Acts – Page 113 – OAJA.org

1. Full Date of Act	Dec. 14, 1810
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decree, issued by the [Austrian] Imperial-Royal Court Commission on Academics
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Austria
4. Text of Act	As it has come to pass that under the title Bne-Zion, a religious-moral textbook for the youth of the Israelite nation, has been completed and found to be adequate for its purpose, His Majesty have ordered that: 1st, this textbook shall be introduced at all Jewish schools as a mandatory book of instruction, and that all those tasked with inspecting the Jewish schools shall ensure its purpose-driven usage. 2nd, that every groom and every bride from the Israelite nation, when they apply for a wedding permit, are examined by a county official about the contents of this textbook, receiving the permit to marry only once they have passed the examination.
5. Source	Homberg, Naphtali Herz. Bne-Zion: Ein religiös-moralisches Lehrbuch für die Jugend israelitischer Nation (Bne-Zion: A Religious-Moral Textbook for the Youth of the Israelite Nation). Royal Schoolbook Printing-House: Vienna, 1812. Frontispiece.
6. Researcher	Dominik Jacobs
7. Year of Research	2020
8. Notes	Researcher Bne-Zion was a work commissioned by the Austrian government, for the instruction of Jewish students in moral and religious principles.

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 1, 1811
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Common Civil Law” issued by the Austrian Government
3. Geography of Act	Austrian Empire
4. Text of Act	Jews may not enter into a valid marriage with Christians.
5. Source	Repertorium über sämmtliche unter den Regierungen Ihrer Majestäten Josephs II, Leopolds II., und seiner jetzt regierenden Majestät Franz I. erflossenen und in dieser Gesetzsammlung enthaltenen Gesetze und Verfassungen im Justiz-Fache, vom Jahre 1780 bis Ende des Jahres 1820. (Wien; 1823); (Repertory of all laws and constitutions issued under his majesties Joseph I, Leopold II, and the current ruler, his Majesty Franz I, from 1780 to the end of 1820.); (Vienna; 1823)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 11, 1811
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decree of the Court Chancellery issued by Johann Fidelis Erggelet to the Lower-Austrian government
3. Geography of Act	Lower-Austria; Present-day Austria
4. Text of Act	[…] that is why it is important that the government proceeds with great caution when permitting the marriage between a foreign, non-tolerated Jew and a local Jewish woman, and to require an assurance that they will depart immediately after the marriage (ceremony) from here before granting them a permission.
5. Source	Braumüller, Wilhelm: Urkunden und Akten zur Geschichte der Juden in Wien. Erste Abteilung. Allgemeiner Teil 1526-1847. Zweiter Band. (Wien) 1918; p. 193-194,
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2016
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Feb. 14, 1811
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Royal Chancellery Decree” issued by the Royal Chancellery of Austria
3. Geography of Act	Austrian Empire
4. Text of Act	[…] the Viennese Jewry is ordered to secure an adequate amount [of money] for the purchasing of a functional house for the endowment of a Jewish school […]
5. Source	Politische Verfassung der Israeliten im Lande unter der Enns und insbesondere in der k. k. Haupt- und Residenzstadt Wien. J. L. E. Graf von Barth-Barthenheim. (Wien; 1821). (Political Constitution of the Israelis in the Country under/near Enns and especially in the R[oyal] I[mperial] Capital and Royal Seat of Vienna. J. L. E. Count von Barth-Barthenheim.); (Vienna; 1821)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2018
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 28, 1811
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Order of the Supreme Government concerning foreign begging Jews.
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Württemberg
4. Text of Act	§ 10. Foreign Jewish traders are completely forbidden from entering the kingdom. Foreign Jewish merchants are only permitted to pass through or visit domestic fairs if they are actually residents of foreign countries as Schußjuden (shtetl Jews) or are at least in the service of such Schußjuden and possess a special travel passport. … Additionally, it is required that they have at least 25 florins in cash or equivalent value with them, or provide a guarantee of this amount from a known local resident. The border officials to whom they present their passport must examine and explicitly note this on the passport, or if they are unable to provide the required documentation, they must be denied entry outright.
