Acts – Page 131 – OAJA.org

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 10, 1857
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	General order on the admission of Jewish law students to the “Ausculator” examination issued by Prussian Minister of Justice Ludwig Simons
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	[…] A recent inquiry about the excessive rush for judicial service revealed such a significant number of Jews that the possibility of their future employment led to reasonable doubts. It therefore appears to be an inevitable necessity to stop a further rush of Jewish aspirants. All higher courts are therefore instructed to admit only those candidates of Jewish religion to the examination […] that will have completed their three-year academic program by the end of the winter semester 1857/1858. All other applications shall be rejected until further notice. Berlin - 10 July 1857 Justice Minister Simons.
5. Source	Justiz Ministerialblatt fuer die Preussische Gesetzgebung und Rechtspflege 1857/19, page 266, Accessed online
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 28, 1858
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Jewish Relief Act, issued by the Parliament of the United Kingdom
3. Geography of Act	Great Britain
4. Text of Act	III. Nothing herein contained shall extend or be construed to extend to enable any Person or Persons professing the Jewish Religion to hold or exercise the Office of Guardians and Justices of the United Kingdom, or of Regent of the United Kingdom, under whatever Name, Style, or Title such Office may be constituted, or of Lord High Chancellor, Lord Keeper or Lord Commissioner of the Great Seal of Great Britain or Ireland, or the Office of Lord Lieutenant or Deputy or other Chief Governor or Governors of Ireland, or Her Majesty's High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland. IV. [I]t shall not be lawful for any Person professing the Jewish Religion, directly or indirectly, to advise Her Majesty, Her Heirs or Successors, or any Person or Persons holding or exercising the Office of Guardians of the United Kingdom, or of Regent of the United Kingdom, under whatever Name, Style, or Title such Office may be constituted, or the Lord Lieutenant or Lord Deputy, or any other Chief Governor or Governors of Ireland, touching or concerning the Appointment to or Disposal of any Office or Preferment in the United Church of England and Ireland or in the Church of Scotland; and if such Person shall offend in the Premises he shall, being thereof convicted by due Course of Law, be deemed guilty of a high misdemeanor, and disabled for ever from holding any Office, Civil or Military, under the Crown.
5. Source	The National Archives of the United Kingdom, PDF; Accessed online
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1859
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Regulations for Jews Regarding Oath Taking"
3. Geography of Act	Prussia
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "All oath taken by Jews are to be done so in an synagogue or a school. 2) The [Jewish] oath taker has to bring two witnesses; there also has to be a Rabbi present or a Jewish scholar or assessor. 3) if the defending party is also a local Jew, they have to present during the oath taking, too. They are threatened by the Rabbi, assessor or scholar with excommunication, if they insist on taking an oath without a reason. They are to respond to the announcement with Amen. 4) [Jewish] Persons taking an oat[h] are to prepare for it by washing their hands and wearing on a prayer shawl and prayer rope. 5) It is up to the judge to have the rabbi warn the oath taker in private of the punishments for perjury or to do so in public. 6) All Israelis are required to tell the truth during litigations and had to support their statement with an oath. Those who willingly lie and go against the Christian authorities are committing a crime against God and are guilty of perjury. 7) Rabbi's are forced to remind oath takers of the word of God coming down from the mount of Sinai: 'You are not to misuse the name of your eternal God by lying.' 8) While all other criminals can hope free themselves from the punishment of God, those who commit perjury cannot hope for relief, because God won't allow those who lie to go unpunished. 9) While punishment of all other crimes only effects only those at fault (and those who could have prevented it), a perjury affects the entire family because God is to punish those who lie in his name for 3 or 4 generations to come. 10) Punishments for all other crimes can be delayed by God's mercy' however those committing a perjury are to face their punishment immediately. 11) Jews are required to hold a Torah and take an oath starting with 'I swear by Adonai, the God of Israel,' and finish with 'Amen.'" Heinemann, J.: Sammlung der religiösen und bürgerliche Verfassung der Juden in den königl. Preuß Staaten betreffend den Gesetze, Vervordnungen, Gutaschten, Berichte und Erkenntinisse. (1831) p. 504
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 16, 1859
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	§3 on Granting Jewish Merchants of the 1st Guild and Jewish Foreign Nationals the Right of Residence and Trade, Outside the Line of Permanent Settlement of Jews.
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	Jewish merchants,… located outside the line of their permanent settlement, are allowed to take with them clerks and domestic servants from Jews in a certain number, observing the following rules in this regard: 1) Jewish merchants resettling in both capitals of St. Petersburg and Moscow must explain in special petitions submitted by them to local Military Governors-General: exactly how many clerks and servants from Jews they need to have with them upon resettlement to the aforementioned capitals and for what reasons; the permission of these requests and the appointment of this number is provided to the immediate discretion of the Military Governors-General, according to their affiliation; 2) Jewish merchants who are then assigned to other cities of the Empire may take with them from their co-religionists no more than one clerk and four servants of both sexes for each family of a resettling Jewish merchant.
5. Source	“Complete Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire,” Volume 34, Collection 1825-1881, No. 34248, p. 206, available from nlr.ru.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The text of this Act is available in Russian in the source above. Translator It was translated into English by Andrey Bogancha.

