Acts – Page 126 – OAJA.org

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 1, 1833
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Ordinance Regarding Jewish Affairs in the Grand Duchy of Posen,” issued by the government of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	28. The tolerated Jews may receive naturalization patents, as long as they can document the qualifications prescribed by Sections 17 and 18.
5. Source	Zander, C. (ed.). Handbuch, enthaltend die sämmtlichen Bestimmungen über die Verhältnisse der Juden im Preussischen Staate (Handbook Containing All Regulations of the Affairs of Jews in the State of Prussia). Scholtze: Leipzig, 1881. Page 104.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher Sections 17 and 18 of the ordinance called for a “spotless record,” using only German in public life and business, adopting a name from a list of government-sanctioned “Jew-names,” having lived in Posen since 1815, and various proofs of industry and/or wealth.

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 4, 1833
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Rescript” issued by Ludwig I of Bavaria
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Bavaria; Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Jews may only be permitted to attend public goods/commodity auctions (‘Güterversteigerung’); only legal/court ordered […] or official auctions are to be understood to be public auctions which are either executed [over] by the courts or presided over due to the request of a party; […]
5. Source	Repertorium über die in den Intelligenzblättern für den vormaligen Regenskreis, nun von der Oberpfalz und von Regensburg, vom Jahre 1814 bis 1814 inclusive erschienenen allerhöchsten königlichen Verordnungen, Ministerial Reskripte, Regierungs- und Appelationsgerichts-Entschließungen und Ausschreibungen, Bekanntmachungen und Nachrichten von allgemeinem und besonderem Intresse […] in alphabetisch-chronologischer Ordnung und imAuszuge ihres wesentlichen Inhaltes hergestellt von Mathias Stangl; (München, 1842); (Official District Gazettes; Repertorium regarding all Issued Intelligence Reports of the former Regenkreis - now Upper-Palatinate and Regensburg - from 1814-1841 (included) of the Supreme Royal Ordinances, Ministerial Edicts, Government and Appeal Courts, Decisions and Renderings, Announcements and News of General and Special Interest in Alphabetic-Chronological Order and Their Most Essential Content. Produced by Mathias Stangl, Royal Assessor of the District Court for Roding in the Upper Palatinate.); (Munich; 1842);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher This royal rescript was reissued/made public by the government on July 25, 1833.

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 27, 1833
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Gubernium-Decree” (Gubernial Dekret’)* addressed the Jewish College Admissions Director (‘jüdische Studiendirektorat’)
3. Geography of Act	Crown-lands of the Austrian Empire
4. Text of Act	[Regarding] The treatment of Jews who attend lectures on canon law; prohibition to admit them to any exams and [regarding] the issuance of certificate of attendance to them (Jews). As a follow up to the Gubernium-Decree from September 19, 1820 (# 47503) which was announced via the College-Commissions-Decree of August 27, 1820 (# 5814) regarding the attendance of lectures on canon law by Jews it is referred to the supreme decision of February 28 of the same year in which it says: Jews, who take advantage of My permission of August 21, 1820, to attend lectures on canon law, are neither to be allowed to be [officially] examined (in the subject) nor to be permitted to partake in public or private end-of-semester exams. Also, the prohibition to issue attendance certificate for attendees of such lectures is still valid.
5. Source	Provincial-Gesetzsammlung des Königreichs Böhmen für das Jahr 1833. Herausgegeben auf allerhöchsten Befehl under der Aufsicht des k. k. böhmischen Landesguberniums. Fünfzehnter Band, welcher die Verordnungen vom 1. Jänner bis letzten Dezember 1833 enthält. (Prag; 1834); (Provincial Collection of Laws of the Kingdom of Bohemia for the year 1833. Published according to a supreme order under the supervision of the r[oyal] i[mperial] Bohemian Gubernium. Fifteenth Volume, which contains the ordinances from January 1 until the last day of December 1833.); (Prague; 1834)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher *A Gubernium was the political administration of a provincial district in and around Austria, Germany, and what was once known as Bohemia etc.