5. Source	Friedrich F. Mayer, “Sammlung der Württembergischen Gesetze in Betreff der Israeliten, [Collection of Württemberg Laws Concerning the Israelites],” Ludw. Friedr. Fueg., 1847, p. 8, available from digitale-sammlungen.de and babel.hathitrust.org.
6. Researcher	Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	Researcher This is a reprint of the Regulation concerning police measures against vagrants and other persons who endanger public safety, dated Sep. 11, 1807, and the content of these Acts is reiterated in the Order against the entry of foreign Jews into the Kingdom of Württemberg, dated Jun. 15, 1814. Translator The text of this Act is available in German in the source above. It was translated into English using chatgpt.com

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 11, 1811
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Rescript” issued by War-governor of Riga, Prince Lobanow-Rostowski
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	[… since] it is against existing regulations for Jews to remain in Riga forever under any circumstances, […] the [City] Council is to report […] why Jews are permitted to be present in Riga and to send in a register containing their names.
5. Source	Buchholz, Anton: Geschichte der Juden in Riga bis zur Begründung der Rigischen Hebräergemeinde im J. 1842. Herausgegeben von der Gesellschaft für Geschichte und Altertumskunde der Ostseeprovinzen Russlands. (History of the Jews in Riga until the foundation of the Hebrew community of Riga in the year 1842. Published by the Society for History and Antiquity of the Baltic-See provinces of Russia.); (Riga; 1899)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 20, 1811
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Royal Court Chamber Ordinance” (‘Hofkammerverordnung’) issued by the Royal Court Chamber
3. Geography of Act	Austrian Empire
4. Text of Act	[…] In Bohemia, the Jewish wholesalers are to show proof of business funds/assets of [at least] 30,000 fl.* in the cities of Prague […] the remaining wholesalers in the country, regardless of the area, are to show proof of 20,000 fl. [to receive a wholesale permit]. […] In Brno (‘Brünn’), Hradec nad Moravici (‘Grätz’) and Lviv*** (‘Lemberg’), they are to have funds/assets of [at least] 30,000 fl. […] Should wholesalers become established in Austria near Enns, [they] are to show proof of funds/assets in the amount of 20,000 fl. regardless of the area/place […].
5. Source	Handelsbuch der Handelsgesetze und des bei Anwendung derselben bei den Mercantil-Gerichten eintretenden Verfahrens, mit besonderer Rücksicht auf das Erzherzogthum Oesterreich unter der Enns. Von Christian Johann Paurnfeindt, wirklichen k. k. Rath und Referenten bei dem niederösterr. Mercantil- und Wechselgerichte; (Wien; 1836); (Trade book of commercial laws and its procedural application to the commercial/trade courts, with special consideration of the Archduchy of Austria under the Enns. By Christian Johann Paurnfeindt, real/true r[oyal] i[mperial] advisor and referent at the Lower Austrian commercial/trade and exchange court); (Vienna; 1836)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2018
8. Notes	Researcher Fl. refers to the Gulden, which was the local currency at that time. Even though the text reads “cities of Prague,” it most likely refers to Prague and the surrounding cities/towns. Grätz refers here probably to Hradec nad Moravici, a town in the Moravian-Silesian region of the Czech Republic and not to Graz, the second largest city in Austria. ** Lemberg is the German name for the city of Lviv, which is, at the date of this research, the largest city in western Ukraine.

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 21, 1811
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Building of new houses." Royal Ordinance.
3. Geography of Act	Lower-Austria; Present-day Austria
4. Text of Act	Jews are excluded from building houses in Vienna as they are not permitted to own property.
5. Source	Braumüller, Wilhelm: Urkunden und Akten zur Geschichte der Juden in Wien. Erste Abteilung. Allgemeiner Teil 1526-1847. Zweiter Band. (Wien) 1918; p. 196.
