1. Full Date of Act | Feb. 7, 1812 |
---|---|
2. Name of Act (or Short Description) | “Court Decree” issued by the Court of Emperor Francis II (Franz Joseph II) |
3. Geography of Act | Europe (multi-countries) |
4. Text of Act | If a Jew wants to marry, the groom must be already 18 years old and the bride 15 years old. […] in order to request permission to marry, the petitioner shall present a certificate from the authorities (‘Obrigkeit’) in which 1) his assets are listed and 2) […] a confirmation is rendered that the fixed number of family-spots in his community will not be exceeded with this marriage. 3) He shall present proof of schooling (‘Schulzeugnis’) which shall be issued by the teacher from whom he has received his schooling, and if that is not possible, then his competency shall be tested in the presence of a Christian court person (‘Gerichtsperson’) 4) […] he shall present the certificate of circumcision and birth which was issued by the Rabbi of the community and was seen and confirmed by the Office of Economy (‘Wirtschaftsamt’) […]. A Rabbi who issues a false circumcision and birth certificate shall be expelled from the country. […] |
5. Source | Dr. Johnn Luksche’s, weiland kaiserl. mähr. schles. Appelationsrathes, Besondere Rechte der Personen Mährens Dr. Joh. Luksche’s, weiland kaiserl. mähr. schles. Appelationsrathes, Besondere Rechte der Personen Mährens und Schlesiens, vorzüglich in politischer Hinsicht. Zweiter Band; (Brünn, 1844); (Dr. Joh. Lutsche’s Weiland Imper[ial], Moravia[n], Silesia[n] Council of Appellations, Special Rights of Persons of Moravia and Silesia, especially in political terms. Vol. II); (Brünn; 1844) |
6. Researcher | None |
7. Year of Research |
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8. Notes |
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OAJA Acts
Page 115 of 155
1. Full Date of Act | Feb. 13, 1812 |
---|---|
2. Name of Act (or Short Description) | “Order” issued by Freiherr* von Dörnberg, Royal-General-Commissioner of the District of Retzat on behalf of his Majesty, the King of Bavaria |
3. Geography of Act | Present-day Germany; Kingdom of Bavaria |
4. Text of Act | In the name of His Majesty, the King of Bavaria […] His royal majesty have deigned to order the following via the supreme rescript of December 31 of the previous year in regards to the trade of Jews on Sundays and holidays: 1) During the high/important festivals, which include the Day of Repentance and Prayer (‘Buß- und Bettag’) and Harvest-festival, Jews are prohibited from trading with Christians; 2) On Sundays and holidays, Jews are prohibited from engaging in any kind of trade with Christians, except 2) on public markets, if such are scheduled by the local authorities on those days, and are open to Jewish traders/businessmen, b) in appropriate (legal) stores and shops wherever they may be, c) in both places and at the same time and in the same manner after church service, just as it is legally prescribed/regulated (by the police) to Christians. Especially, the selling of cattle - except on public markets is to be strictly avoided on such days. In order to preserve the dignity of Sundays and holidays, haggling (‘Schachern’) is prohibited to local and foreign Jews [on those days. […] |
5. Source | Intelligenz-Blatt des Rezat-Kreises. VIII. Stück. Ausbach, Mittwoch den February 26, 1812. (“Intelligence-[News]Paper of the District of Rezat. VIII. Piece/Part. Ansbach, Wednesday, February 26, 1812.”) |
6. Researcher | None |
7. Year of Research |
None
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8. Notes |
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1. Full Date of Act | Feb. 22, 1812 |
---|---|
2. Name of Act (or Short Description) | Ordinance, issued by Friedrich Franz, Hereditary Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin |
3. Geography of Act | Present-day Germany |
4. Text of Act | V. Resident Jews are obligated to always use German or another living language for their business ledgers, contracts and wills, under penalty of being null and void; they shall, on the other hand, never use Yiddish; and their names may not be signed in any handwriting other than German or Latin. XII. Marriages between Christians and Jews are no longer prohibited. However, the weddings of such couples must be officiated by Christian preachers, and all children produced by such marriages shall be baptized, and brought up only in the Christian religion. |
