Acts – Page 12 – OAJA.org

1. Full Date of Act	1144 C.E.
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Edict of Louis VII, King of France
3. Geography of Act	Present-day France [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	“It has come to our attention that certain Jews, having converted to the Christian faith, deny it, instigated by the Devil, and have returned to Judaism; recognizing that this is a disgrace to the name of Christ and vehemently contemptuous of the Christian religion, such presumption being hurtful to the realm, we issue a decree to prohibit it. Therefore we decree and we sanction by the authority of the king, that whosoever among the Jews, successively having been reborn in Christ through the grace of baptism, should presume to return to his ancient error, may not dare remain anywhere in our kingdom, and should they be captured, either be condemned to death, or be punished by dismemberment.”
5. Source	Tardif, Jules, and Archives Nationales (France). Monuments Historiques (Cartons Des Rois, 528-1789) (Historical Monuments (Royal Cartons, 528-1789)). Paris: J. Cayce, 1866. Page 256, Item 470.
6. Researcher	Dominik Jacobs
7. Year of Research	2019
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1145
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Papal Bull” issued by Eugenius III
3. Geography of Act	Papal States
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) Pope Eugenius orders Jews to remit interest on debts of Crusaders while absent. Jewish Encyclopedia: The Popes; jewishencyclopedia.com
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1146
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Persecution of Jews”
3. Geography of Act	Almohad Empire
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) Beginning of Jewish persecution in Almohad in northern Africa and Southern Spain; Jews flee or pretend to accept Islam. [The persecution could have been ordered by Caliph Abd al-Mu’min.] Funk & Wagnalls: Jewish Encyclopedia, Volume IV (1903)
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1148
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Restriction on Jews”
3. Geography of Act	Almohad Caliphate
4. Text of Act	Commentary from Other Sources: 1) Only Jews who had converted to Christianity or Islam were allowed to live in Granada. Avraham, Yerachmiel Ben: All in the Name of Jesus: The Murder of Millions (2016)
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1150
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Matisconensian Council
3. Geography of Act	Holy Roman Empire [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	"We decree that no Christian slave may serve a Jew."
5. Source	Decretum Gratiani, Pars I, Distinctio LIV, Can. XVIII,
6. Researcher & Translator	Joan Paez
7. Year of Research & Translation	2015
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1150 C.E.
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	The Tolletanean Council
3. Geography of Act	Holy Roman Empire [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	"If after the Jew has been baptized, he should transgress against Christ, he must be condemned..."
5. Source	Decretum Gratiani, Pars II, Causa I, Questio IV, Can. VII,
6. Researcher & Translator	Joan Paez
7. Year of Research & Translation	2015
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1153
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Henry II Tallages on Jews
3. Geography of Act	England
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "The Jews had prospered since they had immigrated to England, but the reign of Henry II was, despite the introduction of tallages (taxes) on Jews, a particularly good one for them." Langham, Raphael: The Jews in Britain: A chronology, p. 9
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1156
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Persecution of Jews”
3. Geography of Act	Khwarazmian Dynasty
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) Jews of Persia are persecuted on the account of pseudo Messia David Alroy. [The persecution could have followed a decree issued by Shah Il-Arslan “The Lion” (Taj ad-Dunya wa ad-Din Abul-Fath Il-Arslan ibn Atsiz).] Funk & Wagnalls: Jewish Encyclopedia, Volume IV (1903)
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 6, 1157
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Privilege for the Jews of Worms and Other Members” (“Judeis de Wormacla et ceteris sodlibus”) issued by Holy Roman Emperor Friedrich Barbrossa
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	[…] We proclaim […] since we care for all the Jews who are in Our kingdom […] and are Our prerogative and belong to the imperial chamber […that they] are part of Our Chamber’s Affairs ('ad cameram nostram attineat') […] Their inherited movable and immovable belongings are to be protected […] Jews are permitted to exchange money anywhere in the city except in front of the Mint (Coin House) and other exchange facilities […] They are permitted to trade freely in all of the empire without having to pay a toll […] they are to be freed from billeting and [other] services of the royal army/warefare […] If stolen items are to be found in their possession, they must disclose the amount which they have paid for it under oath […] the original owner of the item can get back his property from the Jew by paying this amount […] The forced baptism of Jewish children is strictly prohibited and will be punished severely; if however, a Jew wishes to be baptized voluntarily, he must wait (delay this) for three days […] when converting to the Christian faith, he loses the right to his inheritance […] If someone takes away a Jew’s pagan servants under the pretext of wanting to [baptize] them, he should be punished and the servants returned to the Jew. […] Jews are permitted to keep/have Christian maids and wet-nurses and they may hire Christian employees […] however, they are prohibited from purchasing servants. […]
5. Source	Appelt, von Heinrich: Die Urkunden Friedrichs I., Teil 1: 1152-1158 (The Official Documents of Fredrick I., Part 1: 1152-1158); (Hannover; 1975);
6. Researcher	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research	2018
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1165
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Forced Conversion of Jews,” 1165
3. Geography of Act	Yemen
4. Text of Act	Commentary from Other Sources: 1) Jews forced to convert in Yemen. Avraham, Yerachmiel Ben: All in the Name of Jesus: The Murder of Millions (2016)
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1169
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decretal V, vi. c. IV
3. Geography of Act	Holy Roman Empire [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	"On Good Friday, Jews may not keep their doors or windows open"
5. Source	Corpus Juris Canonici, decretal V, vi, c. iv
6. Researcher & Translator	Joan Paez
7. Year of Research & Translation	2016
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1171
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Expulsion of Jews”
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Italy
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “Jews are expelled from Bologna.” Graetz, Heinrich: History of the Jews, Volume 3; (Philadelphia; 1894); Cosman, Madeline and Linda Jones: handbook to Life in the Medieval World; (New York; 2008)
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1172
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Persecution of Jews” by Sultan Saladin
3. Geography of Act	Ayyubid Dynasty
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “Persecution of the Jews of Yemen.” [Shortly after Queen Arwa's death, the country was split between five competing petty dynasties along religious lines.] Funk & Wagnalls: Jewish Encyclopedia, Volume IV (1903) wikipedia.org
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1174
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Jews Excluded from Public Offices” issued by Sultan Nur ad-Din Mahmud
3. Geography of Act	Seljuk Empire
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) Sultan Nureddin Mahmud removes all Jews of Syria and Egypt from public offices. Funk & Wagnalls: Jewish Encyclopedia, Volume IV (1903)
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 1, 1176
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Law “Fuero of Teruel” issued by Alfonso II
3. Geography of Act	Spain
4. Text of Act	... [568]: Of a Jew, who has no share in his compensation for injury (caloña): But it should be known that the Jew does not have any part of his caloña, whether for injury or death, for it is entirely the Lord King's. For the Jews are siervos [serfs or slaves] of the Lord King and always assigned to the royal treasury....
5. Source	“Medieval Sourcebook: Jews and Christians in Terue: The Fuero of Teruel, 1176 CE.” Paul Halsall. September 1999, Accessed online.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	2011
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1177
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Burial Grounds for Jews Around 1177
3. Geography of Act	England
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "Jews of England had had to use the burial ground in London, but in 1177 were permitted to purchase burial grounds outside any city where they lived." Langham, Raphael: The Jews in Britain: A chronology, p. 11
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1178
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Rhine-Franken Peace Treaty" Issued by the Friedrich I
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "Kaiser Friedrich I could […] considers the local Jews to "belong to his chamber" and to be under his direct protection in the "Rhine-Franken Peace treaty." Demel, Michael: Gebrochene Normalität, S. 51
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 2, 1178
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Frederick I
3. Geography of Act	Holy Roman Empire; Present-day France
4. Text of Act	Frederick I (‘Friedrich’) places the Jews of Avignon under the jurisdiction of Bishop Paulus.
5. Source	Regesten zur Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland während des Mittelalters. Bearbeitet von Dr. M. Wiener. Erster Teil. (Regesta regarding the history of Jews in Germany during the Middle Ages. First Part.); (Hannover; 1862)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Latin text.