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2016
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 28, 1811
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Decree of the Royal Court Chancellery” issued by the Austrian Government
3. Geography of Act	Austrian Empire
4. Text of Act	Jews who are not able (permitted) to possess [realties] are not allowed to build new homes/houses in Vienna. […]
5. Source	Repertorium über sämmtliche unter den Regierungen Ihrer Majestäten Josephs II, Leopolds II., und seiner jetzt regierenden Majestät Franz I. erflossenen und in dieser Gesetzsammlung enthaltenen Gesetze und Verfassungen im Justiz-Fache, vom Jahre 1780 bis Ende des Jahres 1820. (Wien; 1823); (Repertory of all laws and constitutions issued under his majesties Joseph I, Leopold II, and the current ruler, his Majesty Franz I, from 1780 to the end of 1820.); (Vienna; 1823)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 30, 1811
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Ordinance” of the Royal Court Chamber (‘Hofkammer-Verordnung’) issued by the Austrian Government
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Austria
4. Text of Act	[… in order to obtain a toleration permit] the [Jewish] wholesale applicant must show proof of being the sole owner of a fund [financial portfolio] in the amount of [at least] 50,000 fl. [Gulden] Viennese currency […]
5. Source	Beyträge zur Politischen Gesetzeskunde im österreichischen Kaiserstaate. Herausgegeben von Johann Ludwig Ehrenreich (Graf von Barth-Barthenheim); Erster Band. (Wien; 1821) (Contributions to the Political Jurisprudence in the Austrian Imperial State. Volume I; Edited/Published by Johann Ludwig Ehrenreich (Count of Barth-Barthenheim)); (Vienna; 1821)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2018
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	May 5, 1811
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Peddling-Patent” ('Hausierpatent') issued by the Emperor Francis II (Franz Joseph)
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Czech Republic
4. Text of Act	[…] The Jews are prohibited to peddle new goods in Prague. […]
5. Source	Schriften des Vereins für Sozialpolitik; LXXXII; Untersuchungen über die Lage des Hausiergewerbes in Österreich; (Leibzig, 1899); (Writings/Documents of the Association of Social Policy/Social Politics; Volume 82, Investigations in Regards to […] Peddling in Austria)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2017
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	May 21, 1811
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Law on Jewish Burials,” issued by Frederick VI, King of Denmark and Norway, to the Jewish Community of Copenhagen
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Denmark
4. Text of Act	Art. 11 – No member of the funeral procession shall have any contact with the corpse itself, whereas it is the duty of the casket bearers to wash, dress and carry the corpse, etc., as instructed by the funeral director. Art. 12 – As soon as all persons belonging to the funeral procession have gathered, the funeral procession will take place in the following order: first, the hearse; following it, the casket bearers; then, the family members in deep grief; then, the funeral director, and finally, the rest. For every corpse, unless otherwise decreed, there shall be 2 to 6 casket bearers, who shall be wearing black clothes. Art. 15 – It shall be left to those in deep sorrow, to wear black or other clothes; however, in the latter case, they shall wear the usual mourning-robe. Art. 20 – Every [new] grave shall be located close to the most recently deceased member of the congregation.
5. Source	Cohen, Asser Daniel. De Mosaiske troesbekjenderes stilling i Danmark forhen og nu: historisk fremstillet i et tidsløb af naesten 200 aar, tilligemed alle lovsteder og offentlige foranstaltninger dem angaande, som ere udkomne fra 1651 til 1836. (The position of the Mosaic believers in Denmark, before and now: historically produced over a period of nearly 200 years, as well as all laws and public measures relating to the same which were published from 1651 to 1836). Forfatterens: Odense (Denmark), 1837. Page 429.
6. Researcher	Dominik Jacobs
7. Year of Research	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 11, 1811
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Governmental Instruction” issued by the Austrian Government
3. Geography of Act	Austrian Empire; Present-day Austria
4. Text of Act	[…] Since peddling is permitted to Jewish subjects according to the new peddling-patent §4 only in the manner as explicitly prescribed to/required from the other subjects [of the state], as long as no other special laws exists for them […] and since there are special ordinances for them in L[ower] A[ustria] as well as Syria which prohibit [all] Jewish subjects to be present or trade in the countryside (on the flat land) […] therefore, they are banned from all kind of peddling in the future [in these areas].
