commentary from other sources:
1) “A census of Jews and Jewish property was also decreed. The law of July 22, 1941, gave the General Commissioner wide powers in the process of expropriating Jewish property and business.”
Dawidowicz, Lucy S.: “The War Against the Jews: 1933-1945.” (1975) p. 438
2) “July 22, 1941: France’s Vichy government begins expropriation of Jewish businesses.”
“1941: Mass Murder.” Online book
Individual Link

ca. Aug. 1941

“Ordinance No.1” issued by General Hugo Schwab [Transnistria] [Provisional]: “The Jews will live in ghettos, colonies, and labor camps. All Jews at present in Transnistria who do not report to the authorities within ten days from the posting of this present order for the purpose of the fixing of their place of residence, will be executed. The Jews are forbidden to leave the ghettos, labor camps and convoys without the approval of the authorities. Those who do not respect this order will be punished by death…Every Jew brought to Transnistria who tries to cross, or has crossed, into Romania without the approval of the authorities will be executed. Anyone who gives shelter to the Jews . . . will be sent to prison for a period of between three to twelve years and fined between 100 and 200 marks.”
“Ghettos 1939-1945 New Research and Perspectives on Definition, Daily Life, and Survival.” No author. Online paper, Accessed on 10/10/2012
Individual Link

Aug. 1, 1941

Act XV of 1941 (Third Hungarian Jewish Law) issued by Hungarian Government about the Amendment of Act XXXI of 1894 about Marital Law and about Related and Necessary Regulations To Protect Ratial Purity [Hungary]: “Part IV. Ban on marriages between Gentiles and Jews. Section 9  Marriages between gentiles and Jews shall be strictly forbidden. Marriages between Jewish ladies and gentiles who are foreign nationals and shall not be subject to the ban set forth herein. For the purposes of this Act Jews shall be defined as persons with at least two Jewish grandparents who were borne as members of the Israelite religion. Furthermore, persons – regardless of their descent – who are members of the Israelite religion themselves shall be classed as being Jewish. … The scope of provisions set forth in the previous paragraph hereof shall be extended to children born out of wedlock, provided that the natural fathers of such children acknowledge their fatherhood in the presence of a notary public, or in a certified and notarized document, or if parenthood was established by a court of law. … Section 10 Marriages concluded in violation of the provisions of section 9 herein shall be regarded as deceitful and the validity of such marriages may be challenged in a court of law, provided that such deceit comprises the concealment, or the misrepresentation of the truth that is of material importance for the determination of the marital status of a member of the married couple for the purposes of section 9 hereof and such deceit was deliberately caused by the other member of the married couple, or the other member of the married couple was aware of deceit that was deliberately caused by a third person. The provisions of Act XXXI of 1894 relating to challenging the validity of marriages shall be applicable in such cases as well. Section 14. Hungarian non-Jews who marry Jews. Jews who marry Hungarian non-Jews ….  in violation of the provisions of section 9 herein shall be be deemed to have committed a criminal act and shall be punishable with a prison sentence up to 5 years, the loss of their employment in public administration and with the suspension of their political rights.”
Courtesy: Parliamentary Library – Public Services Department, Budapest; Received and Translated by Sandor Mesterhazy, Language.net, 4/19/2015
Individual Link

ca. 1941

“Jewish Dress Code” [Romania] [Unconfirmed]
Commentary from other sources:
1) “All Romanian Jews were ordered to wear the yellow badge.”
Evans, Richard J.: The Third Reich at War, 1939-1945 (Penguin Books; 2008) p. 231
Individual Link

ca. 1941

Order issued by Reich Commissioner in Occupied Netherlands [Germany / Occupied Netherlands] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “In the Netherlands, the Reich Commissioner issued on August 9, 1941, a decree concerning the treatment of Jewish capital. According to this decree, Jews are prevented from disposing of their capital in the form of securities and bank accounts amounting to more than a thousand florins. Some exception was made in cases where capital did not exceed ten thousand florins and the yearly income did not exceed three thousand florins.”
Lemkin, Raphael: “Axis Rule in Occupied Europe: Laws of Occupation, Analysis of Government, Proposals for Redress.” pp. 71-72

