Sept. 2, 1684

“Prince-Elector Ordinance Regarding the Jews in Berlin” issued by Duke Frederick I [Duchy of Prussia / Present-day Germany, Poland, Czech Republic]: ” … because it has come to our attention that due to the existence of two Synagogues and other kind of offenses by Jews – such as hiding and dealing with stolen merchandize, we order that such offenses are to be stop immediately and that 1) Jews are only allowed one Synagogue and one school and all others are to ceased operation immediately; 2) all Jews are to honor the oath they have taken and report all offenses to the authorities immediately or face loss of their property and banishment from the country. 3) head of the Jewish communities are required to report stolen items immediately to the Bailiff of Cologne. 4) Jews are prohibited from operating open stalls and booths. They are to clear and cease those immediately. 5) Jews whose children get married outside of the country, are to pay a ‘out-tax’ and Jewish courts are to report how they handle punishments and sentencing. This [ordinance] is to be obeyed by the Jewish community or [they are to] face sever punishment.”