5. Source | Heinemann, Jeremiah (Ed.). Sammlung der die religiöse und bürgerliche Verfassung der Juden in den königlich Preussischen Staaten betreffenden Gesetze, Verordnungen, Gutachten, Berichte und Erkenntnisse (Collection of Laws, Ordinances, Evaluations, Reports and Findings Regarding the Religious and Civil Constitution of the Jews in the Prussian States). Heymann: Berlin, 1831. Page 508. |
6. Researcher | None |
7. Year of Research |
None
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8. Notes | None |
1. Full Date of Act | Feb. 27, 1812 |
---|---|
2. Name of Act (or Short Description) | Decree regulating the residential rights of Jews |
3. Geography of Act | Kingdom of Württemberg |
4. Text of Act | The protected Jews can only change their place of residence with royal permission. |
5. Source | Carl Georg Wächter, “Handbuch des im Königreiche Württemberg geltenden Privatrechts [Handbook of the Private Law Applicable in the Kingdom of Württemberg],” Volume 1, I. B. Mehler'schen, Stuttgart, 1839, p. 939, available from books.google.com. |
6. Researcher | None |
7. Year of Research |
None
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8. Notes |
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1. Full Date of Act | Mar. 5, 1812 |
---|---|
2. Name of Act (or Short Description) | Jew-Tax Ordinance, issued by Frederick I, King of Württemberg |
3. Geography of Act | Present-day Germany |
4. Text of Act | 1. The fees charged to Jews for their reception into the state’s protection shall benefit only the national treasury. […] 5. Protected Jews pay reception fees as follows: domestic sons of Jews, 15 guilders; foreign sons of Jews, 50 guilders; foreign Jewesses, 25 guilders […] 10. The annual protection tax is: for city Jews, 12 guilders; for village Jews, 6 guilders. […] 17. A protected Jew may only move to another town with permission from the highest authority; in such a case, the tax authorities of the new place of residence shall be notified, so that they may ensure continued payments of the annual protection tax. |
5. Source | Reyscher, August Ludwig (ed.). Vollständige, historisch und kritisch bearbeitete Sammlung der württembergischen Gesetze (Complete, Historically and Critically Edited Collection of Wurttemberg Laws). Vol. 17. Fues: Tübingen, 1839. Page 993. |
6. Researcher | None |
7. Year of Research |
None
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8. Notes | None |
1. Full Date of Act | Mar. 11, 1812 |
---|---|
2. Name of Act (or Short Description) | “Jewish Edict” issued by Fredrick William (‘Friedrich Wilhelm’) |
3. Geography of Act | Prussia |
4. Text of Act | We, Fredrick William […] have decided to grant the Jewry (Jewish coreligionists) of Our monarchy a new […] constitution, [and] declare all current laws and ordinances for Jews revoked and void by the power of this current edict, and order [instead] as follows: 2) The continuation of [such privileges] can only be permitted if the following obligations are met: that they (Jews) keep [specific] chosen family names, and that they not only maintain their trade books but also their contracts and wills in German or any other living language* and not to use any other letters (alphabet) but either German or Latin to sign [one’s name]. 3) Within 3 weeks of publication of this edict, each protected Jew […] must declare to the authorities of his place of living which family-name he wishes to take on from now on. […] 6) Those Jews, who act against §8 and §3, shall be treated as foreign Jews. […] To what [extent] - as to how Jews are to be admitted to public and state offices […] we reserve the right to decide in the future […] |
5. Source | Sammlung der im Gebiete der inneren Staats-Verwaltung des Königreichs Bayern bestehenden Verordnungen aus amtlichen Quellen geschöpft und systematisch geordnet von G. Döllinger, König. bayer. geheimen Hausarchivar und wirklichen Rath. Sechste Band; (München; 1838); (Collection of Regulations/Ordinances Existing in the Territories of the Internal State Administration of the Kingdom of Bavaria from official sources and systematically arranged by G. Döllinger, Royal Bavarian Secret House-Archivist and True Advisor; Volume VI), (Munich; 1838) |
6. Researcher | None |
7. Year of Research |
None
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8. Notes |
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1. Full Date of Act | Mar. 20, 1812 |
---|---|
2. Name of Act (or Short Description) | “Ordinance” issued by Holy Roman Emperor Francis II |
3. Geography of Act | Europe (multi-countries) |
