Acts – Page 86 – OAJA.org

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 27, 1752
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“General-Rescript regarding the dealing with Jews” issued by Charles Eugene (‘Carl’), Duke of Württemberg
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Duchy of Württemberg
4. Text of Act	[We] Carl […] have had to notice with displeasure that our subjects, despite the many existing ordinances, continue to enter into business dealings with Jews, by which they open the gate to usury […] that is why we order that you shall warn all of your local authorities (‘Amts-Untergebene’) to refrain from entering into such contracts with all earnestness […] and to strictly heed the […] land-ordinance […]
5. Source	Sammlung der württembergischen Gerichts-Gesetze. Von Chr. H. Ricke, Rechts-Consulent in Stuttgart. Dritter Theil. Enthaltend bis dritte Riehe der Gerichts-Gesetze vom Jahr 1654 bis zum Jahr 1805. (Collection of court/legal laws of Württemberg. By Chr. H. Ricke, Legal-Consultant in Stuttgart. Third part. Contains all first three rows of the court/legal laws starting 1654 until 1805.);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 29, 1752
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Rescript” issued by the Chamber of Neumark and Pomerania on behalf of Frederick, King of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Prussia
4. Text of Act	Rescript addressed to the Chambers of Neumark and Pomerania regarding the turning away/rejections of beggar-Jews from Poland [… we] Frederick, King of Prussia […] order you to take the necessary precautions […] so that beggar-Jews who often come from Poland cannot walk into Our lands/domains quite so freely and carelessly, but rather, that when they do show up or are encountered, they are expelled across the border […].
5. Source	Novum Corpus Constitutionum Prussico-Brandenburgensium Praecipue Marchicarum, Oder Neue Sammlung Königl. Preußl. und Churfürstl. Brandenburgischer, sonderlich in der Chur- und Marck Brandenburg, Wie auch andern Provintzien, publicirten und ergangenen Ordnungen, Edicten, Mandaten, Rescripten ... Vom Anfang des Jahrs 1751 und folgenden Zeiten ... Zu Berlin und auswärtigen Orten zu bekommen, bey den Factoren der Königl. Preußischen Academie der Wissenschaften. (New Collection of Royal Prussian laws in the Electorate of Brandenburg, particularly Ordinances, Edicts, Mandates and Rescripts published and issued in the Electorate and Margraviate of Brandenburg, As Well As Other Provinces… From the Beginning of the Year 1751 and Subsequent Times … Available in Berlin and Foreign Townships, at the Factories of the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences. *Berlin; 1753)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	Researcher This document was issued in Berlin.

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 17, 1752
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Patent” issued for Silesia by Fredrick the Great
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	[…] a) […] only one son of a Jewish family can wed and be given residency (‘pro incola’) and only with the permission of the County Office (‘Landstelle’) and after the payment of the proper taxes. b) […] those who wed outside of the country shall forever be considered foreigners. c) A family with only daughters will be considered extinct after the death of the father. d) Jews who violate this law shall be expelled from the country forever […] the authorities that permit such things shall be fined 1000 Ducats. e) […] A marriage does not bestow an automatic permission to stay permanently [in the land]. f) When several sons in a family want to marry, the dispensation of the County Offices (‘Landesstelle’) must be obtained. […]
5. Source	Dr. Johnn Luksche’s, weiland kaiserl. mähr. schles. Appelationsrathes, Besondere Rechte der Personen Mährens Dr. Joh. Luksche’s, weiland kaiserl. mähr. schles. Appelationsrathes, Besondere Rechte der Personen Mährens und Schlesiens, vorzüglich in politischer Hinsicht. Zweiter Band; (Brünn, 1844); (Dr. Joh. Lutsche’s Weiland Imper[ial], Moravia[n], Silesia[n] Council of Appellations, Special Rights of Persons of Moravia and Silesia, especially in political terms. Vol. II); (Brünn; 1844);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2017
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 21, 1752
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Official Notification preventing Jewish trade on or near the stock exchange.