Individual Link

Aug. 16, 1941

Decree by the Reich Commissioner for the occupied territories of the Netherlands, Artur Seyss-Inquart [Germany / Occupied Netherlands]: “…Order of the Reich Commissioner for the Occupied Netherlands Territories concerning Jewish Real Estate …Section 1(1) Jewish real estate, as defined in this order is any real estate which belongs in whole or in part: 1. To a Jew, as defined in Section 4 of Order No. 189/1940, …(2) Jewish real estate for the purpose of this order is, further, any right in real estate, as well as any mortgage, to which a person, an enterprise, an association, an institution, a foundation or any other endowment, …Part II Requirement of Registration Section 3 (1) Jewish real estate must be registered in writing with the Netherlands Real Estate Administration, …must be registered within one month after such acquisition…Section 7 (1) The Netherlands Real Estate Administration shall be empowered to take over Jewish real estate for administration…Section 11 (1) Jewish real estate can be alienated, mortgaged, leased, or made subject to other changes in ownership or possession, in part or in its entirety, only with the permission of the Reich Commissioner for the Occupied Netherlands Territories …The Hague August 11, 1941 Reich Commissioner for the Occupied Netherlands Territories Seyss-Inquart.”
“Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression Volume IV Document No. 2112-PS.” No author, Accessed online 10/17/2012
Individual Link

Aug. 22, 1941

“Expulsion of Jews from European Neighborhoods” issued by the Government-General [Germany / Occupied Territories]: “Article 1. Moroccan Jewish subjects occupying residential locations, in whatever capacity, in the European sectors of the municipalities, must evacuate the said locations within a month of the date of the publication of the present dahir in the Bulletin Officel [du Marco], unless they can prove their having taken up residence prior to September 1, 1939. […] Article 4. Moroccan Jews residing in the European sectors of the municipalities prior to September 1, 1939, will evacuate their dwellings within a time period that will be set by executive order of Our Grand Vizier. Article 6. Infractions of the dispositions of the dahir and any attempted maneuver to obstruct them will be punished with a fine of 500 to 10,000 francs, in addition to the total amount of the rents. Furthermore the recalcitrant tenant can be expelled by administrative decision.”
Global Jewish Advocacy: Anti-Semitism: An Assault on Human Rights, Researched by Ziba Shadjaani 11/4/2016
Individual Link

ca. 1941

Prague [Czech Republic] [Unconfirmed]
 
Commentary from other sources:
1) “Jews are excluded from any special allocation of pulses.”
“Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council,” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
Individual Link

ca. 1941

Law issued in occupied Luxembourg [Germany / Occupied Luxembourg] [Unconfirmed]
Commentary from other sources:
1) “Jewish restrictions followed, including the requirement in September 1941, that all Jews wear a badge with a yellow star with the word ‘Jude’ on it.”
Webb, Chris: “The Destruction of the Jews of Luxembourg.” holocaustresearchproject.org
2) “In September 1941 the Jews of Luxembourg were ordered to wear the Jewish badge (see also Badge, Jewish), and many were laced in a ghetto-like camp which soon became the assembly point for deportations to the east.”
“Luxembourg.” YadVashem, SHOAH Resource Center website
Individual Link

Sept. 1, 1941

“Police Decree on Identification of Jews” issued by Reich Minister of Interior [Germany]: “Article 1 (1) Jews (article 5 of the first decree regarding the law on German citizenship of 14 November 1935…) who have completed their sixth year of life shall be prohibited to appear in public without wearing a Jewish star. (2) The Jewish star is a yellow piece of cloth with a black border, in the form of a six pointed star of the size of a hand with the inscription ‘Jew’. It shall be worn visible, sewed on the left side of the chest of the garment. Article 2 Jews are prohibited to a. leave the area of the community in which they live without written permission of the local police; b. to wear medals, ribbons, and other insignia…Article 4 (1) He who violates articles 1 & 2 willingly or carelessly shall be punished …Article 5 This decree shall also be valid within the borders of the protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia with the specifications that the Reichs-Protector in Bohemia and Moravia shall adopt the rules of article 2 a, to the local situation in the protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. …Berlin, 1 September 1941. For the Reich Minister of the Interior. Heydrich.”
“Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression Volume IV Document No. 2118-PS.” No author, Accessed online 7/14/2011

Individual Link

ca. 1941

Order issued by Colonel Vasile Nica [Transnistria] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “On September 3, 1941, Colonel Vasile Nica, the  prefect of Balta county, ordered all the Jews?or ‘kikes’ (jidani) as he termed them in the ordinance in the town to move into the ghetto (in an area restricted to four streets) within three days. He appointed the Jewish elder Pribluda Shloimu Abramovici as head of the ghetto, allowing him to select colleagues to assist in administration. An independent bakery, pharmacy, and hospital  staffed solely by Jews were to be established; flour for the bakery was to be provided by the town of Balta as an advance against payment for its products. A market was to be set up where the inhabitants could buy and sell produce between 9:00 a.m. and noon. The head of the ghetto was also authorized to organize a Jewish police force to protect the lives and belongings of the residents.”
“Ghettos 1939-1945 New Research and Perspectives on Definition, Daily Life, and Survival.” ushmm.org

