Oct. 8, 1664

“Ordinance Regarding the Hiring of a Christian Watchman” issued by Duke Fredrick William of Prussia [Prussia / Present-day Germany and Poland]: “The Jewish community is ordered to either pay the sum it would cost to hire a watchman or to hire a Christian watchman themselves instead.”
Stern, Selma: Der Preussische Staat und die Juden, Vol. 1. (The Prussian State and the Jews) (1962) p. 104, Magdeburger Staats Archiv Rep. A. 13. Nr. 605, Researched and Translated by Ziba Shadjaani 12/20/2015