3. Geography of Act	Free Imperial City of Hamburg
4. Text of Act	Jews and Jewish boys are not to be found engaging in hawking on the stock exchange or at the entrances during stock exchange hours.
5. Source	“Sammlung der von Einem Hochedlen Rathe der Stadt Hamburg so wol zur Handhabung der Gesetze und Verfassungen als bey besonderen Eräugnissen ... welcher die Verfugungen von 1751 bis 1762 [Collection of the Regulations issued by a High Noble Council of the City of Hamburg for the Administration of Laws and Constitutions as well as for Special Events ... which contain the Regulations from 1751 to 1762,]” Volume 4, J. C. Piscator, Hamburg, 1764, p. 1854, available from archive.org.
6. Researcher	Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research	2025
8. Notes	Translator The text of this Act is available in German in the source above. It was translated using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	May 26, 1752
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	General Rescript concerning business dealings with foreign Jews.
3. Geography of Act	Duchy of Württemberg
4. Text of Act	We have to observe with great displeasure [based on] scattered reports that have been coming in from here and there for some time now that some of our country's subjects are attempting to trade on loan with foreign Jews or even to borrow money from them, … [we] warn them emphatically, for their own benefit, against such usurious dealings with Jews … [and] that they should not pay anything to such foreign Jews, including those who have been exiled, without the prior knowledge of the higher authorities, until further orders are issued.
5. Source	A. L. Reyscher (ed.), “Vollständige, Historisch und Kritisch Bearbeitete Sammlung der Württembergischen Gesetze [Complete, Historically and Critically Edited Collection of Württemberg Laws],” Volume 6, Tübingen, 1835, p. 504, available online from archive.org.
6. Researcher	Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research	2025
8. Notes	Translator The text of this Act is available in German in the source above. It was translated using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 10, 1752
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decree preventing Jewish communities from calling upon foreign rabbis in disputes without permission.
3. Geography of Act	Prince-Bishopric of Speyer
4. Text of Act	All Jews living in the towns or administrative districts under the jurisdiction of the Prince-Bishopric of Speyer are to be prohibited from summoning and employing any foreign rabbi to deal with Jewish affairs as they wish. This is to be strictly enforced under a fine of 100 Reichsthalers, unless, in the specific case where a rabbi is needed, the matter has been submitted to us and permission granted.
5. Source	“Sammlung der Hochfürstlich-Speierischen Gesetze und Landesverordnungen vom Jahr 1743 bis 1770 [Collection of the High Princely Speyer Laws and State Ordinances from 1770 to 1787],” Part 3, Bevern, 1788, p. 118, available from archive.org.
6. Researcher	Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	Translator The text of this Act is available in German in the source above. It was translated using chatgpt.com and Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 29, 1752
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Rescript” Issued by Frederick II (the Great), King of Prussia addressed to the Neumark- and Pomeranian Chamber
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Prussia
4. Text of Act	Frederick, King of Prussia [… since it has come to our attention that during a burglary in the district of Upper-Barmen ('Ober-Barmischen Creises’) a total sum of 2424 Thlr [Thaler] 21 Gr [Groschen] and 6 Pf [Pfennige] were taken/stolen, and while the perpetrators have not been found yet, it is Jews that are mostly implicated in the break-in and theft […] and that a rather extraordinary number of all kinds of foreign beggar- and transient Jews have been seen to be passing through our suburbs and cities for a while from whom nothing but mischief and such theft can be expected […] that is why We graciously order you herewith [to take the necessary precautions …] so that beggar-Jews, who come frequently from Poland, can no longer enter/pass through so freely and unobstructed through Our land, but to rather turn them back at the borders […]
