1. Full Date of Act
Feb. 1, 681
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Book 12, Title 3, Law 3 [12.3.3] of the Visigothic Code issued by King Erwig.
3. Geography of Act
Visigothic Kingdom
4. Text of Act

If any of the Jews, therefore (that is, one of those who have not been baptized yet) either should delay being baptized, or should not surrender his sons or servants to the priest to be baptized, or should remove himself or his sons and servants from baptism, or if any of them should still be without the grace of baptism after one year counted from the issue of this law, the one transgressing in all these - whoever the detected man should be - shall be shorn of his hair, flogged one hundred lashes, and punished with the mandatory punishment of exile. His properties, however, should be under the prince’s power, so that if his further unyielding life should show him to be incorrigible, they shall remain in perpetuity under the power of the man to whom the prince would wish to grant them.

5. Source
Amnon Linder (ed.), “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages,” Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997, p. 293.
6. Researcher
Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research
2025
8. Notes
Researcher
According to Amnon Linder (ed.), “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages,” Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997, p. 258, Title 12.3 of the Visigothic Code, containing 28 laws, was promulgated by King Erwig immediately after his accession to the throne on Oct. 15, 680, and entered into force on Feb. 1, 681.
1. Full Date of Act
Feb. 1, 681
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Book 12, Title 2, Law 9 [12.2.9] of the Visigothic Code reissued by King Erwig.
3. Geography of Act
Visigothic Kingdom
4. Text of Act

We especially decree, by the following law, that it shall not be lawful for any Jew to testify against a Christian in any legal proceeding, or business transaction, even though said Christian should be of the lowest rank or a slave; nor shall a Jew prosecute a Christian, in any action a law; or sue him upon any written contract; or subject him to torture for any reason whatsoever.

5. Source
S.P. Scott (ed.), “The Visigothic Code (Forum Judicum),” The Boston Book Company, Boston, MA, 1910, p. 368, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher
Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research
2025
8. Notes
Researcher
According to Amnon Linder (ed.), “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages,” Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997, p. 258, Book 12, Title 2 of the Visigothic Code, was originally promulgated by King Recceswinth in 654 shortly after he ascended the throne. It was later “received in its entirety, and a third title was added to it,” by King Erwig, immediately after his accession to the throne on Oct. 15, 680. Under Erwig’s reign, these titles entered into force on Feb. 1, 681.
1. Full Date of Act
Feb. 1, 681
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Book 12, Title 3, Law 16 [12.3.16] of the Visigothic Code issued by King Erwig.
3. Geography of Act
Visigothic Kingdom
4. Text of Act

If slaves of Hebrews, who are consecrated to the title of the holy religion, should never reveal henceforth that they are Christians, enticed by some persuasion on the part of their masters in order that they should remain under the yoke of their masters, since they would despise the grace of the freedom they were offered, they shall be held in all manners bound in the chain of perpetual slavery to the man who shall receive them from the prince. If anyone of the Christians should make this deed known, he shall receive five solidi for any Christian slave, namely from the man who shall be convicted for keeping them with him after these decrees were given.

5. Source
Amnon Linder (ed.), “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages,” Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997, p. 318.
6. Researcher
Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research
2025
8. Notes
Researcher
According to Amnon Linder (ed.), “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages,” Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997, p. 258, Title 12.3 of the Visigothic Code, containing 28 laws, was promulgated by King Erwig immediately after his accession to the throne on Oct. 15, 680, and entered into force on Feb. 1, 681.
1. Full Date of Act
Feb. 1, 681
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Book 12, Title 3, Law 4 [12.3.4] of the Visigothic Code issued by King Erwig.
3. Geography of Act
Visigothic Kingdom
4. Text of Act

[We] decree that the following shall be observed: that when any Jew celebrates the Passover according to the rites of his religion, he shall receive a hundred lashes, be scalped, and be driven into perpetual exile, and his property shall be confiscated for the benefit of the royal treasury. Whoever shall circumcise either a Jew or a Christian, shall be mutilated; and his property shall be confiscated
for the use of the royal treasury. Should any woman presume to practise the operation of circumcision, or should present anyone to another person to be circumcised, she shall have her nose cut off, and all her property shall be given to the king. They, also, shall undergo a similar penalty who cause a Christian man or woman to renounce the faith of Christ, or induce anyone to return to the practice of the false doctrines of the Jews.