4. Text of Act | […] Jews, who engage in trade (‘Handel’) are to immediately cease this practice; those who possess a paddling-permission (‘Hausierpass’) and a Certificate of Trading-Permission (‘Handlungslegitimazionsschein’) shall have them confiscated - without further ado - and destroyed. Moreover – it is prohibited to issue a Jew who has been permitted to farm or to engage in other work a peddling-pass or any other Certificate to pursue trade ('Handlungslegimitazionsschein'). |
5. Source | Systematische Darstellung aller über den Hausir-Handel bestehenden kaiserl. Königl. österreichischen Gesetze und Verordnungen verfaßt on Friedrich Selner (“Systematic Representation of all Imperial Royal Austrian Laws and Ordinances regarding Peddling written/compiled by Friedrich Selner”; (1847) |
6. Researcher | None |
7. Year of Research |
None
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8. Notes |
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1. Full Date of Act | Mar. 24, 1812 |
---|---|
2. Name of Act (or Short Description) | "Regulation of Jews in Prussia" Issued by King Friedrich Wilhelm of Prussia |
3. Geography of Act | Prussia |
4. Text of Act | 1) Jews are to enjoy the same rights as other citizen of Prussia, so long they take on Family names, and use either German or another living language to maintain their trade books, and to set up other legal documents and contracts; only signatures using German or Latin letters are accepted. 2) Jews are to take on Family names within six months of publication of these edicts and to report this to the local authorities, and be known by that name henceforward. 3) Jews who do not follow the regulations are to be considered foreign Jews and to be treated accordingly. 4) A foreign Jew is not given permission to remain in the country by marrying a local female Jew. 5) All Jews are to enjoy the same rights as Christians, except in Berlin where special laws pertaining to Jews remain valid. 6) Under no circumstances are Rabbis and Jewish elders to reside over judicial matters or make decision or give directions regarding guardianship. 7) Foreign Jews are not to remain in the country as long as they have not acquired a Prussian citizenship. 8) Foreign Jews are not allowed to be employed as Rabbis, church staff, runners, nor as trade or home servants. 9) Local Jews who are found in contempt of this regulation (8) are to owe the state 300 Reichsthaler; those who are not in a financial position to fulfill their obligation are to face the appropriate amount of jail time. Foreign Jews [in violation of this law] are to be escorted across the border. |
5. Source | Heinemann, Jeremias.: Sammlung der die religiösen und bürgerliche Verfassung der Juden in den königl. Preuß Staaten betreffend den Gesetze, Vervordnungen, Gutaschten, Berichte und Erkenntinisse. 1831, p. 1 pp. Accessed online. |
6. Researcher | None |
7. Year of Research |
None
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8. Notes | None |
1. Full Date of Act | Apr. 2, 1812 |
---|---|
2. Name of Act (or Short Description) | “Governmental Ordinance” issued by the Austrian Government |
3. Geography of Act | Present-day Austria |
4. Text of Act | The non-local Jews, who visit the markets in Vienna, cannot be prohibited to lease stores […] and to keep them open after the market has closed [because they have to make necessary arrangements] which cannot be denied to them without considerably restricting their right of ownership. Therefore, the watchfulness of the Royal Imperial Police (‘k. k. Polizey’) is to be aimed at making sure that -- if the stores are still open during after hours – that only necessary precautions are taken but that no trade/sale is made. […] |
5. Source | Beyträge zur Politischen Gesetzeskunde im österreichischen Kaiserstaate. Herausgegeben von Johann Ludwig Ehrenreich (Graf von Barth-Barthenheim); Erster Band. (Wien; 1821) (Contributions to the Political Jurisprudence in the Austrian Imperial State. Volume I; Edited/Published by Johann Ludwig Ehrenreich (Count of Barth-Barthenheim)) (Vienna; 1821) |
6. Researcher | None |
7. Year of Research |
None
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8. Notes | None |
1. Full Date of Act | May 4, 1812 |
---|---|
2. Name of Act (or Short Description) | “Concerning the Admission of Jews into the Community as Protected Citizens” issued by Charles I (Karl I) |
3. Geography of Act | Grand Duchy of Baden; Present-day Germany |