5. Source	Novum Corpus Constitutionum Prussico-Brandenburgensium Praecipue Marchicarum, Oder Neue Sammlung Königl. Preußl. und Churfürstl. Brandenburgischer, sonderlich in der Chur- und Marck Brandenburg, Wie auch andern Provintzien, publicirten und ergangenen Ordnungen, Edicten, Mandaten, Rescripten ... Vom Anfang des Jahrs 1751 und folgenden Zeiten ... Zu Berlin und auswärtigen Orten zu bekommen, bey den Factoren der Königl. Preußischen Academie der Wissenschaften. (New Collection of Royal Prussian laws in the Electorate of Brandenburg, particularly Ordinances, Edicts, Mandates, and Rescripts published and issued in the Electorate and Margraviate of Brandenburg, As Well As Other Provinces… From the beginning of the year 1751 and Subsequent Times … Available in Berlin and Foreign Townships, at the Factories of the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences. *Berlin; 1753)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 12, 1752
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Brokerage Order
3. Geography of Act	Principality of Ansbach
4. Text of Act	After the Austrian experience has shown how many disputes occur and tend to arise in offices and courts because of the Jews' so-called ‘schmuß-’ or ‘broker's money’ when selling certain real estate in bankruptcy and other cases, it has therefore been deemed necessary to address this by setting a specific amount. The order is hereby issued to all senior and incorporated offices that, in the future, all Jews, unless a specific agreement has been expressly stipulated between them and the contracting parties, should be given a pro munere proxenetico (for services as a broker) or the so-called ‘swindle money’ of every hundred guilders up to the sum of 500 gulden, including two guilders. For every hundred gulden up to 1000 gulden, one gulden shall be charged, and for every hundred guilders above 1000, a fee of 30 gulden shall be applied, and no more, even in judicial proceedings. In cases where your gracious lordship is involved, inquiries should be made with the High Prince's Chamber, which will then regulate the ‘swindle money’ pro diversitate casuum (according to the diversity of cases).
5. Source	“Proxeneticum 1752 [Brokerage 1752],” in Friedrich Christian Arnold, “Beiträge Zum Teutschen Privat-Rechte [Contributions to German Private Rights],” Volume 2, Ansbach, 1842, p. 107-108, available from dlc.mpg.de.
6. Researcher	Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	Translator The text of this Act is available in German in the source above. It was translated into English using chatgpt.com.

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 2, 1752
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Governmental Circular” issued by Prussian Government
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Prussia
4. Text of Act	Circular regarding the roaming around/running around in order to sell items/goods and also regarding beggar-Jews. […] because, especially, the number of Jews who sneak into the land and run around/roam around (‘herumlaufen’) with goods on the flat land (countryside) […] has increased, and because this is of great disadvantage to the city and the country […] because beggar-Jews commit theft and other mischief, We order in all seriousness all magistrates, officers, court-authorities, toll-officers […] that they should not only keep an eye out for such peddling beggar-Jews, but also, when they are found to be present, to arrest them and to punish them according to the [current] edict […]
5. Source	Novum Corpus Constitutionum Prussico-Brandenburgensium Praecipue Marchicarum, Oder Neue Sammlung Königl. Preußl. und Churfürstl. Brandenburgischer, sonderlich in der Chur- und Marck Brandenburg, Wie auch andern Provintzien, publicirten und ergangenen Ordnungen, Edicten, Mandaten, Rescripten ... Vom Anfang des Jahrs 1751 und folgenden Zeiten ... Zu Berlin und auswärtigen Orten zu bekommen, bey den Factoren der Königl. Preußischen Academie der Wissenschaften. (New Collection of Royal Prussian laws in the Electorate of Brandenburg, particularly Ordinances, Edicts, Mandates and Rescripts published and issued in the Electorate and Margraviate of Brandenburg, As Well As Other Provinces… From the Beginning of the Year 1751 and Subsequent Times … Available in Berlin and Foreign Townships, at the Factories of the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences. *Berlin; 1753)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	Researcher This document was issued in Minden. This edict partially addresses Christians as well. The excerpts provided above are addressed to only so-called ‘beggar-Jews’ (‘Bettel-Juden’).

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 8, 1752
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Order of the Court by the King Louis XV regarding Jewish merchants and peddlers in the city of Nantes.
