“Papal Decision” issued by the Pope Urban [Papal States; Present-day Vatican City, Italy, France]: “[…] The [involuntary/forced] baptism of Jewish children remains valid. […]” [Researcher’s note: While previous popes had condemned and prohibited forced baptism of Jewish children and considered them to be often void, Pope Urban legally validated all baptism to be final — even those preformed with force; however, he forbade involuntary baptism on children younger than 7.]
Vogelstein, Hermann and Paul Rieger: Geschichte Der Juden in Rom. Zweiter Band; 1420-1870 (History of the Jews in Rome. Volume II. 1420-1870); (Berlin; 1895); Researched and Translated by Ziba Shadjaani 5/30/12018