4. Text of Act | We Carl, by the grace of God, grand duke of Baden, Duke of Zähringen [near Freiburg], Landgrave of Rellenburg and Count of Hanau […] 2) Jews […] can become a protected citizen and only a protected citizen so long as they do not engage in emergency/crisis trade [‘Nothhandel’] and can show to own [the legally required amount of] assets […] and has acquired a properly learnt trade/craft or […] art [… and so long as they] have the necessary education in reading and writing of the legal language and arithmetic/counting. […] |
5. Source | Großherzoglich Badisches Regierungs-Blatt. Zehnter Jahrgang Nro. 1. bis 37. Mit Großherzoglich Badischem gnädigstem Privilegie. (Carlsruhe, 1812); (Governmental Gazette/[News]paper of the Grand Duchy of Baden. 10th Year. 1 to 37. With the Gracious Privilege of the Grand Duchy of Baden); (Karlsruhe; 1812) |
6. Researcher | None |
7. Year of Research |
None
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8. Notes | None |
1. Full Date of Act | Jun. 9, 1812 |
---|---|
2. Name of Act (or Short Description) | “Rescript” issued by the Prussian government |
3. Geography of Act | Kingdom of Prussia |
4. Text of Act | […] all [previously issued] privileges given to Jews, which contradict the ordinance of March 11, 1812, are rescinded. |
5. Source | Ergänzungen des Allgemeinen Landesrechts für die Preußischen Staaten enthaltend eine vollständige Zusammenstellung aller noch geltenden, das Allgemeine Landrecht abändernden, ergänzenden und erläuternden Gesetze, Verordnungen und Ministerialverfügungen nebst einem chronologischen Verzeichnisse derselben und Register herausgegeben von Friedrich Heinrich von Strombeck, königlich Preußischem Geheimen Justiz- und Oberlandesgerichts-Raths. Dritte, sehr vermehrte und verbesserte Ausgabe. Zweyter Band. (Addenda of the common state laws for the Prussian states, [which] contains a complete complication of all still valid/applicable laws, and ones that amend common state laws, supplementary and explanatory laws, ordinances and ministerial decrees as well as a chronological list of these and a registers edited by Friedrich Heinrich von Strombeck, royal Prussian Secret Council of the Justice- and Higher State Court. Third and greatly augmented and improved issue. Second Volume); (Leipzig; 1829) |
6. Researcher | None |
7. Year of Research |
None
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8. Notes | None |
1. Full Date of Act | Jun. 10, 1812 |
---|---|
2. Name of Act (or Short Description) | Marriage Regulations for the Imperial and Royal Army |
3. Geography of Act | Austrian Empire |
4. Text of Act | §. 39. Soldiers of the Jewish religion cannot be granted permission to marry in any way; even if a Jew who is already married has been enlisted as a soldier and brings his wife to the regiment, he is to be sent back to his homeland, where he must support himself. |
5. Source | Franz Tobias Herzog, “Sammlung der Gesetze über das Politische Domicil im Kaiserthume Österreich [Collection of Laws on Political Domicile in the Austrian Empire],” Anton Edlen von Schmid, Vienna, 1837, pp. 44-45, available from archive.org. |
6. Researcher | None |
7. Year of Research |
None
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8. Notes |
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1. Full Date of Act | Jun. 10, 1812 |
---|---|
2. Name of Act (or Short Description) | “Special Marriage Law for Jews in Austria” by the Austrian government |
3. Geography of Act | Austria |
4. Text of Act | Soldiers of the Jewish faith (religion) cannot be permitted to get married in any way. Even, when an already married soldier is accepted and brings his wife along to the regiment, she is to be turned back to her homeland where she has to make a living on her own. |
5. Source | Braumüller, Wilhelm: Urkunden und Akten zur Geschichte der Juden in Wien. Erste Abteilung. Allgemeiner Teil 1526-1847. Zweiter Band. (Wien) 1918; p. 227-228. |
6. Researcher | None |
7. Year of Research |
None
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8. Notes | None |
1. Full Date of Act | Jun. 25, 1812 |
---|---|
2. Name of Act (or Short Description) | "Instructions Regarding the Execution of the Edict of March 11, 1812" issued by Royal Prussian Government |
3. Geography of Act | Prussia |