3. Geography of Act	Present-day France; Brittany
4. Text of Act	Jewish merchants and peddlers. – (…) - Order of August 8th, 1752, which enjoin all persons of Jewish nation not domiciled in this city and suburbs, and not employed in the role of capitation, to leave within twenty four hours, without returning, under threat of being extraordinarily persecuted, nevertheless those Jews, who by some particular privileges that they will be required to show, will be allowed to come and negotiate on fair days only.
5. Source	Ville de Nantes (Département de la Loire-Inférieure) Inventaire sommaire des archives communales antérieures à 1790 série ff. Jusctice, présidial, prévoté; procédure, procès intentés ou soutenus par la Commune; siège royal de la police, audience de la police, boulangers, bouchers, lieux publics, foires, vagabonds.) (City of Nantes (department of Lower Loire) Inventory summary of communications archives previous to 1790 series ff. Justice, chairperson, previous; procedure, trials intended or supported by the commune; royal seat of the police, hearing of the police, bakers, butchers, public places, fairs, vagabonds);
6. Researcher & Translator	Cristina Penland
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 21, 1752
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“General-Order” (‘General-Befehl’) issued by Frederick Augustus, King of Poland, Elector of Saxony, Duke of Lithuania
3. Geography of Act	Europe (multi-countries)
4. Text of Act	Dear faithful. Since it has been reported to Us that various Jews, who have been given […] passports/permits from Our Chamber, loan or give these [away] to other Jews for [their] use [which is why … ] We wish to take the necessary provisions [to safeguard Our interests in collecting taxes for these escort[-permit …] and order that you make public that recipients of such Jewish-permits […] are not to loan or give [away] their permits to another Jew or face a fine of 20 Thaler [currency], and they are to sign them […]; moreover, no further permits (‘Frey-Zettel’) are to be issued to Jews […]
5. Source	Codex Augusteus, Oder Neuvermehrtes Corpus Juris Saxonici, Worinnen die in dem Churfürstenthum Sachsen und dazu gehörigen Landen, auch denen Marggrafthümern Ober- und Nieder-Lausitz, publicirte und ergangene Constitutiones, Decisiones, Mandata und Verordnungen erhaltenen, nebst einem Elencho, dienlichen Summarien und vollkommenen Registern, mit Ihrer königlichen Majestät in Polen, als Churfürstens zu Sachsen, allergnädigster Bewilligung ans Licht getreten. Lejpzeig, Verlegtes Johann Samuel Heinsius. (Lejpzig; 1772); (Codex Augustus, or newly augmented legal body/laws of Saxony, and those of the Electorate of Saxony and its associated territories, as well as the Margraviates of Upper and Lower Lusatia - and constitutions, decisions, mandates, and received ordinances, along with an elenchus, useful summaries and complete indexes which have appeared, with the most gracious permission of His Royal Majesty in Poland as Elector of Saxony. Published in Leipzig by Johnn Samuel Heinsius; (Leipzig; 1772)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	Editor Present-day Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 5, 1752
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Ordinance” issued by the Bohemian Government
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Czech Republic; Kingdom of Bohemia/House of Habsburg
4. Text of Act	[…] Jews are prohibited to keep young women, whom they need as assistance on the day of the Sabbath, overnight in their homes. […]
5. Source	Politischer Codex, oder wesentliche Darstellung sämmtlicher, die k. k. Staaten betreffenden Gesetze und Anordnungen im politischen Fache. Praktisch bearbeitet von Ingaz de Luca, k. k. Rath und Professor. Dritter Band. (Wien; 1789); (Political codex or essential listing of all relevant laws and ordinances within the r[oyal] i[imperial] states/territories in the political field. Effectively edited by Ignaz de Luca, r[oyal] i[imperial] counsel and professor. Third Volume.); (Vienna; 1789);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 16, 1752
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Jewish Order issued by Margrave Karl Friedrich.
3. Geography of Act	Margraviate of Baden
4. Text of Act	On Sundays, Christian festivals, holidays and prayer days, Jews must remain quiet and withdrawn in their houses, and not engage in trade or business during church services, under penalty of a fine of 10 thalers. Jews who are found in the villages on such days must pay the same. … Jewish Inns … are forbidden to sell wine to non-Jews under penalty of 10 Reichstaler.