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 28, 1833
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Order, issued by the Interior and Police Ministry of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Where permission to settle elsewhere is sought by members of the Mosaic faith from the Grand Duchy of Posen, the petitioner shall be directed to produce documentation of obtaining citizenship in the desired province, as well as details of his exit from the Jewish synagogue-corporation, to which he belonged until now. Those Jews from Posen who are not eligible for naturalization there, shall be barred from obtaining citizenship here [i.e., in Prussia proper], as well.
5. Source	Kletke. M.G. (ed.). Organisation des Judenwesens in Großherzogthum Posen (Organization of Jewish Affairs in the Grand Duchy of Posen). Heymann: Berlin, 1843. Page 51.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Sep. 24, 1833
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“General-Order” (‘General-Befehl’) issued by Augustus III of Poland*
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Electorate of Saxony
4. Text of Act	[We, Frederick August, King [of Poland] and Prince-Elector [of Saxony … have been asked by the head of the Jewry, Bernd Lehmann, to exempt beggar-Jews, Rabbis, wives and minors from the body-tax … however, we have] resolved to except […] children under 10 from the body-tax (‘Leibzoll’), but to otherwise uphold the General-Order of April 4, 1733 […]
5. Source	Die früheren und gegenwärtigen Verhältnisse der Juden in den sämmtlichen Landesstellen des Preußischen Staats; eine Darstellung und Revision der gesetzlichen Bestimmungen über ihre staats- und privatrechtlichen Zustände. Mit Benutzung der Archive der Ministerien des Innern und der Justiz. Von Ludwig von Rönne, Kammer-Gerichts-Rath und Heinrich Simon, Ober-Landes-Gerichts-Assessor; (Breslau; 1843); (The past and present circumstances of Jews in all parts of the Prussian state; a representation and revision of legal provision regarding their conditions in terms of state and private law. With the use of the archives of the Ministries of the Interior and Justice. By Ludwig von Rönne, Legal Council of the Chamber and Heinrich Simon Upper-State-Court-Assessor) (Wroclaw; 1843);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher *Augustus III of Poland was known in Germany as Frederick Augustus/Friedrich August II.

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 8, 1833
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Ordinance, issued by the Department of the Interior of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Repeated examples of the abuses committed by Jews with their passports, which, after usage, they pass on to other Jews, let it appear necessary, that while issuing the passports, the exact route of travel, or the annual markets they plan to visit, should be included therein; and in that manner, they shall be issued henceforth.
5. Source	Kletke, M.G. (ed.). Organisation des Judenwesens im Großherzogthum Posen (Organization of Jewish Affairs in the Grand Duchy of Posen). Heymann: Berlin, 1843. Page 296.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 29, 1833
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Act, issued by Frederick William I, Elector of Hesse
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Israelites are precluded from any positions of teaching about the Christian religion. […] Those Israelites who trade in small goods, and who lack any business capital of their own, are precluded from holding any public office. […] Israelite children shall attend school from their seventh to their completed fourteenth year.
5. Source	Scheel, Friedrich [publ.]. Zusammenstellung der die Israeliten des vorhinnigen Kurfürstenthums Hessen betreffenden gesetzlichen Erlasse (Assortment of Decrees Concerning the Israelites in the State of Hesse). Scheel: Cassel, 1901. Page 36.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Nov. 22, 1833
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Order #3916, issued by the Interior and Police Ministry of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Even though Polish Jews shall not be refused entry into the Prussian lands, if and only if they can produce a passport that is accompanied by a German translation, nevertheless the border police officers shall first ascertain the following, before actually admitting the foreign Jew into Prussia: 1) the legitimization of the passport holder; 2) the purpose of his journey and 3) that he is in possession of the necessary funds for his journey.