5. Source
S.P. Scott (ed.), “The Visigothic Code (Forum Judicum),” The Boston Book Company, Boston, MA, 1910, pp. 385-386, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher
Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research
2025
8. Notes
Researcher
According to Amnon Linder (ed.), “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages,” Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997, p. 258, Title 12.3 of the Visigothic Code, containing 28 laws, was promulgated by King Erwig immediately after his accession to the throne on Oct. 15, 680, and entered into force on Feb. 1, 681.
1. Full Date of Act
Feb. 1, 681
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Book 12, Title 2, Law 10 [12.2.10] of the Visigothic Code reissued by King Erwig.
3. Geography of Act
Visigothic Kingdom
4. Text of Act

Jews, whether baptized or unbaptized, are … forbidden to testify against Christians. The descendants of Jews, however, if they are of good morals, and adherents of the Faith, shall be permitted to give evidence among Christians; but not unless their morals and their belief shall be vouched for by either the king, a priest or a judge.

5. Source
S.P. Scott (ed.), “The Visigothic Code (Forum Judicum),” The Boston Book Company, Boston, MA, 1910, p. 368, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher
Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research
2025
8. Notes
Researcher
According to Amnon Linder (ed.), “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages,” Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997, p. 258, Book 12, Title 2 of the Visigothic Code, was originally promulgated by King Recceswinth in 654 shortly after he ascended the throne. It was later “received in its entirety, and a third title was added to it,” by King Erwig, immediately after his accession to the throne on Oct. 15, 680. Under Erwig’s reign, these titles entered into force on Feb. 1, 681.
1. Full Date of Act
Feb. 1, 681
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Book 12, Title 3, Law 17 [12.3.17] of the Visigothic Code issued by King Erwig.
3. Geography of Act
Visigothic Kingdom
4. Text of Act

None of the Jews shall exercise any charge or authority of administration, command, compulsion, coercion, or punishment over Christians from the first year of our reign,… unless the prince should permit it for some reason of public benefit. If any of the Jews, however, should receive authority from someone and compel, punish, or coerce any Christian, or dare to rage against him, or endeavor to inflict upon him anything contrary to the prohibitions in the laws or attempt to refer to false rules that are not in the law, he shall either forfeit half his property, which should be accrued to the fisc, or (if he should not have any property) he shall be shorn of his hair and receive one hundred lashes. As for those, however, who would permit them to exercise this authority over Christians, a nobleman shall be forced to pay the fisc ten pounds of gold, but smaller and less worthy persons shall forfeit five pounds of gold paid to the fisc. And if they should not have resources to compose with, they shall be shorn of their hair and subjected to a hundred lashes.

5. Source
Amnon Linder (ed.), “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages,” Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997, p. 319.
6. Researcher
Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research
2025
8. Notes
Researcher
According to Amnon Linder (ed.), “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages,” Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997, p. 258, Title 12.3 of the Visigothic Code, containing 28 laws, was promulgated by King Erwig immediately after his accession to the throne on Oct. 15, 680, and entered into force on Feb. 1, 681.
1. Full Date of Act
Feb. 1, 681
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Book 12, Title 3, Law 5 [12.3.5] of the Visigothic Code issued by King Erwig.
3. Geography of Act
Visigothic Kingdom
4. Text of Act

If any of the Jews should practice according to his custom or dare to celebrate the new moon celebrations, the Feasts of Tabernacles, Sabbaths, holidays, or solemnities of the other feasts of his rite, he shall be short of his hair, flogged a hundred lashes and punished by the mandatory adversity of exile. His properties shall return to the prince, so that he would restore them to him some time if he should perfectly convert, or, if the Jew should persist in evils, he would grant them to the utility of others to whom it would be lawful to grant.