5. Source	Adolf Lewin, “Geschichte der badischen Juden seit der Regierung Karl Friedrichs (1738-1909) [History of the Baden Jews Since the Reign of Karl Friedrich (1738-1909)]," Commission Publishing House of the G. Braun Court Printing Office, Karlsruhe, 1909, pp. 1, 9-10, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher	Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research	2025
8. Notes	Translator The text of this Act is available in German in the source above. It was translated using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Nov. 15, 1752
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Announcement/Circular” (‘Ausschreiben’) issued by the Government of Brunswick-Lüneburg
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	After numerous authorities have up until now issued foreign Jews who have newly arrived passports for the continuation of their travels with the excuse that these Jews have arrived with good/proper passports, that is why the issuance of such passports has been prohibited and simultaneously, it is ordered that such passports should be revoked from foreign Jews and sent to the government for further regulations. […]
5. Source	Churfürstliche Braunschweig-Lüneburgische Landes-Gesetz und Verordnung Calenbergischen und Grubenhagenschen Theils in einem Auszug nach alphabetischer Ordnung gebracht von Friedrich Christoph Willich, der Rechte Doctor, und Actuarius der Georg-August Universität. Zweiter Band H-O. (State Laws and Ordinances of the Prince-Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg pertaining to Calenberg and Grubenhagen in one draft and in alphabetical order complied by Friedrich Christoph Willich, PhD in Law and Actuarius of Georg-August University. Second Volume. H - O.); (Göttingen/Dessau; 1782));
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1753
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Lord Hardwicke's Marriage Act
3. Geography of Act	England
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "Jewish marriages were specifically exempted." Langham, Raphael: The Jews in Britain: A chronology, page 44
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 1, 1753
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Rescript” issued by Frederick, King of Prussia and addressed “to the Chambers of Pomerania, Electoral March/Kurmark, Königsberg/Kaliningrad, Globino, Magdeburg, Halberstadt, Minden, Kleve, and East Frisia regarding the cohabitation of parents and their settled children among the Jewry”
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Prussia
4. Text of Act	[We,] Frederick, King of Prussia [rescind a previous law requiring Jewish families to lodge together in one house …however]; it goes without saying that this does not authorize them to pursue more than one trade. […]
5. Source	Novum Corpus Constitutionum Prussico-Brandenburgensium Praecipue Marchicarum, Oder Neue Sammlung Königl. Preußl. und Churfürstl. Brandenburgischer, sonderlich in der Chur- und Marck Brandenburg, Wie auch andern Provintzien, publicirten und ergangenen Ordnungen, Edicten, Mandaten, Rescripten ... Vom Anfang des Jahrs 1751 und folgenden Zeiten ... Zu Berlin und auswärtigen Orten zu bekommen, bey den Factoren der Königl. Preußischen Academie der Wissenschaften. (New Collection of Royal Prussian laws in the Electorate of Brandenburg, particularly Ordinances, Edicts, Mandates and Rescripts published and issued in the Electorate and Margraviate of Brandenburg, As Well As Other Provinces… From the Beginning of the Year 1751 and Subsequent Times … Available in Berlin and Foreign Townships, at the Factories of the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences. *Berlin; 1753)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 23, 1753
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Decree” issued by the Imperial Palace of Holy Roman Empress Maria Theresa
3. Geography of Act	Holy Roman Empire
4. Text of Act	[…] The selling of alum leather that Jews have fabricated themselves will only be permitted to Jews for the next three months, after which they are to face confiscation [if found in possession of these goods]. […]
5. Source	Dr. Joh. Luksche’s, weiland kaiserl. mähr. schles. Appelationsrathes, Besondere Rechte der Personen Mährens und Schlesiens, vorzüglich in politischer Hinsicht. Zweiter Band; (Brünn, 1844); (Dr. Joh. Lutsche’s Weiland Imper[ial], Moravia[n], Silesia[n] Council of Appellations, Special Rights of Persons of Moravia and Silesia, especially in political terms. Vol. II); (Brünn; 1844)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2017
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 25, 1753
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Rescript” issued by Friedrich, King of Prussia and addressed to all war & domain-chambers (Kriegs- und Domainen-Cammern’)