4. Text of Act | I 1) A complete list of all resident Jews are to be compiled by the local police ... 6) Although the choice of a family name is generally left for the heads of the families to decide, the government retains the right to decline certain names when deemed appropriate and request the acceptance of another name. ... II ... 1) Jews who are traveling through the country and those who want to do business in the country have to be distinguished from each other and local authorities have to mind the following: a) No Jew is to be be allowed into the country who does not posses a valid passport made out by his local authorities containing his name, his profession and the reason for traveling. ... 3) Foreign Jews who do not enjoy the same citizenship rights in their fatherland are only allowed to purchase Prussian products and to sell only products that are available in their home country - and only on open markets and on large trading venues. All other professions and trades - especially detail trading and peddling as well as commission based or freight-forwarding businesses are strictly forbidden. |
5. Source | Heinemann, Jeremias.: Sammlung der religiösen und bürgerliche Verfassung der Juden in den königl. Preuß Staaten betreffend den Gesetze, Vervordnungen, Gutaschten, Berichte und Erkenntinisse, 1831, Pages 6-13. |
6. Researcher | None |
7. Year of Research |
None
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8. Notes | None |
1. Full Date of Act | Jun. 28, 1812 |
---|---|
2. Name of Act (or Short Description) | “Highest Decision” issued Emperor Francis I (Franz) and published by the Royal General-Commissionaire of the District of Retzat |
3. Geography of Act | Austrian Empire; Present-day Austria |
4. Text of Act | In the Name of His Majesty the King of Bavaria. […] The extension/cessation of a Jewish family occurs […] when the head of the family, to whom the letter of protection [residency permit] was issued […] dies, or if it (Jew) is unable to continue the business due to age or frailty or disability and quits altogether. In either case, the protection (permit) can not only be transferred to one of the children, or a relative, but also to any other kind of […] Jewish individual, if he proves to be qualified for such a business according to the estimation/discretion and decision of the Royal General-Commissionaire. […] |
5. Source | Intelligenzblatt des Rezat-Kreises. I. Stück. Ansbach, Mittwoch den 8. Januar 1812 (“Intelligence-Paper of the District of Razat. 1. Piece. Ansbach (City), Wednesday January 8, 1812”) |
6. Researcher | None |
7. Year of Research |
None
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8. Notes | None |
1. Full Date of Act | Aug. 1, 1812 |
---|---|
2. Name of Act (or Short Description) | "The Admission of Complete Lists of Jews Currently Present in the Country" Issued by the Royal Prussian Government of Pomerania |
3. Geography of Act | Prussia / Present-day Germany |
4. Text of Act | For the purpose of executing the edict from March 11 of this year, regarding the civil rights of Jews in the Kingdom of Prussia, all Jews are required to get registered within 6 weeks (between August 1 and September 12). All heads of Jewish families in cities are called to register either the Chief of Police or with the municipal authorities. Jews living on the land are to register with county districts administrators [Kreis-Landräthen]. Those who fail to do this will be presumed to have forfeited their rights as citizens. All Jewish fathers are called to consider this a notice to follow. |
5. Source | Heinemann, Jeremias.: Sammlung der religiösen und bürgerliche Verfassung der Juden in den königl. Preuß Staaten betreffend den Gesetze, Vervordnungen, Gutaschten, Berichte und Erkenntinisse. 1831; p 15 ff. |
6. Researcher | None |
7. Year of Research |
None
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8. Notes | None |
1. Full Date of Act | Aug. 8, 1812 |
---|---|
2. Name of Act (or Short Description) | "Family Names of Jews" issued by the Prussian Government |
3. Geography of Act | Prussia |
4. Text of Act | According to the edict of March 11, 1812, all Jews are required to pick and keep Family names and to make them publicly know. They are also required to maintain all legal and trade documents in either the German or any other living language and to only make use of the German or Latin alphabet. In addition, the following is to be made official to people of Jewish faiths: 2) The decision to grant citizenship is left to the local authorities. All Jews are to report to their local police authorities where they reside legally as of March 24, 1812. Those who are not present in their place of residency are allowed to report to the nearest police station which is required to send the report to the police station where he is resident. This is to be done quickly, so that the protocol reaches the local authorities by September 24 of the same year. 3) Registration has to commence immediately and be finished by September 24, 1812. It's the duty of each head of a family to report to their local station without being prompted in that time. Those who fail to do so, are assumed to have abdicated their rights for citizenship. 