5. Source
Amnon Linder (ed.), “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages,” Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997, p. 294.
6. Researcher
Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research
2025
8. Notes
Researcher
According to Amnon Linder (ed.), “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages,” Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997, p. 258, Title 12.3 of the Visigothic Code, containing 28 laws, was promulgated by King Erwig immediately after his accession to the throne on Oct. 15, 680, and entered into force on Feb. 1, 681.
1. Full Date of Act
Feb. 1, 681
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Book 12, Title 2, Law 11 [12.2.11] of the Visigothic Code reissued by King Erwig.
3. Geography of Act
Visigothic Kingdom
4. Text of Act

It shall not be lawful for a Jew to purchase a Christian slave, or to accept of one as a gift. Should a Jew purchase such a slave or accept of him as a gift and then circumcise him, he shall lose the price of said slave, and the latter shall be free. The Jew who circumcises a Christian slave shall forfeit his property to the king. Any slave of either sex who is unwilling to become a Jew, shall receive his or her freedom.

5. Source
S.P. Scott (ed.), “The Visigothic Code (Forum Judicum),” The Boston Book Company, Boston, MA, 1910, p. 369, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher
Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research
2025
8. Notes
Researcher
According to Amnon Linder (ed.), “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages,” Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997, p. 258, Book 12, Title 2 of the Visigothic Code, was originally promulgated by King Recceswinth in 654 shortly after he ascended the throne. It was later “received in its entirety, and a third title was added to it,” by King Erwig, immediately after his accession to the throne on Oct. 15, 680. Under Erwig’s reign, these titles entered into force on Feb. 1, 681.
1. Full Date of Act
Feb. 1, 681
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Book 12, Title 3, Law 18 [12.3.18] of the Visigothic Code issued by King Erwig.
3. Geography of Act
Visigothic Kingdom
4. Text of Act

If any slave of the Jews, entangled in their service and in their customs, should wish to escape to the grace of Christ, no one shall retain him in the chains of slavery, no one shall oppose such a man, he shall have no hindrance to faith from anyone; for as soon as he shall prove himself to be Christian in a declaration and in a sworn attestation and report clearly his masters’ prevarications, he shall be immediately freed from any chain of slavery, released by his master with his entire personal property, and given freedom.

5. Source
Amnon Linder (ed.), “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages,” Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997, p. 320.
6. Researcher
Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research
2025
8. Notes
Researcher
According to Amnon Linder (ed.), “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages,” Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997, p. 258, Title 12.3 of the Visigothic Code, containing 28 laws, was promulgated by King Erwig immediately after his accession to the throne on Oct. 15, 680, and entered into force on Feb. 1, 681.
1. Full Date of Act
Feb. 1, 681
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Book 12, Title 3, Law 6 [12.3.6] of the Visigothic Code issued by King Erwig.
3. Geography of Act
Visigothic Kingdom
4. Text of Act

If a Jew or Jewess should exercise any agricultural or weaving work on Sundays or should manage works of any sort in houses, fields, or such like, with the exception of those works allowed by the honorable custom of the noble Christians, the presumptuous person doing this shall be shorn of his hair and flogged a hundred lashes. And if, perchance, their slaves or bondwomen should be discovered occupied in the above-mentioned works on these days and on similar days, they too shall suffer a similar sentence; their masters, however, if they should permit tier slaves to do these works, shall be forced to render to the fisc one hundred gold solidi.

5. Source
Amnon Linder (ed.), “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages,” Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997, p. 295.
6. Researcher
Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research
2025
8. Notes
Researcher
According to Amnon Linder (ed.), “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages,” Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997, p. 258, Title 12.3 of the Visigothic Code, containing 28 laws, was promulgated by King Erwig immediately after his accession to the throne on Oct. 15, 680, and entered into force on Feb. 1, 681.
1. Full Date of Act
Feb. 1, 681
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Book 12, Title 2, Law 15 [12.2.15] of the Visigothic Code reissued by King Erwig.
3. Geography of Act
Visigothic Kingdom
4. Text of Act

Lest the Jews should, by means of any artifice, and through their unremitting perseverance, obtain the legal sanction for their profane rites so much desired by them, we hereby decree that no person belonging to any religious order or rank whatsoever, or any of the royal officials, of high or low degree, or any individual of any station or family, or any prince, or person in authority, shall encourage any Jew, whether baptized or not baptized, to remain in the practice of his detestable faith and customs; or shall conceal the fact that he is doing so; or shall induce those who have been baptized to return to the observance of their perfidious ceremonies. … No one, for any reason, or in any manner, shall attempt by word or deed, to aid or protect such persons, either openly or secretly, in their opposition to the Holy Faith and the Christian religion.