5. Source	Kletke, M.G. (ed.). Organisation des Judenwesens in Großherzogthum Posen (Organization of Jewish Affairs in the Grand Duchy of Posen). Heymann: Berlin, 1843. Page 51.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Dec. 11, 1833
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Ordinance, issued by the Department of the Interior of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Polish Jews who bear passports issued by the Russian Lord Governor or the Imperial Russian War-Government at Warsaw, shall be admitted to the Prussian states as long as, and only if, they are accompanied by a certified German translation. However, the first police agency at the border shall investigate, first and foremost: 1. the legitimation of the passport bearer; 2. the purpose of his travel, and 3. his possession of the necessary means, and admit him to Prussia only after the investigation is both complete and satisfactory. However, the permitted duration of his travel, as well as a precise travel route, shall be documented by the agency in the passport, and, if necessary, the validity of the passport may be limited to four weeks or eight weeks, depending on the circumstances, even if the passport was originally valid for a longer time.
5. Source	Kletke, M.G. (ed.). Organisation des Judenwesens im Großherzogthum Posen (Organization of Jewish Affairs in the Grand Duchy of Posen). Heymann: Berlin, 1843. Page 296.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 9, 1834
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Rescript” issued by Ludwig I of Bavaria
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Bavaria; Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	[…] Jews may only purchase land for their private use and are [to be] excluded from the leasing of fields and meadow/grass-land […]
5. Source	Repertorium über die in den Intelligenzblättern für den vormaligen Regenskreis, nun von der Oberpfalz und von Regensburg, vom Jahre 1814 bis 1814 inclusive erschienenen allerhöchsten königlichen Verordnungen, Ministerial Reskripte, Regierungs- und Appelationsgerichts-Entschließungen und Ausschreibungen, Bekanntmachungen und Nachrichten von allgemeinem und besonderem Intresse […] in alphabetisch-chronologischer Ordnung und imAuszuge ihres wesentlichen Inhaltes hergestellt von Mathias Stangl; (München, 1842); (Official District Gazettes; Repertorium regarding all Issued Intelligence Reports of the former Regenkreis - now Upper-Palatinate and Regensburg - from 1814-1841 (included) of the Supreme Royal Ordinances, Ministerial Edicts, Government and Appeal Courts, Decisions and Renderings, Announcements and News of General and Special Interest in Alphabetic-Chronological Order and Their Most Essential Content. Produced by Mathias Stangl, Royal Assessor of the District Court for Roding in the Upper Palatinate.); (Munich; 1842)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher This royal rescript was reissued/made public by the government on February 8, 1834.

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 14, 1834
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Law #1436, issued by the Supreme President of the Province of Posen
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	II. The heads of synagogues are to be told to produce rosters of all adult Israelites who belong to their synagogue, including their residence, family members servants and domestics. A layout for these rosters shall be prepared, and an appropriate number of copies printed. III. Not only can the heads of synagogues be held personally responsible for the completeness and accuracy of these rosters, but they may also be forced, by way of administrative punishments, to furnish the same within a deadline to be determined by the royal government offices. XIV. In order to control and to advance the school attendance of Jewish children in particular, school superintendents are hereby mandated to pay special attention to this matter, and to furnish the government periodically with tardiness, attendance and detention lists of Jewish children. XVIII. The royal government offices are to compile rosters of each of the following: a) Israelites to be naturalized, b) Israelites to be tolerated, c) Israelites to be sent back to their homeland.
5. Source	Kletke. M.G. (ed.). Organisation des Judenwesens in Großherzogthum Posen (Organization of Jewish Affairs in the Grand Duchy of Posen). Heymann: Berlin, 1843. Page 11.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	May 15, 1834
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Election Ordinance, issued by Duke Frederick IX, for the Duchies of Schleswig and Holstein
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	3. Confessors of the Mosaic faith, in consideration of the fact that full civil rights have not been granted them, are excluded from exercising suffrage.