1. Full Date of Act	1179
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Leges Edwardi (Laws of Edward) - Decree XXV concerning the Jews" issued by Edward the Confessor
3. Geography of Act	Angevin England [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	"It should be know that all Jews, wheresoever in the realm they be, ought to be under the guard and protection of the king's liege. Nor ought any of them place himself under any rich man without the king's licence [license]; because the Jews themselves and all theirs belong to the king. And if any detain them or their money, let the king, if he will and can, ask it back as if it were his own." "
5. Source	Jacobs, Joseph: The Jews of Angevin England: Documents and Record from Latin and Hebrew Sources; (London; 1893)
6. Researcher	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research	2016
8. Notes	Researcher Exact date is unknown.

1. Full Date of Act	Sep. 17, 1179
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Canon 26 issued by the Third Lateran Council
3. Geography of Act	England
4. Text of Act	[Canon] 26. Jews and Saracens are not to be allowed to have Christian servants in their houses, either under pretence of nourishing their children or for service or any other reason. Let those be excommunicated who presume to live with them. We declare that the evidence of Christians is to be accepted against Jews in every case, since Jews employ their own witnesses against Christians, and that those who prefer Jews to Christians in this matter are to lie under anathema, since Jews ought to be subject to Christians and to be supported by them on grounds of humanity alone. If any by the inspiration of God are converted to the Christian faith, they are in no way to be excluded from their possessions, since the condition of converts ought to be better than before their conversion. If this is not done, we enjoin on the princes and rulers of these places, under penalty of excommunication, the duty to restore fully to these converts the share of their inheritance and goods.
5. Source	“Third Lateran Council-1179 A.D.” Norman P. Tanner, Accessed online.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	2011
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1180
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Imprisonment of Jews for Ransom” order issued by Philip Augustus
3. Geography of Act	France
4. Text of Act	Commentary from Other Sources: 1) After four months in power, Philip Augustus imprisons all the Jews in his lands and demands a ransom for their release. Avraham, Yerachmiel Ben: All in the Name of Jesus: The Murder of Millions (2016)
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1181
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	The Assize of Arms (1181)
3. Geography of Act	England [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	"Clause 7 Item, let no Jew keep in his possession a hauberk or an ‘aubergel’, but let him sell them or give them away or otherwise dispose of them that they may remain in the king’s service."
5. Source	David C. Douglas and George W. Greenaway, eds., English Historical Documents (London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1953), II, 416-17 Accessed 5/2015
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 1182
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Edict of expulsion issued by King Philip Augustus
3. Geography of Act	Present-day France [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	...all Jews should be expelled by the next feast of St. John the Baptist.
5. Source	Jacobs, English History by Contemporary Writers: The Jews of Angevin England (1893): 75-6
6. Researcher & Translator	Joan Paez
7. Year of Research & Translation	2016
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1189
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Order issued by King Philip Augustus
3. Geography of Act	France
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “His [King Philip Augustus of France] contribution to the Third Crusade (1189), preached at this time was a cancellation of debts owed to Jews.” Flannery, Edward H.: “The Anguish of the Jews.” p. 101
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1190
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Jews expelled from Edmondsbury Around 1190
3. Geography of Act	England
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) Jews expelled from Edmondsbury Around 1190 Joseph Jacobs: The Jews of Angevin England, p. 141
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None