1. Full Date of Act	Feb. 18, 1860
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Imperial Ordinance” (‘kaiserliche Verordnung’) issued by Francis Joseph I
3. Geography of Act	Austrian Empire
4. Text of Act	[…] Regarding the Ownership of Realty for Jews. After consulting with My Ministers and after heeding the advice of My Imperial Councils, I wish to order for Galicia, Bukowina, and the Grand Duchy of Krakow/Cracow (‘Großherzugthum Krakau’) the following: 1) Israelis, who have [attended and] finished ‘Untergymnasiums, Unterschulen, vocational schools (‘Handelsschulen’), schools for the preparation of an agricultural career (‘landthschaftliche Lehranstalten’), and ‘uautische Schulen’* or occupy the character of an officer (are an officer) are to be treated the same as the Christian subjects in the aforementioned lands of the crown in regards to the ability of ownership. 2) When and as long as an Israeli owns a property that is linked to any patronage or bailiff acts (‘Patronats- und Vogteirechte’), or the law of school representation, those law are still valid. […] Furthermore, these rights cannot be transferred to Israeli tenants. Those (Israelis) who are not mentioned/contained in §1 are still only permitted to own those kinds of realities, to which they were already legally permitted as per the laws of 1848. 4) […] however, they are still [to be] excluded from leasing former rustic-inns (‘Rustikalwirtschaft’) or individual rustic-properties (‘Rustikalgrundstücke’) or these contracts are void and an appropriate penalty is to be imposed on the lessor and the lessee. […]
5. Source	Alphabetische Sammlung aller politischen und der dahin einschlägigen Gesetze des Kaisertums Oesterreich für die Zeit von 1858 bis 1864. Von Heinrich Astl, k. k. Bezirksamts-Aktuar. (Prag, 1866); (Alphabetical collection of all political and pertinent laws of the Empire of Austria for the period from 1858 to 1864. By Heinrich Astl, r[oyal] i[mperial] District office Actuary); (Prague; 1866)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher This was published in the Austrian Reichsgesetzblatt No. 44 of the year 1860 which was an official publishing branch of Imperial patents, laws, ordinances, etc. of the Austrian Monarchy. These are/were various forms of schooling in German speaking countries. *It is unclear what “Rustikal” [rustic] refers to her in regards to property and economy as that word is no longer in use in modern German.

1. Full Date of Act	Dec. 31, 1860
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Synagogue-Ordinance, issued by George V, King of Hanover
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Art. 2 – In towns where a synagogue is located, communal worship may only take place in the synagogue itself....Art. 4 – The founding, moving or closing of a synagogue shall require the approval of the upper administrative authority [of the kingdom]....Art. 17 – Synagogue services must begin punctually, at the scheduled time. Art. 18 – Everybody shall attend services in appropriate and dignified attire....Art. 20 – Inside the synagogue, solemn and reverent silence shall be observed. Any mingling in front of the synagogue or in the foyer is prohibited, as well as talking loudly in these places.
5. Source	Kingdom of Hanover (State). Synagogenordnung für das Königreich Hannover (Synagogue-Ordinance for the Kingdom of Hanover). Gundmacher: Hanover, 1861. Page 3.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1861
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Circular of the Roumanian [Rumanian] Ministry
3. Geography of Act	Russian Occupied Moldavia
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) Jews are prohibited from being innkeepers in rural districts. Kohler, Max J. and Simon Wolf: Jewish Disabilities in the Balkan States; (1916); Butnaru, I. C.: The Silent Holocaust – Romania and its Jews; (New York)
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Feb. 19, 1861
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	§4 of the Law of Status
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	Land, and other appurtenances belonging to an estate, and which are not part of allotments made to peasants on their emancipation, may not be sold to Jews.
5. Source	Russo-Jewish Committee, “The Persecution of the Jews in Russia: With Appendix Containing a Summary of Special & Restrictive Laws,” Wertheimer, Lea & Co., London, 1890, p. 55, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The text of this Act is available in Russian in the “Code of the Russian Empire,” Volume 9, St. Petersburg, 1857, p. 128, available from civil.consultant.ru. Translator The English translation is taken from the book quoted in the source above and verified from the Russian by Andrey Bogancha.