5. Source	Cohen, Asser Daniel. De Mosaiske troesbekjenderes stilling i Danmark forhen og nu: historisk fremstillet i et tidsløb af naesten 200 aar, tilligemed alle lovsteder og offentlige foranstaltninger dem angaande, som ere udkomne fra 1651 til 1836. (The position of the Mosaic believers in Denmark, before and now: historically produced over a period of nearly 200 years, as well as all laws and public measures relating to the same which were published from 1651 to 1836). Forfatterens: Odense (Denmark), 1837. Page 78.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 14, 1834
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	§6 of the Regulation on Merchant Books
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	Everyone can keep their books in the language they please, except for Jews, since the Regulation on the Organization of Jews, most highly approved on December 9, 1804 (21547), decreed that all accounting books and in general all kinds of merchant notebooks and notes between Jews should be written in Russian, Polish or German, or contained translations on the other side
5. Source	“Full Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire,” Volume 9, Collection 1825-1881, No. 7187, p.450, available from nlr.ru.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The text of this Act is available in Russian in the source above. Translator It was translated into English by Andrey Bogancha.

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 15, 1834
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Order #778, issued by government of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	When naturalized Israelites petition to move their residence into another province of the empire, they have to submit an attestation, issued by the corporation officers of their synagogue, to the effect that they have settled their obligations to said corporation. As the form of these attestations has been sorely lacking, making repeated inquiries necessary, we hereby order that such attestations must only be issued in German, and only in the following format: […] In addition, the attestations are to be certified by the local police department, ‘that the issuer is truly the corporation officer authorized to sign the attestation, and that the holder of the attestation is free from any obligations to the citizens of his place of residence.’
5. Source	Kletke, M.G. (ed.). Organisation des Judenwesens in Großherzogthum Posen (Organization of Jewish Affairs in the Grand Duchy of Posen). Heymann: Berlin, 1843. Page 53.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 12, 1834
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Ordinance #16088, issued by the Interior and Police Ministry of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	While Jews may petition to move to and settle in a different province, and may be granted permission to do so by the Interior Ministry, even naturalized Israelites who have settled their affairs with their current synagogue-corporation, shall not automatically have their petition approved. For a successful petition, it is also necessary to prove that there are sound reasons for the resettlement, and that it will be to the benefit of the new place of residence.
5. Source	Kletke. M.G. (ed.). Organisation des Judenwesens in Großherzogthum Posen (Organization of Jewish Affairs in the Grand Duchy of Posen). Heymann: Berlin, 1843. Page 54.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 28, 1834
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Regulation, issued by the state government of Posen
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Art. IV. 1. Every Israelite has an obligation to inform the appropriate government offices of all births, weddings and divorces that take place within his family. 2. In cases of death, the person who bears the burial duty also bears the responsibility of informing the government of the death. 3. Either notice must be given no later than 24 hours after the event. 4. Contraventions will be punished by a fine of 1 to 10 thalers, or by an appropriate jail sentence.
5. Source	Kletke, M.G. (ed.). Organisation des Judenwesens in Großherzogthum Posen (Organization of Jewish Affairs in the Grand Duchy of Posen). Heymann: Berlin, 1843. Page 266.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Nov. 15, 1834
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Order #64, issued by government of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	We hereby order all county officials to submit the legitimization of the Jews, living in the various towns, to a thorough examination, to ascertain whether they may remain within the monarchy, and to deport, without further ado, those who have [illegally] creeped in, back to their homeland.
5. Source	Kletke, M.G. (ed.). Organisation des Judenwesens in Großherzogthum Posen (Organization of Jewish Affairs in the Grand Duchy of Posen). Heymann: Berlin, 1843. Page 55.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Nov. 28, 1834
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Ordinance #126, issued by the Department of the Interior of the Grand Duchy of Posen
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Whereas in recent years, Polish Jews have brought counterfeit coins from England into our state, all county officials and the royal police force are herewith directed to ensure that no foreign Jew, without exception, shall be given a passport to the seacoast, nor shall any such passport be stamped en route; a Prussian Jew may still qualify for a passport to the sea, if he is already well-known to be a righteous and law-abiding man.