5) Jew are allowed to chose their own family names; however, the government reservers the right to turn down a name a request that another be chosen instead. Only heads of families [as defined earlier] are allowed to chose family names; all other family members have to accept and carry that name from now on. 6) This register determines which Jews are considered a citizen - namely: a) if they have proven their residency according to the outlines of the edict and if there were no objections. b) if they have registered with the local police authorities. c) if they have taken on a permanent family name within the 6 months - as dictated by edict. d) if they are not known for using a language other than German or other living language to maintain their legal documents or for using another alphabet other than German or Latin. 8) Each autonomous Jew is required to produce a credible certificate proving their citizenship when requested. 9) In order to ensure proof of residency, all Jews who consider themselves to be legal Prussian citizens, are required to report birth, wedding, divorces and deaths to the local authorities - within 24 hours in cities and 3 days in rural areas. |
5. Source | Heinemann, Jeremias.: Sammlung der die religiösen und bürgerliche Verfassung der Juden in den königl. Preuß Staaten betreffend den Gesetze, Vervordnungen, Gutaschten, Berichte und Erkenntinisse, 1831, Page 16-22. |
6. Researcher | None |
7. Year of Research |
None
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8. Notes | None |
1. Full Date of Act | Dec. 7, 1812 |
---|---|
2. Name of Act (or Short Description) | “Order” issued by Emperor Francis I (Franz) and published by the Royal General-Commissionaire of the District of Retzat |
3. Geography of Act | Austrian Empire; Present-day Austria |
4. Text of Act | In the Name of His Majesty the King of Bavaria. [… orders that] 1) The Israeli youth are to be stopped and required to attend workday/weekday as well as holiday schools (‘Werk- und Feyertagsschule’) without exception starting January 1, 1813 […] and [authorities shall make use] of penalties for absence [absentees] in regards to this ordinance. […] |
5. Source | Intelligenzblatt des Rezat-Kreises. I. Stück. Ansbach, Mittwoch den 8. Januar 1812 (“Intelligence-Paper of the District of Razat. 1. Piece. Ansbach (City), Wednesday January 8, 1812”) |
6. Researcher | None |
7. Year of Research |
None
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8. Notes | None |
1. Full Date of Act | Jan. 11, 1813 |
---|---|
2. Name of Act (or Short Description) | “Decree” issued by the Austrian Royal Court |
3. Geography of Act | Austrian Empire |
4. Text of Act | Jews cannot get married without the permission of the local authorities (‘Landesstelle’) […], nor attain a legal divorce [without a permission from the authorities.] |
5. Source | Repertorium über sämmtliche unter den Regierungen Ihrer Majestäten Josephs II, Leopolds II., und seiner jetzt regierenden Majestät Franz I. erflossenen und in dieser Gesetzsammlung enthaltenen Gesetze und Verfassungen im Justiz-Fache, vom Jahre 1780 bis Ende des Jahres 1820. (Wien; 1823); (Repertory of all laws and constitutions issued under his majesties Joseph I, Leopold II, and the current ruler, his Majesty Franz I, from 1780 to the end of 1820.); (Vienna; 1823) |
6. Researcher | None |
7. Year of Research |
None
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8. Notes | None |
1. Full Date of Act | Jan. 19, 1813 |
---|---|
2. Name of Act (or Short Description) | Royal “Fine for Truancy” Decree, issued by the Danish Chancellery to the Copenhagen Chief of Police and the Magistrate at Copenhagen |
3. Geography of Act | Present-day Denmark |