5. Source
S.P. Scott (ed.), “The Visigothic Code (Forum Judicum),” The Boston Book Company, Boston, MA, 1910, p. 374, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher
Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research
2025
8. Notes
Researcher
According to Amnon Linder (ed.), “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages,” Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997, p. 258, Book 12, Title 2 of the Visigothic Code, was originally promulgated by King Recceswinth in 654 shortly after he ascended the throne. It was later “received in its entirety, and a third title was added to it,” by King Erwig, immediately after his accession to the throne on Oct. 15, 680. Under Erwig’s reign, these titles entered into force on Feb. 1, 681.
1. Full Date of Act
Feb. 1, 681
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Book 12, Title 3, Law 19 [12.3.19] of the Visigothic Code issued by King Erwig.
3. Geography of Act
Visigothic Kingdom
4. Text of Act

Where a Jew is invested with authority or power by any member of the laity [layperson/non-clergy], and by its means he obtains control over a Christian family, his authority shall be at once transferred to the king, and he who accepted it shall receive a hundred lashes, have his head shaved, and forfeit half his property to the public treasury.

5. Source
S.P. Scott (ed.), “The Visigothic Code (Forum Judicum),” The Boston Book Company, Boston, MA, 1910, p. 402, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher
Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research
2025
8. Notes
Researcher
According to Amnon Linder (ed.), “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages,” Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997, p. 258, Title 12.3 of the Visigothic Code, containing 28 laws, was promulgated by King Erwig immediately after his accession to the throne on Oct. 15, 680, and entered into force on Feb. 1, 681.
1. Full Date of Act
Feb. 1, 681
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Book 12, Title 3, Law 7 [12.3.7] of the Visigothic Code issued by King Erwig.
3. Geography of Act
Visigothic Kingdom
4. Text of Act

This matter, indeed, that the detestable custom of the Jews - even more polluted than the Jewish superstition - discriminates between pure and impure foods, taking some and refusing others, in whoever should be discovered the deviations of this observance, namely that he should do differently than the honorable custom of the Christian usage, he shall be shamefully shorn of his hair and flogged one hundred lashes on the demand of the judge in whose territory he would be.

5. Source
Amnon Linder (ed.), “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages,” Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997, p. 296.
6. Researcher
Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research
2025
8. Notes
Researcher
According to Amnon Linder (ed.), “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages,” Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997, p. 258, Title 12.3 of the Visigothic Code, containing 28 laws, was promulgated by King Erwig immediately after his accession to the throne on Oct. 15, 680, and entered into force on Feb. 1, 681.
1. Full Date of Act
Feb. 1, 681
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Book 12, Title 3, Law 21 [12.3.21] of the Visigothic Code issued by King Erwig.
3. Geography of Act
Visigothic Kingdom
4. Text of Act

Any community of Jews, whatever places of territories they are seen to inhabit, must congregate and join the local bishop or priest on the days of Sabbath or other holidays that they use to celebrate; and they shall not use on these and similar days the permission they were granted to travel, but they shall not travel anywhere without the consent of their priest during the duration of those days they are suspected of celebrating. On the Sabbath days they shall always congregate with the bishop or the priest, clean after bathing and attached to the benediction given. … The women of the Jews, that is, their wives and daughters, shall not find occasion for any deviation or travel on all the above-mentioned holidays, which they misuse according to their deviation. This shall be entirely observed … [and] to wit, that just as their men do not take themselves away from the presence of a priest, they, too, should be ordered to stay with certain worthiest Christian women … If anyone should be seen to act against this order, he shall be disgraced by being publicly shorn of his hair and subjected to the punishment of one hundred lashes.

5. Source
Amnon Linder (ed.), “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages,” Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997, pp. 324-325.
6. Researcher
Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research
2025
8. Notes
Researcher
According to Amnon Linder (ed.), “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages,” Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997, p. 258, Title 12.3 of the Visigothic Code, containing 28 laws, was promulgated by King Erwig immediately after his accession to the throne on Oct. 15, 680, and entered into force on Feb. 1, 681.
1. Full Date of Act
Feb. 1, 681
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Book 12, Title 3, Law 8 [12.3.8] of the Visigothic Code issued by King Erwig.
3. Geography of Act
Visigothic Kingdom
4. Text of Act

If a Jew or Jewess should wish to celebrate a new nuptial feast, we do not permit any of them to enter such a marriage unless he does so with a preceding document of dowry (as is enjoined on the Christians in a useful precept), or with the reception of a sacerdotal benediction within the bosom of the Church. If any of the Hebrews should either enter into a new marriage without the priest’s benediction or transgress in any way against the authority of the law on dowry, he shall either be forced to pay the prince one hundred solidi or shall receive one hundred lashes in public. Each of them shall receive these fines and floggings individually, namely, the man who married, as well as the woman who was married, also their parents; each one shall receive this law's sanction by himself.