5. Source	Kletke, M.G. (ed.). Organisation des Judenwesens im Großherzogthum Posen (Organization of Jewish Affairs in the Grand Duchy of Posen). Heymann: Berlin, 1843. Page 301.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1835
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Pale of Settlement” issued by Tsar Nicholas I
3. Geography of Act	Imperial Russia
4. Text of Act	“3. A permanent residence is permitted to the Jews [several provinces are named] Article 11. Jews who have gone abroad without a legal exit-permit are deprived of Russian citizenship and not permitted to return to Russia. 12. Within the general area of settlement and in every place where the Jews are permitted permanent residence, they are allowed not only to move from place to place and to settle in accordance with the general regulations, but also to acquire real estate of all kinds with the exception of inhabited estates, the ownership of which is strictly forbidden to Jews. […] 23. Every Jew must be registered according to the law in one of the legal estates of the realm. Any Jew not complying with this regulation will be treated as a vagrant.”
5. Source	Anti-Semitism in Imperial Russia; World Future Fund
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1835
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Statues on the Jews” issued by the Russian Government
3. Geography of Act	Imperial Russia
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “To be sure, the new law contained a clause forbidding marriages before the age of eighteen, but it offered no privileges for those already married, so that the only result of the beholoh was to increase the number of families robbed by conscription of their heads and supporters.” Dubnow, Simon: History of the Jews in Russia and Poland, From the Earlist Times until the Present Day (1915); Volume I; (Philadelphia; 1918)
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1835
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Bessarabian Jewry
3. Geography of Act	Russia
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "By 1835, when Bessarabia began to lose its autonomy, Russian anti-Jewish laws began to be equally applied to Bessarabian Jewry. In 1869, 1879, 1886, and 1891 decrees of expulsion were issued to Jews of various cities." Jewish Virtual Library, American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise (AICE), Accessed 10/6/2015
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 18, 1835
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Resolution on the requirement of the consent of the local authorities for the settlement of the Jews.
3. Geography of Act	Austrian Empire
4. Text of Act	Jews … may only be permitted to stay outside the place of the family to which they belong if the authorities of the place where they wish to settle give their consent.
5. Source	Franz Tobias Herzog, “Sammlung der Gesetze über das Politische Domicil im Kaiserthume Österreich [Collection of Laws on Political Domicile in the Austrian Empire],” Anton Edlen von Schmid, Vienna, 1837, pp. 172-173, available from archive.org.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Translator The text of this Act is available in German in the source above. It was translated using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 22, 1835
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decree, issued by the Austrian Court-Chancellery to the state government of Bohemia
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Czech Republic
4. Text of Act	To those Jews, who are covered by Article 51 of the Jew-Patent of 1797, permission to stay in any town other than that of the family they belong to can be granted only if the authorities of the town, where they desire to settle, give their assent.
5. Source	Kropatschek, Joseph. Sammlung der Gesetze, Ein und sechszigster Band (Collection of the Laws, Vol. LXI). Mösle & Braumüller: Vienna, 1837. Page 18.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 27, 1835
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decree of the Council of Ministers, approved by the Prince, prohibiting tribunals from legalizing farm leasing contracts entered into by Jews.
3. Geography of Act	Moldova
4. Text of Act	[Decree forbidding] the courts, by virtue of the law contained in the Regulation, to legalize the farm tenancy contracts concluded by the Jews.
5. Source	Isidore Loeb, "La Situation des Israélites en Turquie, en Serbie et en Roumanie [The Situation of the Israelites in Türkiye, Serbia and Romania]," Joseph Baer et Cie., Paris, 1877, p. 214-215, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 13, 1835
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	§784 of the Rights and Duties of Jews in General
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	In the estates inhabited by Jews, it is prohibited for them to be managers, stewards, or to take revenues from peasants on lease from landlords. The revenues should go to the owners.
5. Source	“Code of the Russian Empire,” Volume 9, 1899, p. 91, available from civil.consultant.ru.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The text of this Act is available in Russian in the source above. Translator It was translated into English by Andrey Bogancha.