5. Source	Politische Verfassung der Israeliten im Lande unter der Enns und insbesondere in der k. k. Haupt- und Residenzstadt Wien. J. L. E. Graf von Barth-Barthenheim. (Wien; 1821). (Political Constitution of the Israelis in the Country under/near Enns and especially in the R[oyal] I[mperial] Capital and Royal Seat of Vienna. J. L. E. Count von Barth-Barthenheim.); (Vienna; 1821)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2018
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 21, 1811
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Royal Chancellery Ordinance” (‘Hofkanzleiverordnung’) issued by the Austrian Royal Chancellery
3. Geography of Act	Austrian Empire
4. Text of Act	[…] Since there exists special ordinances for Lower Austria as well as the Viennese market (‘Wienermarkt’) which prohibit Jewish subjects to be present or to trade on the flat-land/countryside, so they are also therefore to be excluded from peddling (‘Hausirhandel’). […]
5. Source	Handelsbuch der Handelsgesetze und des bei Anwendung derselben bei den Mercantil-Gerichten eintretenden Verfahrens, mit besonderer Rücksicht auf das Erzherzogthum Oesterreich unter der Enns. Von Christian Johann Paurnfeindt, wirklichen k. k. Rath und Referenten bei dem niederösterr. Mercantil- und Wechselgerichte; (Wien; 1836); (Trade book of commercial laws and its procedural application to the commercial/trade courts, with special consideration of the Archduchy of Austria under the Enns. By Christian Johann Paurnfeindt, real/true r[oyal] i[mperial] advisor and referent at the Lower Austrian commercial/trade and exchange court); (Vienna; 1836)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2018
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 5, 1811
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Decree” issued by Jérôme-Napoléon Bonaparte*
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Kingdom of Westphalia
4. Text of Act	We, Hieronymus Napoleon […] in response to the report of Our Ministry of the Interior order [the following]: Art. 1) Every settled Jews in Our Kingdom who has not registered in the synagogue-registry […] shall see to it s/he is added [to the registry …] or face punishment […] and be convicted to a fine of 2-20 francs [currency]. ... 2) Syndicates assigned with the (up)keeping of such registries that neglect to enforce the ordered registration and fail to fulfill their duties […] are to be dismissed from their office […] and sentenced to a fine 25-200 francs. 3) Jews who do not have a surname shall adopt one within 3 months […] or be sentences to one month in prison thereafter […]. 4) All Jews in a community, in which there is a synagogue, are prohibited to gather to perform their religious services anywhere but in such synagogue. […] Violators are to be fined 25-200 franks.[The Ministries of Justice and Interior are ordered to enforce the above decree.]
5. Source	Zeitung des Großherzogtums Frankfurt, Juli 1811 (Newspaper of the Grand-Duchy of Frankfurt, July 1811)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	Researcher *Jérôme-Napoléon Bonaparte, known in Germany as Hieronymus Napoleon, was the brother of Napoléon I and King of Westphalia between 1807-1813 which was a vassal state of the first French Empire.

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 15, 1811
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decree, issued by Frederick I, Duke of Württemberg
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Several district government and assessor’s offices have noted that, since the decree of October 30, 1897 allowed the Jews to purchase land for their own use, they have sought to acquire it, but not with the intention of, as expressed in the decree, building on it themselves or having someone do it for them, but merely in order to resell it, as an item of trade. In response to the question, submitted most subserviently to His Royal Majesty – whether said decree may be interpreted in such an extensive manner? – the same has decreed that His Majesty’s intention regarding the admissible purchases of land by Jews, as royal subjects, has never been anything but: 'that the Jews build on these lands themselves, or for themselves through others,' but not to purchase them as investment items, so that they may make a business out of reselling them, to the detriment of the King’s subjects. This Most Supreme resolution shall be made known to all pertinent royal authorities, so that they may focus their efforts on its enforcement.
5. Source	Mayer, F.F. (ed.). Sammlung der württembergischen Gesetze in Betreff der Israeliten (Collection of Württembergian Laws Regarding the Israelites). Fues: Tübingen, 1847. Page 8.