2) “On September 3, 1941 Colonel Vasile Nica, within three days, ordered all district Jews into a ghetto across four street blocks. He appointed one Jew as a ‘primar’ who was authorized set up a Jewish police force, prohibiting any one to leave the ghetto and sentenced everyone 14-60 years old, men and women, to hard labor. In addition, every Jew had to wear a yellow star and a registration number. Balta had local Jews as well as Jews deported from Bessarabia, Bukovina, and Dorohoi.”
“Balta Ghetto Listings: Introduction By Oleg Sirbu and Nolan Altman.” JewishGen.org, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

Individual Link

ca. 1941

Prague [Czech Republic] [Unconfirmed]
 
Commentary from other sources:
1) “Jews are prohibited from entering public libraries and no books are to be lent to them.”
“Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council,” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
Individual Link

Sept. 7, 1941

Order issued by Prime Minister Ion Antonescu [Romania]: “(1) The operation to evacuate the Jews must begin on September 12 with the Vertujeni camp toward Cosauti and Rezina, pursuant to directives from the Chisinau Gendarme Inspectorate. (2) Groups of not more than 1,600, including children, will cross the Dniester at a rate not exceeding 800 per day. (3) Forty to fifty carts should comprise each group…. (9) The territorial station gendarmes will help cleanse the land [i.e., of Jews] and bury the dead with the help of locals. (10) The way to handle those who do not submit… Alexianu [Code word for execution] (11) Do not take the prisoners through customs. Those who loot will be executed.”
“4. Transit Camps and Ghettos, Deportations, and Other Mass Murders; The Deportations from Bessarabia and Bukovina.” No author, Accessed online article at romanianjewish.org 9/7/2011

Individual Link

ca. 1941

“Jewish Code” issued by Parliament [Slovakia] [Unconfirmed]
Commentary from other sources:
1) “The large number of anti-Jewish decrees and the pressure exerted by extreme nationalists to base all anti-Jewish legislation on Nazi Germany’s Nuremberg Laws led to a revision of the decrees and to their centralization within the context of a single law. The term ‘Jew’ was redefined – this time on a racial basis. The decrees became 270 sections of this new law, ‘The Legal Status of the Jews in Slovakia,’ which became known as the Jewish Code. The Code, which was approved by parliament on September 9, 1941, was welcomed by the Nazi leaders in Berlin and by Slovak radicals.”
Fatran, Gila: “Slovakia’s Righteous among the Nations.” yadvashem.org
2) The government of the State of Slovakia has issued yesterday a decree defining the legal position of Jews. Today, the ‘Jewish Codex’ containing detailed anti-Jewish measures and rules which are in force as of today, was published. The governmental decree contains 270 paragraphs. It may be said that this step performed by the Slovak government is one of the most important and basic ones, since it involves, basically, the economic and public life in Slovakia. Undoubtedly, the Jewish problem has remained, here in Slovakia, the most burning problem. Even whilst strict rules were already in force, there still remained loopholes which had to be filled in order to end, once and for all, the Jewish rule. This is achieved by this latest decree. Although we can only list the only in the essence and basics those new rules defining the Jews in Slovakia, we cannot but accentuate the fact the people of Slovakia here, since the beginning of their struggle for independence and national unity, fought against this power and reign of Jewish terror. Nobody has hit and driven into poverty the people of Slovakia more than the Jews did in a systematic manner…In this way Andrej Hlinka led the nation, the party, his successor, the State and nation leader Dr. Jozef Tiso, who has expressed himself, similarly and clearly, in the new situation…This is also the purpose of the ‘Jewish Codex’ which has been published today in Bratislava, and according to which, all single organs of the Slovakian State will deal uncompromisingly and consistently with the greatest tyrants of the Slovakian nation, the Jews. And thus perform one of the best, most precious and most blessed services to the Slovakian nation and so, to satisfy all Slovaks, in the spirit of the national struggle, national consolidating and regulating endeavors, and let them find, after the Jews have gone, that everything in Slovakia belongs to them: The wealth given us by God and morals untouched by nobody and by nothing…Slovak, no 209, September 11, 1941.”
“Defining the Legal Position of the Jews in Slovakia.” jewishvirtuallibrary.org
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ca. 1941

Prague [Czech Republic] [Unconfirmed]

Commentary from other sources:
1) “The public performance and mechanical reproduction of works of music where Jews participate as composers, editors of compositions or are participating as practicing artists is forbidden. This prohibition also extends to works of music by non-Jewish composers where the words used are by Jewish librettists.”
“Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council,” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015