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 29, 1861
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Decree of the State Ministry” issued by the Austrian State Ministry (‘Staatsministerium’)
3. Geography of Act	Austrian Empire
4. Text of Act	[…] The leasing of a farmer’s inn/farm (‘Bauernwirtschaft’) can only be permitted to Jews if doing so would not cause concern in terms of the state’s economical and cultural consideration.
5. Source	Alphabetische Sammlung aller politischen und der dahin einschlägigen Gesetze des Kaisertums Oesterreich für die Zeit von 1858 bis 1864. Von Heinrich Astl, k. k. Bezirksamts-Aktuar. (Prag, 1866); (Alphabetical collection of all political and pertinent laws of the Empire of Austria for the period from 1858 to 1864. By Heinrich Astl, r[oyal] i[mperial] District office Actuary); (Prague; 1866)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher It is somewhat unclear what ‘Bauernwirtschaft” refers to here, as “Wirtschaft’ could mean both an inn (for farmer’s) or a business/economy (referring to a farm).

1. Full Date of Act	Nov. 27, 1861
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	§13 of the Appendix to Article 68 of the Statute of Passports on the Rules on the Permanent and Temporary Residence of Jews In and Outside Their Pale of Settlement.
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	§13 Jews holding degrees in medicine and surgery, or medicine, as well as degrees in other fields of study from the university, may reside permanently in all provinces and territories of the empire to engage in business or industry. These individuals, as well as Jewish physicians who were recruited under the regulations on service set by the government and specific laws on the subject, while residing outside designated areas for Jewish settlement, may bring with them, in addition to family members, domestic workers from their own religion, but no more than two. Those who are registered as merchants of the second category may also bring another clerk or assistant from their religion, provided that these clerks or assistants and household workers are not engaged in managing or supervising contracts entered into by Jewish merchants within the interior provinces
5. Source	“Complete Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire,” Volume 14, Saint Petersburg, 1903, p. 41, available from consultant.ru.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The text of this Act is available in Russian in the source above. Translator It was translated into English by Andrey Bogancha.

1. Full Date of Act	Dec. 11, 1861
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	§18 & §19 of the Supplement to Article 68 - Rules on the Permanent and Temporary Stay of Jews Within and Outside the Settlement.
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	Only a temporary residence of Jews in the cities of Kiev and Sebastopol is permitted, and only for the following purposes: (1.) In order to take possession of an inheritance. (2.) In order to establish legal claims on property in courts of justice and in government offices. (3.) For business transactions or anything connected with government contracts; but only if such transactions take place in towns where Jews may permanently dwell
5. Source	Russo-Jewish Committee, “The Persecution of the Jews in Russia: With Appendix Containing a Summary of Special & Restrictive Laws,” Wertheimer, Lea & Co., London, 1890, p. 51, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The text of this Act is available in Russian in the “Code of the Laws of the Russian Empire,” Volume 14, St. Petersburg, 1903, p. 71-72, available from books.google.com. It was found and verified by Aleks Gladushko.

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 6, 1862
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Official Note to §158 of the Charter on Censorship and the Press
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	Over and above the ordinary assessments to which the rural population and the inhabitants of the towns are liable, the Jews have to pay the following special taxes: … - Tax on Printing Offices, amounting to 20 roubles for every printing press worked by hand, 120 roubles for every small machine press, and 200 roubles for every large or double machine press.
5. Source	Russo-Jewish Committee, “The Persecution of the Jews in Russia: With Appendix Containing a Summary of Special & Restrictive Laws,” Wertheimer, Lea & Co., London, 1890, p. 46, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The text of this Act is available in Russian in the "“Complete Collection of the Laws of the Russian Empire,” Volume 14, Saint Petersburg, 1912, p. 77, available from civil.consultant.ru. It was found and verified by Kateryna Mukhina.

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 5, 1862
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Ukase” of Tsar Alexander II
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	[…] Jews are permitted to acquire [only] immovable goods where the peasants/farmers have transitioned from Fronarbeit* to a relationship of [paid] interests ('Zinsverhältnis"); […] 3) […] Polish Jews are prohibited to use Hebrew or Yiddish in business dealings, official documents, contracts, wills, [debts/loans], for business ledgers, and business correspondence. […]
5. Source	Die neueste Geschichte des Jüdischen Volkes. II. Band. Zweite Abteilung: Das Zeitalter der ersten Reaktion (1815-1848). Dritte Abteilung: Das Zeitalter der zweiten Emanzipation (1848-1881); (The latest history of the Jewish peoples. Volume II. Second division: The period of the first reaction (1815-1848). Third division: The period of the second emancipation (1848-1881); (Berlin; 1920)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher *Fronarbeit or Frondienst were personal services peasants/farmers did for their landlords (owners of the land). The above Ukase is a translation of a German summary of the original Russian text. It contains a number of pro-Jews regulations; except those translated above.