6. Researcher	Dominik Jacobs
7. Year of Research	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 1, 1811
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Mandate, issued by Frederick Augustus I, King of Saxony
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	If a Jew is to lend money to a Christian, he must have the Christian acknowledge receipt of the loan in court, and in front of a magistrate and his associate judges. Any loan contract shall be null and void, and a Jewish creditor shall forfeit the repayment thereof, if this requirement of recognition in court has not been met.
5. Source	“Ihro Königlichen Majestät von Sachsen etc. etc. etc. Mandat die, zu mehrer Beschränkung des jüdischen Wuchers [His Royal Majesty of Saxony etc. etc. etc. Mandate, towards the limitation of Jewish usury],” 8/1/1811; Decrees Collection; AR 379; Box 1; Folder 100; Leo Baeck Institute. .
6. Researcher	Dominik Jacobs
7. Year of Research	2019
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 6, 1811
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	General-Rescript on attendance at the annual market.
3. Geography of Act	Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe
4. Text of Act	In order to prevent the all too frequent influx of vagabonds and begging Jews to the annual fairs, it is hereby also decreed that begging Jews and all other persons who carry a very small supply of goods, perhaps only worth a few thalers, and who usually conceal a prohibited trade under this pretext, are not to be tolerated in the cities on annual fair days, and are least of all permitted to stand out with their goods or even go peddling, unless they are well-known, completely unsuspected people.
5. Source	“Schaumburg-Lippische Landesverordnungen [Schaumburg-Lippe State Regulations],” Vol. 4, Budeburg, 1837, p. 208, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher	Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	Translator The text of this Act is available in German in the source above. It was translated using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 9, 1811
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Circular on the escort duty for Jews coming from Warsaw to Galicia issued by the Government of Galicia
3. Geography of Act	Europe (multi-countries)
4. Text of Act	From now on every Jewess or Jew coming from Warsaw to Galicia may only cross the border at a border post. They have to pay when entering the following fee as an escort duty: A. any trading Jew 4 fl. 45 kr, B. any Jews staff or Jewess 3 fl. 15 kr., C. every Jewish child under 14 years 1 fl 45 kr. […]
5. Source	Edicta et Mandata Universalia Regnis Galiciae et Lodomeriae, 1811 [Universal Edicts and Mandates of the Kingdoms of Galicia and Lodomeria], page 118.
6. Researcher & Translator	Franziska Wagener
7. Year of Research & Translation	2016
8. Notes	Editor Present-day Poland and Ukraine

1. Full Date of Act	Sep. 13, 1811
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Gubernatorial Ordinance” (‘Gubernialverordnung’) issued by the Austrian Government
3. Geography of Act	Austrian Empire; Present-day Austria
4. Text of Act	Since according to the Patent of August 3, 1797, Jews who wish to get married must prove to have assets of at least 300 fl. [Gulden] on the countryside and 500 fl. [Gulden] in the city of Prague […] it is brought to the attention of the officers and the magistrate [….] that in the future, Jews applying for marriage-licenses must make sure that the betrothed also include a certificate of their assets in Viennese currency. […]
5. Source	Fortsetzung der von Johann Roth verfassten Sammlung aller in dem Königreiche Böhmen kundgemachten Gesetze und Verordnungen im alphabetischer Ordnung gereicht. Die Gesetze und Verordnungen vom Jaren 1802 bis Ende des Jahres 1818 sich fassend. Neu aufgelegt, verbessert und vermehrt durch Johann Kanka, J. U. D. und beeideten Landesadvokaten im Königreiche Böhmen. Neunter Teil. (Prag; 1821)’ (“Continuation of Johann Roth’s Collection of all Laws and Ordinances Promulgated in the Kingdom of Bohemia from 1802 until the end of 1818 inclusive. Neu edition, improved and added to/supplemented by Johann Kanka, J. D., sworn state attorney in the Kingdom of Bohemia. Ninth Volume.”)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2018
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Sep. 23, 1811
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Ordinance from the Lower-Austrian government
3. Geography of Act	Lower-Austria; Present-day Austria
4. Text of Act	Only single or married people, who do not have their families (currently) living here, are allowed to be taken on as servants by the Viennese Israelites.