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Sept. 12, 1941

Regulation on the Management of Gold, other Precious Metals, Jewels, Pearls and Goods Manufactured therefrom issued by the Governor – General [Germany / Occupied Poland]: “Article 8 – (1) For Jews and Jewish businesses the trade with objects referred to in Article 1 [goods and raw materials of gold or silver, precious metals, gems, pearls, etc., comment of the translator] is prohibited.  […] Krakow 12 September 1941 – The Governor – General for the Occupied Polish Territories, Frank.”
Verordnungsblatt für das Generalgouvernement, no. 87, page 539. Accessed on 2/2/2016, Translated by Franziska Wagener
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Sept. 19, 1941

“Jewish Dress Code” [Germany / Occupied Austria / Czechoslovakia / Danzig; Present-day Austria, Czech Republic, Poland]: “Jews who are older than 6 years old are not to be seen in public without a ‘Judenstern’ [Jewish star). A Jewish star has to be as large as a plate, yellow with black lines and the word ‘Jude’ on it. It has to be visible and to be sown tightly to the left chest of an attire. It is against the law for Jews to leave their community without the written permission of the local Police authorities. Jews are forbidden from wearing medals, decorations or any other insignia. Exempt are spouses of Jews living in mixed marriages, or if their only son has died in the current war. Those who violate this prohibition intentionally or negligently are to be punished by a fine of 150 Reichsmark or with imprisonment of up to six weeks.”
Polizeiverordnung über die Kennzeichnung der Juden vom 1. September (in Kraft getreten am 19.1.1941) (Police Regulation in the Marking of Jews from 9/1/1941 (effective on 1/19/1941), Accessed on 11/12/2015, Researched by Ziba Shadjaani 11/13/2015
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ca. 1941

Decree by the Reich Commissioner for the occupied territories of the Netherlands, Artur Seyss-Inquart [Germany / Occupied Netherlands] [Unconfirmed]
 
Commentary from other sources:
1) “Following his assumption of office in the Netherlands on 29 May 1940, Seyss-Inquart, pursuant to the authority vested in him as Reich Commissar of the Netherlands by the Fuehrer decree of 18 May 1940, systematically promulgated decrees designed to implement the Nazi program of persecution and elimination of Jews…Other anti-Semitic decrees of a like nature, all of which were signed by Seyss-Inquart and published in the Verordnungsblatt fuer die besetzen niederlandischen Gebiete (VOBL) [Official Gazette for the occupied Dutch territories], may be summarized as follows: 3326-PS, Verordnungsblatt, No. 39, p. 785, 20 September 1941. Freezing of property belonging to Jews who have emigrated from Holland which is located in Holland.”
“Artur Seyss-Inquart.” jewishvirtuallibrary.org
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ca. 1941

Prague [Czech Republic] [Unconfirmed]
 
Commentary from other sources:
1) “Jews excluded from all but one post office, the permitted post office is at Prague II, Insel-gasse 9, access limited to between 13:00and 15:00. Similar rules apply in other towns.”
“Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council,” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
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ca. 1941

Prague [Czech Republic] [Unconfirmed]
 
Commentary from other sources:
1) “Jews are prohibited from walking on either bank of the river Moldau / Vltava between the railway bridge in Smíchov and the Hlávka bridge.”
“Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council,” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
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Sept. 30, 1941

“Numerus Clausus for Jews in Public Primary Schools” established by the Government-General Weygand of Algeria [Vichy France; Algeria]: “As of January 1, 1942, the figure of 14 percent will be valid for all Jewish pupils, and the elimination of all children over the figure will be immediately announced.”
Global Jewish Advocacy: Anti-Semitism: An Assault on Human Rights; Accessed online; Researched by Ziba Shadjaani 11/4/2016
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ca. 1941

Prague [Czech Republic] [Unconfirmed]
Commentary from other sources:
1) “Jews are excluded from any allocation of tobacco.”
“Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council,” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
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ca. 1941

Prague [Czech Republic] [Unconfirmed]
 
Commentary from other sources:
1) “On trains Jews are permitted only in the lowest class of carriage. Jews are not permitted to use fast and through trains. Jews are only permitted to use the last carriage. Jews will not be sold platform tickets. In case of overcrowding Jews are completely excluded from travelling.”
“Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council,” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
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Oct. 15, 1941

Third Regulation on Restrictions of Residence in the General Government issued by the Governor – General [Germany / Occupied Poland]: “Article 4b – (1) Jews who leave their assigned residential district without authorization will be punished by death. The same penalty applies to persons granting Jews knowingly shelter. (2) Persons instigating and assisting the delinquent will be punished the same. […] Krakow 15 October 1941 – The Governor – General for the Occupied Polish Territories, Frank.”
Verordnungsblatt für das Generalgouvernement, no. 99, page 595. Accessed on 2/2/2016, Translated by Franziska Wagener
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