5. Source
Amnon Linder (ed.), “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages,” Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997, p. 298.
6. Researcher
Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research
2025
8. Notes
Researcher
According to Amnon Linder (ed.), “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages,” Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997, p. 258, Title 12.3 of the Visigothic Code, containing 28 laws, was promulgated by King Erwig immediately after his accession to the throne on Oct. 15, 680, and entered into force on Feb. 1, 681.
1. Full Date of Act
Feb. 1, 681
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Book 12, Title 2, Law 7 [12.2.7] of the Visigothic Code reissued by King Erwig.
3. Geography of Act
Visigothic Kingdom
4. Text of Act

No Jew shall circumcise another; nor shall a person who has permitted himself to be circumcised be exempt from the operation of the law. No slave, freeborn person, or freed-man, native or foreigner, shall practise or submit to this detestable operation.

5. Source
S.P. Scott (ed.), “The Visigothic Code (Forum Judicum),” The Boston Book Company, Boston, MA, 1910, p. 367, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher
Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research
2025
8. Notes
Researcher
According to Amnon Linder (ed.), “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages,” Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997, p. 258, Book 12, Title 2 of the Visigothic Code, was originally promulgated by King Recceswinth in 654 shortly after he ascended the throne. It was later “received in its entirety, and a third title was added to it,” by King Erwig, immediately after his accession to the throne on Oct. 15, 680. Under Erwig’s reign, these titles entered into force on Feb. 1, 681.
1. Full Date of Act
Feb. 1, 681
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Book 12, Title 3, Law 22 [12.3.22] of the Visigothic Code issued by King Erwig.
3. Geography of Act
Visigothic Kingdom
4. Text of Act

If any of the laics [layperson/non-clergy] should have with him as followers any of the Jews, a man or a woman, or if he should retain them in his patronage, and if he should defend them with his private authority after they had been deprived of the bishops’ or priests’ privilege nor hand them over to be instructed or judged by the bishop or the priest on the obligatory days, he shall be excommunicated by the bishop toward whom he acted in this way, forfeit those whom he tried to protect, and pay a fine of three pounds of gold for each one, to be accrued to the prince.

5. Source
Amnon Linder (ed.), “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages,” Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997, p. 325.
6. Researcher
Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research
2025
8. Notes
Researcher
According to Amnon Linder (ed.), “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages,” Wayne State University Press, Detroit, MI, 1997, p. 258, Title 12.3 of the Visigothic Code, containing 28 laws, was promulgated by King Erwig immediately after his accession to the throne on Oct. 15, 680, and entered into force on Feb. 1, 681.
1. Full Date of Act
682
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
“Laws Concerning Jews” issued by King Erwig
3. Geography of Act
Visigothic Kingdom
4. Text of Act

Commentary from other sources: 1) King Erwig pressed for the "utter extirpation of the pest of the Jews," and made it illegal to practice any Jewish rites. This put further pressure on the Jews to convert or emigrate. "Jewish Timeline - 70 (9 Av 3830) JERUSALEM (Eretz Israel) to 1948 - Part 1;" (March 15, 2016) israelarticlesdraiman.blogspot.com

5. Source
None
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
None
1. Full Date of Act
692
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Canon 11 & 99 issued by the Council of Trullo
3. Geography of Act
Present-day Italy [Provisional]
4. Text of Act

Canon 11 Let no one in the priestly order nor any layman eat the unleavened bread of the Jews, nor have any familiar intercourse with them, nor summon them in illness, nor receive medicines from them, nor bathe with them; but if anyone shall take in hand to do so, if he is a cleric, let him be deposed, but if a layman let him be cut off. Canon 99-We have further learned that, in the regions of the Armenians, certain persons boil joints of meat within the sanctuary and offer portions to the priests, distributing it after the Jewish fashion. Wherefore, that we may keep the church undefiled, we decree that it is not lawful for any priest to seize the separate portions of flesh meat from those who offer them, but they are to be content with what he that offers pleases to give them; and further we decree that such offering be made outside the church. And if any one does not thus, let him be cut off.