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 17, 1862
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Gracious Decree of His Imperial Majesty Alexander II on Passports both for Finnish citizens to go abroad and for foreigners traveling to and from Finland and while in the country.
3. Geography of Act	Duchy of Finland
4. Text of Act	§12: If the Jews come to Finland with appropriate passports, let them pass through the country freely and stay here for a certain period of time,… However, the ban on Jewish settlement in the country given before this [Act] will remain.
5. Source	“1862. Suomen Suuriruhtinaanmaan Asetus-Kokous. No 12. [1862. Decree Meeting of the Grand Duchy of Finland. No 12].” histdoc.net, accessed Oct. 2, 2024.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Translator The text and name of this Act is available in Finnish in the source above. It was translated into English using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Dec. 17, 1862
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	General Order No. 11 issued by General Ulysses S. Grant
3. Geography of Act	United States
4. Text of Act	The Jews, as a class violating every regulation of trade established by the Treasury Department and also department orders, are hereby expelled from the department [the 'Department of the Tennessee,' an administrative district of the Union Army of occupation composed of Kentucky, Tennessee and Mississippi] within twenty-four hours from the receipt of this order. Post commanders will see to it that all of this class of people be furnished passes and required to leave, and any one returning after such notification will be arrested and held in confinement until an opportunity occurs of sending them out as prisoners, unless furnished with permit from headquarters.
5. Source	When General Grant Expelled the Jews, Jonathan D. Sarna, Pages 21-22; On March 4, 1869, Grant was inaugurated as the 18th president of the United States, and on November 4, 1872, Grant won a second term as president, carrying 31 of 37 states. “General Grant’s Infamy.” No author, Online article.
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7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Editor As soon as General Orders No. 11 became known, much pressure was put on the Lincoln White House by the Jewish community and others to recall the Order. When President Lincoln finally found out about General Orders No. 11 " … Lincoln did instantly command the general in chief of the army, Henry Halleck, to countermand General Orders No. 11." [Halleck then wrote to Grant,] " 'If such an order has been issued,' his telegram of January 4 [1863] read, 'it will be immediately revoked.' Two days later, [January 6, 1863] several urgent telegrams went out from Grant’s headquarters in obedience to that demand: 'By direction of the General in Chief of the Army at Washington,' they read, 'the General Order from these Head Quarters expelling Jews from this Department is hereby revoked.'"

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 20, 1863
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Ordinance of His Majesty the King Concerning Marriage Between Christians and Mosaic Confessors.
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Sweden
4. Text of Act	§.1. Members of the Swedish Church are not supposed to enter into marriage with a Mosaic confessor.
5. Source	Hugo Valentin, “Urkunder Till Judarnas Historia i Sverige [Records for the History of the Jews in Sweden],” Albert Bonniers, Stockholm, 1924, p. 77, available from runeberg.org.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The text of this Act is available in Swedish in the source above. Translator It was translated into English by Rodi Adelsson.

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 14, 1863
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Act regarding Jews in the Duchy of Holstein,” issued by Frederick VII, King of Denmark
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	9. In order to erect new synagogues, a special permit from the highest authorities is necessary. 10. Every Jew residing in the Duchy of Holstein is required to belong to a Jewish community of faith. 17. For instruction in Jewish religion, a special textbook in German will be authorized, and all boys and girls will henceforth take a public exam, proctored by the rabbi in the synagogue. Boys may take the exam at 15 years of age, and girls at 14 years. In the future, no Jew will be allowed to marry, to swear an oath, to matriculate as a student, to become member of a guild, to obtain the rights of citizenship, to be in business for himself, or to make his own financial decisions, without first submitting himself to the exam. 21. Jews are to be buried in a Jewish cemetery.
5. Source	Kollenscher, M. Rechtsverhältnisse der Juden in Preußen [The Legal Situation of the Jewry in Prussia]. Guttentag: Berlin, 1910. Page 187.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1864
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Restrictions on Jews”
3. Geography of Act	Russian Occupied Moldavia
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) Jews are prohibited from becoming/being lawyers. Butnaru, I. C.: The Silent Holocaust – Romania and its Jews; (New York)
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 12, 1864
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Communal law of Roumania*" issued by the Rumanian Government
3. Geography of Act	Romania
4. Text of Act	[…] permits only those Jews to be naturalized who 1) have reached the grade of non-commissioned officers in the army […] 2) […] have passed through college […] 3) […] have a recognized foreign degree […] 4) […] have founded a factory. […]
5. Source	Kohler, Max J. and Simon Wolf: Jewish Disabilities in the Balkan States; (1916)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher *Former spelling of Rumania