4. Text of Act | Since the Jewish congregation is so small that it can easily be overlooked, We hereby, until a decree on a reorganization of the elementary school system is promulgated here in the city, most firmly decree that Jewish parents, to be named by the representatives or the directors of the Jewish Free School, shall be admonished that if they allow any of their children who are over 6 years old to neglect their school education, either in one of the schools authorized here in the city, or in the Jewish school, and if these parents cannot prove that their children receive appropriate education at home, they shall be subjected to repeated fines of 10 imperial thalers for each contravention; this fine shall be doubled, if it is also discovered that the parents allow their children to go and play truant. |
5. Source | Cohen, Asser Daniel. De Mosaiske troesbekjenderes stilling i Danmark forhen og nu: historisk fremstillet i et tidsløb af naesten 200 aar, tilligemed alle lovsteder og offentlige foranstaltninger dem angaande, som ere udkomne fra 1651 til 1836. (The position of the Mosaic believers in Denmark, before and now: historically produced over a period of nearly 200 years, as well as all laws and public measures relating to the same which were published from 1651 to 1836). Forfatterens: Odense (Denmark), 1837. Page 316. |
6. Researcher | None |
7. Year of Research |
None
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8. Notes | None |
1. Full Date of Act | Feb. 18, 1813 |
---|---|
2. Name of Act (or Short Description) | “Governmental Circular” issued by the Austrian Government |
3. Geography of Act | Present-day Austria |
4. Text of Act | […] In places, where Jews are not tolerated, they shall remain excluded from the [perishable] food trade (‘Victualien-Handel’)* […] |
5. Source | Beyträge zur Politischen Gesetzeskunde im österreichischen Kaiserstaate. Herausgegeben von Johann Ludwig Ehrenreich (Graf von Barth-Barthenheim); Erster Band. (Wien; 1821) (Contributions to the Political Jurisprudence in the Austrian Imperial State. Volume I; Edited/Published by Johann Ludwig Ehrenreich (Count of Barth-Barthenheim)); (Vienna; 1821) |
6. Researcher | None |
7. Year of Research |
None
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8. Notes |
|
1. Full Date of Act | Mar. 11, 1813 |
---|---|
2. Name of Act (or Short Description) | “Court Decree” issued by the Court of Emperor Francis II (Franz Joseph II) |
3. Geography of Act | Europe (multi-countries) |
4. Text of Act | […] Each Jew who wants to wed must be tested beforehand from the Religious textbook Bne Zion. […]. He shall also present the permission of the County Office (‘Kreisamt’) […] If the communities of the betrothed are in different districts, each person has to receive the approval of the County Office (‘Kreisamt’) to which he belongs. […] |
5. Source | Dr. Johnn Luksche’s, weiland kaiserl. mähr. schles. Appelationsrathes, Besondere Rechte der Personen Mährens Dr. Joh. Luksche’s, weiland kaiserl. mähr. schles. Appelationsrathes, Besondere Rechte der Personen Mährens und Schlesiens, vorzüglich in politischer Hinsicht. Zweiter Band; (Brünn, 1844); (Dr. Joh. Lutsche’s Weiland Imper[ial], Moravia[n], Silesia[n] Council of Appellations, Special Rights of Persons of Moravia and Silesia, especially in political terms. Vol. II); (Brünn; 1844) |
6. Researcher | None |
7. Year of Research |
None
|
8. Notes |
|
1. Full Date of Act | Mar. 13, 1813 |
---|---|
2. Name of Act (or Short Description) | “Prohibition” by the Austrian government |
3. Geography of Act | Lower-Austria; Present-day Austria |
4. Text of Act | […] Jews are to be excluded from purchasing or selling any food items. |
5. Source | Braumüller, Wilhelm: Urkunden und Akten zur Geschichte der Juden in Wien. Erste Abteilung. Allgemeiner Teil 1526-1847. Zweiter Band. (Wien) 1918; p. 220. |
6. Researcher | None |
7. Year of Research |
None
|
8. Notes | None |
1. Full Date of Act | Mar. 14, 1813 |
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2. Name of Act (or Short Description) | Decree, issued by the government of Denmark |
3. Geography of Act | Present-day Denmark |
4. Text of Act | 3. All business documents of confessors of the Mosaic religion must be written in German or Danish. 9. Synagogues shall not be established without permission by the King. 19. Foreign Jews may only stay in Denmark temporarily, for 14 days; any longer stay needs special permission by the local authorities. |
5. Source | Jost, Isaak Markus. Geschichte der Israeliten seit der Zeit der Maccabäer bis auf unsre Tage: Neuere Geschichte der Israeliten von 1815 bis 1845; 2. Die Staaten und Länder außer Deutschland: mit Nachträgen und Berichtigungen zur älteren Geschichte, Band 10, Teil 2 (History of the Israelites from the time of the Maccabees to our present days: Recent history of the Israelites from 1815 until 1845; 2. The states and and countries other than Germany: with appendices and corrections of older history, Vol. 10, Part 2). Schlesinger: Berlin, 1847. Page 7. |