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Prussia
4. Text of Act	Fredrick (‘Friedrich’), King of Prussia […] We have received the general list of Jewish families which you have sent to Us […] You, on the other hand, are to use any means necessary so that the number of Jews (‘Jewish-heads’) does not increase […] and that you can annually report accurately any decline in numbers that are due to a death or when a permit is revoked in case the owner/holder of the permit commits a crime […]. You are also to instruct the local authorities/commissions to be vigilant so that no additional Jewish families sneak in and exceed the predetermined number set for them if they (authorities) wish to avoid serious punishment […] and that when Jewish families move out or have their protection-permit revoked, they are reported and no new ones [allowed to replace them and] be tolerated. […]
5. Source	Novum Corpus Constitutionum Prussico Brandenburgensium Praecipue Marchicarum, Oder Neue Sammlung königl. Preuße. und Churfürstl. Brandenburgischer, sonderlich in der Chur- und Marck-Brandenburg, wie auch andren Provinzien, publicirten und ergangenen Ordnungen, EDICTen, MANDATen, RESCRIPen &c. &c. Vom Anfang des Jahren 1751 und folgenden Zeiten. Mit königlicher Allergnädigsten Bewilligung, und Dero Akademie der Wissenschaften, darüber ertheilten Privilegs, nebst einer Einleitung in die mannigfaltigen Gesetze eines Staates, und besonders in die köngl. Preußl. und Chur-Brandenburgische Geistliche und Weltliche, Justitz- Militair- Cameral- Polizey- und übrige Landes-Gesetze. (A new constitution for Prussian Brandenburg, especially the Margraviate [of Brandenburg] or new collection of ordinances, edicts, mandates, rescripts etc. etc. published in the royal Prussian Electorate of Brandenburg, especially the Margraviate of Brandenburg and other provides. Starting with the year 1751 and the years following. With the royal, most gracious permission and that of the Akademie of Sciences, on whom the privilege was bestowed, along with an introduction/foreword to the varied laws of the state, especially the royal Prussian Electorate of Brandenburg clerical and secular laws that pertain to justice, military, chamber, police and other state laws.) (Berlin; 1753)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 25, 1753
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Rescript issued by Frederick, King of Prussia, to all war and domain chambers concerning the number of Jewish families.
3. Geography of Act	Prussia
4. Text of Act	You must use all possible means to ensure that the number of Jewish heads does not increase … you must also instruct the local commissioners and, under penalty of severe punishment, ensure that no more Jewish families creep in than the set number, nor are more than should be tolerated, and that if any of the protected Jewish families leave or have their privileges revoked, you must report this immediately and no new ones must be tolerated in place of those that have left.
5. Source	“No. 14. Rescript an sämtliche Krieges- und Domainen-Cammern, die Anzahl der Juden-Familien betreffend, [No. 14. Rescript to all war and domain chambers concerning the number of Jewish families],” jinh.lima-city.de, accessed on Oct. 14, 2024.
6. Researcher	Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	Researcher According to the Merriam-Webster online dictionary, a rescript is “an official or authoritative order, decree, edict, or announcement.” Translator The text of this Act is available in German in the source above. It was translated into English using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 13, 1753
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Decree” issued by the Imperial Palace of Holy Roman Empress Maria Theresa
3. Geography of Act	Holy Roman Empire
4. Text of Act	The purchasing and selling of rawhides (‘rohen Häuten’) is prohibited to Jews […].
5. Source	Dr. Joh. Luksche’s, weiland kaiserl. mähr. schles. Appelationsrathes, Besondere Rechte der Personen Mährens und Schlesiens, vorzüglich in politischer Hinsicht. Zweiter Band; (Brünn, 1844); (Dr. Joh. Lutsche’s Weiland Imper[ial], Moravia[n], Silesia[n] Council of Appellations, Special Rights of Persons of Moravia and Silesia, especially in political terms. Vol. II); (Brünn; 1844)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2017
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	May 8, 1753
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Ordinance of the City Council of [Bad] Wimpfen
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Imperial City of Wimpfen/Holy Roman Empire
4. Text of Act	[…] No one is to engage in any kind of trade with the Jews in the city or in the valley or in Hochstadt* without the prior knowledge of the respective mayor (‘Bürgermeister’) […] contracts entered in violation [of the above] are be considered void.