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 10, 1864
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Law of the Committee of Ministers of the Russian Empire forbidding Jewish people from acquiring land.
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	[We] forbid all Jews, without exception, to acquire land from landlords or peasants.
5. Source	Hans Rogger, “Jewish Policies and Right Wing Politics in Imperial Russia,” University of California Press, 1986, p. 126, available from archive.org.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher Further information can be found in Judith Kalik, “The Legal Position of Rural Jews in the Russian Empire,” in Katarzyna Michalak, Irena Vladimirsky, Yehudah Gershon, and Adam Tod Leverton, (eds.), “Movable Inn: The Rural Jewish Population of Minsk Guberniya in 1793-1914,” De Gruyter, 2018, p. 43, available from jstor.org.

1. Full Date of Act	1866
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Systematic Expulsion of Jews”
3. Geography of Act	Russian Occupied Moldavia
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) The Ministry of Interior permits Jews settled in villages as of this date to continue to hold rented land until the expiration date of the lease. The contract cannot be renewed. Butnaru, I. C.: The Silent Holocaust – Romania and its Jews; (New York)
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1866
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Article 7 Romanian Constitution
3. Geography of Act	Romania
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "'The status of Romanians ... Only foreigners of Christian religion may become Romanians." Raphael Langham: The Jews in Britain: A chronology, p. 61
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Feb. 5, 1866
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Circular No. 2,269 by Minister of Interior Mr. N. Cretzoulesco
3. Geography of Act	Romania
4. Text of Act	Despite ordinances nos. 4,389 and 5,024 of the year 1861, native and foreign Israelites are established in some municipalities as hotel and cabaret entrepreneurs and even as farmers. However, the tolerance of the exercise of these businesses by Jews constitutes a contravention of the institutions which have existed for a long time in the country, as well as the text of the aforementioned orders. This Minister invites the prefects to take energetic measures with a view to maintaining the exact application of the said circulars and orders not to tolerate in any rural commune the establishment of Jews under these conditions.
5. Source	Isidore Loeb, "La Situation des Israélites en Turquie, en Serbie et en Roumanie [The Situation of the Israelites in Türkiye, Serbia and Romania]," Joseph Baer et Cie., Paris, 1877, p. 217, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The text of this Act was translated from French using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 8, 1866
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Request of the Minister of Public Education on the Restriction of the Admission of Jews to Veterinary Institutions, authorized by the Tsar.
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	The highest authorized … Jews for the most part enter higher educational institutions not to acquire scientific knowledge, but with the aim of evading military service and to acquire the right to settle in places where they are prohibited from residing, I, for my part, recognize it as entirely desirable not to allow Jews who have certificates of completion of only 6 grades of gymnasiums to enter the veterinary institutes of the Kazan and Dorpatsky. As for the Kharkov Veterinary Institute, taking into account that the city of Kharkov has always been a center of political agitation and that the presence of Jews in it, in more or less significant numbers, seems to be generally undesirable, and even dangerous, I would consider it necessary to completely prohibit the admission of Jews to the said institute. Therefore, I accept the duty to most humbly ask Your Imperial Majesty's permission to prohibit the admission of Jews to the Kharkov Veterinary Institute and to allow only those Jews who have a certificate of maturity to be admitted to the Kazan and Dorpat Veterinary Institutes.
5. Source	Electronic Library of Historical Documents, “1886. Марта 8. — Об ограничении приема евреев в ветеринарные институты. Высочайше разрешенный всеподданнейший доклад [1886. March 8. - Restriction of the Admission of Jews to Veterinary Institutions. The Highest Permitted All-Subsided Report],” docs.historyrussia.org, accessed Oct. 3, 2024
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Translator The text of this Act is available in Russian in the source above. It was translated into English using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 11, 1866
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Circular by the Minister of the Interior Mr Dimitri Ghica
3. Geography of Act	Romania
4. Text of Act	Jews do not have the right of permanent residence in the countryside.
5. Source	Isidore Loeb, "La Situation des Israélites en Turquie, en Serbie et en Roumanie [The Situation of the Israelites in Türkiye, Serbia and Romania]," Joseph Baer et Cie., Paris, 1877, p. 111 and 217, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The text of this Act was translated from French using Google translate.