5. Source
“Council in Trullo.” Henry Percival. Accessed online excerpt 8/24/2011
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
None
1. Full Date of Act
693
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
“Confiscation of Jewish Property” by King Egica
3. Geography of Act
Visigothic Kingdom
4. Text of Act

Commentary from other sources: 1) King Egica forced Jews to return to his treasury all land, slaves and buildings they had bought from Christians. "Jewish Timeline - 70 (9 Av 3830) JERUSALEM (Eretz Israel) to 1948 - Part 1;" (March 15, 2016) israelarticlesdraiman.blogspot.com

5. Source
None
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
None
1. Full Date of Act
May 2, 693
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Canon 1 issued by the Sixteenth Council of Toledo
3. Geography of Act
Spain
4. Text of Act

‘Notwithstanding many writers of the ancient fathers, and promulgated laws extant, condemning the false belief of the Jews, ...they still persevere in the blindness of their obstinacy on a yet harder rock. ...that either they be converted to the faith, or if adhering to their infidelity be more severely treated, ...Namely, That all those who shall be sincerely converted, and without subterfuge faithfully keep the Catholic faith, shall remain secure in their possessions and property, and exempt from every tax they have been accustomed to pay to our sacred treasury; but such as continue in their infidelity shall pay the full amount of their customary taxation for the public benefit. …’

5. Source
“True Barbarians? : The Role of Visigothic Iberia in Medieval Persecutory Discourse.” Justin T. Dellinger. May 2010, Page 117-118. Online paper.
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
2011
8. Notes
None
1. Full Date of Act
694
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
“Jews Declared Slaves”
3. Geography of Act
Visigothic Kingdom
4. Text of Act

Commentary from other sources: 1) All Jews in Spain and the Gallic Province are declared slaves. [This decree could have been issued by either King Wittiza or his father King Egica who co-ruled in the Visigothic Kingdom during that time.] Funk & Wagnalls: Jewish Encyclopedia, Volume IV (1903)

5. Source
None
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
None
1. Full Date of Act
Nov. 9, 694
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Canon 8 issued by the Seventeenth Council of Toledo
3. Geography of Act
Spain
4. Text of Act

… and whatever duty to the public funds those Jews are known to have paid till now, their aforementioned slaves executed by our prince shall be obliged to pay in full without any excuse. Finally, those who will be granted these Jews by our oft-mentioned lord should take a written oath in the name of his Glory, that they shall not permit them in any way to celebrate or to observe the ceremonies of their rites or to follow any of the ways of their ancestral perfidy. We also resolve that their children of both sexes, from the age of seven years, should not dwell with their parents or have any association with them but that the masters who will receive them should hand them to very faithful Christians to be raised by them, in such a way that males should be married to Christian women and women, similarly, given in marriage to Christian men; and there should be absolutely no permission for the parents (as we have said), nor for their children, to preserve the ceremonies of the Jewish superstition or to follow the ways of their infidelity on any occasion whatsoever.

5. Source
Linder, Amnon: “The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages.” Page 537-538
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
None
1. Full Date of Act
722
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
“Constitutio 55” issued by Leo III
3. Geography of Act
Byzantine Empire
4. Text of Act

Commentary from other sources: 1) “Leo III required that Jews live according to the Christian rites (“ut Judaei secundum christianismi ritum vivant”) and threatened those who deviated from the Christian customs and attempted to return to their Jewish customs and teachings with apostasy.” Scherer, Johann E.: Die Rechtverhältnisse der Juden in den deutsch-österreichischen Ländern (Leipzig; 1901) p. 16

5. Source
None
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
None
1. Full Date of Act
740 C.E.
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Law issued by Archbishop of York
3. Geography of Act
England [Provisional]
4. Text of Act

“No good Christian shall break bread or eat meat with a Jew.”

5. Source
“Twelve centuries of Jewish persecution: a brief outline of the sufferings of the Hebrew race in Christian lands, together with some account of the different laws and specific restrictions under which they have ar various times been placed.” Gustav Pearlson. Page 1
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
None