6. Researcher | None |
7. Year of Research |
None
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8. Notes | None |
1. Full Date of Act | Jun. 10, 1813 |
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2. Name of Act (or Short Description) | Edict issued by Kingdom of Bavaria |
3. Geography of Act | Germany |
4. Text of Act | The Jewish Decree of 1813…Edict Concerning the Conditions of Members of the Jewish Religion in the Kingdom of Bavaria…Art. 1 Only those Jewish coreligionists who have legally received the right of residence in Our states [sic] can acquire the civic rights and privileges set forth in this Edict. Art. 2 Registration in the Jewish Lists to be opened in our police offices is a prerequisite for the enjoyment of such rights and privileges. Art. 3 For that purpose, all Jews presently in our Kingdom must report within three months of the publication of this Edict at the police office of their place of residence ... Art. 4 The police office shall check the residence documentation against Our earlier Edicts and Declarations…and, if found valid, shall require of [each] Jew a declaration (1) whether he will accept a family name if he does not have one yet, and, [if he does], which [name], and (2) whether he will take the oath of loyalty as stated in the Constitution…Art. 6 The police office shall submit the declarations thus given to the General Commissariat, which will decide whether the Jew is suitable for inclusion in the [Jewish] roll. Art. 7 If the General Commissariat finds the Jew eligible for inclusion in the roll, [the Jew] must swear the oath of loyalty prescribed above on the Bible, whereupon his admission to the roll occurs, and he will receive an excerpt [of this] for his own legitimation, [and this] will replace for him and his descendents the previous letters of protection…Art. 8 The roll must contain the old and the new names of Jewish families ...Art. 9 The Jew is required to use the new name registered in the roll in all of his dealings. Art. 10 Those Jews who, within three months, either 1. do not submit their document of admittance, or refuse 2. to accept a family name, or 3. to take the oath of loyalty, shall be treated henceforth simply as foreign Jews. Art. 11 Any immigration and settlement of foreign Jews in the kingdom is strictly prohibited. Art. 12 The number of Jewish families in communities where they presently reside ought, as a rule, not be increased, but should, on the contrary, be gradually diminished if it is too large. Art. 13 Settlement in excess in communities where Jews already live, or settlement in areas where there are as yet no Jews, can be permitted only by the highest authority…Art. 21 All Jewish corporations still existing in the kingdom are to be dissolved, ...The dissolution shall be effective within six months after publication of this Edict…Art. 22 The Jews living in the various parts of the kingdom…do not form separate Jewish communities but, in community affairs, join the Christian inhabitants of the area with whom they will form only one community. They share with the other inhabitants the rights and obligations of the community, with the exception that Jews engaged in irregular commercial activity have no right to use and no share in the community lands of the places where they live…Art. 25 Where they do not form a congregation, they are restricted to private worship at home, …Where there is a synagogue, no one other than the rabbi or an authorized substitute is allowed to perform religious functions…Art. 27 A Jew nominated as rabbi or as substitute must (a) be registered as a royal subject in the roll, (b) have command of the German language and in general have a scholarly education, (c) be without the blemish of usury or of fraudulent bankruptcy and otherwise lead a good and moral life…The Jews living in Our realm will gratefully perceive in these regulations a demonstration of Our concern extending to the welfare of all Our subjects, because all of the police offices will have to work strenuously so that this ordinance may be fully implemented, for which reason we have had this brought to public attention through the official gazette. Munich, 10 June 1813. |
5. Source | “The People speak!: Anti-semitism and emancipation in nineteenth-century Bavaria.” James F. Harris, Appendix A; Pg 241 |
6. Researcher | None |
7. Year of Research |
None
|
8. Notes | None |