5. Source	Körner, Th: Die Geschichte der Stadt Wimpfen. (History of the City of Wimpfen); (Heilbronn; 1846);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 27, 1753
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Instruction” of the Government of the Electorate of Saxony
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Electorate of Saxony
4. Text of Act	At the time at entry, [all] Jews are to be examined thoroughly as well as [the content of] their suitcases and packages […]
5. Source	D. Johann Nicolaus Schwarzens, Rechtskonsulentens zu Dresden, Wörterbuch, über die Chursächsischen, auch Ober- und Nieder-Lausitzischen Gesetze, bus zum Jahre 1792. Erster Theil. Von A bis D. (“D. Johann Nicolaus Schwarzen’s legal-counsel to Dresden, Dictionary regarding the laws of the Electorate of Saxony as well as Upper and Lower-Lusatia until the year 1792. First Section.”); (Dresden; 1792);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 9, 1753
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“General-Privilege and Regulations of the Jewish Community” issued by Fredrick II
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Prussia
4. Text of Act	[…] to all Chambers of Königsberg, Pomerania, Neumarkt […] regarding all Jewish families in small cities […] 33) […] the Jews shall be removed in all manner and by all means from small cities; especially from those [cities] that exist in the middle of the countryside and where Jews are entirely unnecessary and even harmful, […] [they] shall only be left mainly in those small cities which exist near the Polish borders. […]
5. Source	Policey- und Cameral-Magazin in welchem nach alphabetischer Ordnung die vornehmsten und wichtigsten bey dem Policey- und Cameralwesen vorkommende Materien nah richtigen und vernünftigen Grundsätzen praktisch abgehandelt und durch landesherrliche Gesetze und hin und wieder wirklich gemachte Einrichtungen erläutert werden. Fünfter Band welcher J und R enthält herausgegeben von Johann Heinrich Ludwig Bergius; (Frankfurt am Mayn; 1770); (Police and State-Economy Repository/Journal in which principal and most important materials of Police and State Economy have been dealt with [and listed] in alphabetical order and in proper and rational manner and explained through territorial laws and occasionally made real by establishments. Fifth Volume which contains J to R and published by Johann Heinrich Ludwig Bergius); (Frankfurt am/near Main; 1770)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2017
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Sep. 8, 1753
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Royal Ordinance”
3. Geography of Act	Austria
4. Text of Act	Jewish doctors, surgeons, apothecaries, bathers and midwives are prohibited to continue to pursue their professions even among Jews.
5. Source	Braumüller, Wilhelm: Urkunden und Akten zur Geschichte der Juden in Wien. Erste Abteilung. Allgemeiner Teil 1526-1847. Erster Band. (Wien) 1918; p. 348.
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2016
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Sep. 22, 1753
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Jew Ordinance, issued by the House of Representatives of Lower Austria
3. Geography of Act	Austria
4. Text of Act	(2) In order to limit the size of Jewish households, every Jew shall be assigned a maximum number of male and female employees. (8) Jewish heads of household may only deal in drafts, money and jewels, but not in any other items or merchandise. (12) Every Jewish father of the house is to report any staff changes to the Lower Austrian government, so that they may be used to update the register of domestic Jews. (16) Jews are to worship quietly; on Sundays and holidays, they may not leave their homes before 10 a.m., and during any Christian processions, are to stay away from their windows.
5. Source	Urkunden und Akten zur Geschichte der Juden in Wien (1526-1847), Vol. I. A.F. Pribram. Vienna, 1918. p. 341. Accessed online.
6. Translator	Dominik Jacobs
7. Year of Translation	2016
8. Notes	None