5. Source	Braumüller, Wilhelm: Urkunden und Akten zur Geschichte der Juden in Wien. Erste Abteilung. Allgemeiner Teil 1526-1847. Zweiter Band. (Wien) 1918; p. 185.
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2016
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 19, 1811
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decree, issued by the Danish Chancellery to the Prefect of Sorø
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Denmark
4. Text of Act	The Jews living in Slagelse may buy a place for a cemetery, at least 1,000 cubits from the buildings of the town.
5. Source	Cohen, Asser Daniel. De Mosaiske troesbekjenderes stilling i Danmark forhen og nu: historisk fremstillet i et tidsløb af naesten 200 aar, tilligemed alle lovsteder og offentlige foranstaltninger dem angaande, som ere udkomne fra 1651 til 1836. (The position of the Mosaic believers in Denmark, before and now: historically produced over a period of nearly 200 years, as well as all laws and public measures relating to the same which were published from 1651 to 1836). Forfatterens: Odense (Denmark), 1837. Page 425.
6. Researcher	Dominik Jacobs
7. Year of Research	2020
8. Notes	Researcher 1,000 cubits are a little over a quarter-mile, or 427 meters.

1. Full Date of Act	Nov. 18, 1811
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Decree” issued by the Royal Court Police Authority (‘Polizeihofstelle-Decret’)
3. Geography of Act	Austrian Empire; Present-day Austria
4. Text of Act	[…] Foreign Jews, to which also Polish and Galician Jews belong, are to be referred to the appropriate foreign-commission (‘Fremden-Commission’) […] when they arrive at the Jewish Office (‘Judenamt’) […] to whom they are to show proof of their present business dealings. The foreign-commission, therefore, has to note the length of time during which their stay is permitted […] and then […] send back the Jew to the Jewish Office so that he can pay the [necessary] taxes. […]
5. Source	Gesetze, Verordnungen und Vorschriften für die Polizei-Verwaltung im Kaiserthume Oesterreich. Erschienen in den Jahren 1740 bis Ende 1825, und in alphabetisch-chronologischer Ordnung zusammengestellt mit vorzüglicher Rücksicht auf Nieder-Oesterreich, von Chrysostomus Fauller, k. k. Polizei-Beamten. Zweiter Band. (Wien; 1828); (Laws, Ordinances, and Regulations for the Police-Administration in the Austrian Empire. Published between the years 1740 – 1825 and Arranged in alphabetical-chronological order with special consideration to Lower Austria by Chrysostomus Fauller, r[oyal] i[mperial] Police Officials/Authorities/Officers. Second Volume.); (Vienna; 1828)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2018
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Nov. 21, 1811
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Court Chancellery decree addressed to the Lower-Austrian government
3. Geography of Act	Lower-Austria; Present-day Austria
4. Text of Act	The Lower-Austrian government is to pay strict attention in the future that the local tolerated Jews and their children are not to get married outside of Vienna without first getting permission; any violators are to be punished severely.
5. Source	Braumüller, Wilhelm: Urkunden und Akten zur Geschichte der Juden in Wien. Erste Abteilung. Allgemeiner Teil 1526-1847. Zweiter Band. (Wien) 1918; p. 194.
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2016
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Dec. 11, 1811
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Decree” issued by the Austrian Government
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Austria
4. Text of Act	[…] No Jew – much less a foreign Jew – is to be logged in/recorded* as an active business partner/share holder (‘Handlungsgesellschafter) or in any other capacity – such as procurer (‘Procura-Führer’) without having consulted with the Chief-Police Authority/Directive first. […]
5. Source	Beyträge zur Politischen Gesetzeskunde im österreichischen Kaiserstaate. Herausgegeben von Johann Ludwig Ehrenreich (Graf von Barth-Barthenheim); Erster Band. (Wien; 1821) (Contributions to the Political Jurisprudence in the Austrian Imperial State. Volume I; Edited/Published by Johann Ludwig Ehrenreich (Count of Barth-Barthenheim)); (Vienna; 1821)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2018
8. Notes	Researcher While the German text uses the word ‘protokolliren’ (to be protocoled), it most likely refers to being issued a permit in that capacity.