Acts – Page 134 – OAJA.org

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 28, 1891
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Order of March 3, 1891, expelling Jewish artisans and mechanics from Moscow.
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	An order depriving the privileged category of [Jewish] artisans, mechanics, etc., of the right of residence in the government of Moscow.
5. Source	Lucien Wolf (ed.), “The Legal Suffering of the Jews in Russia: A Survey of Their Present Situation, and a Summary of Laws,” T. Fisher Unwin, London, 1912, p. 91, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher	Sherli Frank
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	Researcher According to the source above, approximately 10,000 Jews were expelled from Moscow under this Act.

1. Full Date of Act	1892
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Banning of Jews from the Mining Industry” issued by the Imperial Council
3. Geography of Act	Turkestan
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “In accordance with a proposal of the Imperial Council, the mining industry in Turkestan was closed to Jews.” Anti-Semitism in Imperial Russia; World Future Fund
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 11, 1892
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Supremely Approved City Regulations Signed by the Council of His Imperial Majesty
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	Jews shall not be allowed to participate in Electoral Assemblies and Household Assemblies,… nor to hold positions in city public administration or to manage individual branches of city economy.
5. Source	"Complete Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire, (Laws from 1881 to 1913)," Third Collection, Volume 12, No. 8708, St. Petersburg, 1913, p. 432 , available from prlib.ru.
6. Researcher	Samantha Zhang (Cooley)
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	Translator The text of this Act is available in Russian in the source above. It was translated into English using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 11, 1892
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decision of the Imperial Council
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	Jews shall not take part in municipal elections and they shall be excluded from municipal administrative positions.
5. Source	Lucien Wolf (ed.), “The Legal Suffering of the Jews in Russia: A Survey of Their Present Situation, and a Summary of Laws,” T. Fisher Unwin, London, 1912, p. 92, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher	Sherli Frank
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 25, 1892
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Ordinance" issued by the Romanian Government
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Romania; Present-day Romania
4. Text of Act	[…] Jews are no longer to be admitted to hospitals in Moldavia. […]
5. Source	Ioanid, Radu: The Holocaust in Romania: The Destruction of Jews and Gypsies Under the Antonescu Regime; (Chicago, 2000).
6. Researcher	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research	2017
8. Notes	Researcher This decree was published in the "Monitorul Oficial" (Official Monitor) on June 25, 1892.

1. Full Date of Act	1893
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Banning of Jewish Children from Public Schools”
3. Geography of Act	Russian Occupied Moldavia
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) Jewish children are no longer to be educated in public schools. [Another competing source states that in 10/1898 "Admission to public schools in Romania refused to 11,200 Jewish children."] Singer, Isidore and Cyrus Adler: The Jewish Encyclopedia: Philipson-Samoscz; Volume X; (London; 1905) jewishvirtuallibrary.org; Luzzatti, Luigi: God in Freedom: Studies in the Relations Between Church and State; (New York, 2005)
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1893
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Order issued by the Minister of Interior
3. Geography of Act	Present day Estonia
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “On January 14, 1893 an Order of the Minister of the Interior was issued that obliged officials till November 1, 1893 to exile inside the Pale all Jews who lived outside it without legal grounds. In general, this was the period when Jews were deprived of many rights, and they felt themselves very uncomfortably in the Empire.” Bruno Martuzans: “Special regulations for Jews in Baltic provinces; Jews in Vidzeme, and expelling of 1893.” (2002)
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 14, 1893
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Circular of the Minister of the Interior
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	[Cancelling] the orders of former Ministers Makoff and Tolstoi (April 3rd, 1880 and June 21st, 1882) establishing the principle that all Jews who had settled outside the Pale prior to April 3rd 1880, should be left undisturbed.
5. Source	Lucien Wolf (ed.), “The Legal Suffering of the Jews in Russia: A Survey of Their Present Situation, and a Summary of Laws,” T. Fisher Unwin, London, 1912, p. 93, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher	Sherli Frank
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 14, 1893
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Circular No. 173 from the Minister of Internal Affairs to Provincial Governors on the eviction to the Pale of Jewish Settlement of Jews illegally residing outside the Pale.
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	[Ordering the] eviction to the Pale Jewish settlement of those Jews living in the provinces … who do not meet the conditions established by law for staying outside the Pale of Jewish Settlement,… by November 1, 1893.
5. Source	M. I. Mysh, “Руководство к русским законам о евреях [A Guide to Russian Laws on Jews],” St Petersburg, 1914, p. 265, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher	Reina Kern (Latham)
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1894
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Jewish Veterinarians Banned from Serving the State
3. Geography of Act	Imperial Russia
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “The Minister of the Interior decreed that Jews that have graduated from a veterinary college are no longer to be admitted to the service of the State.” Anti-Semitism in Imperial Russia; World Future Fund
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 3, 1894
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Chapter 4 - On Residence Permits for Jews (§71).
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	Jews within the Pale of Jewish Settlement are only permitted to dwell outside the towns in which they have been registered according to the revision, if provided with passports
5. Source	Russo-Jewish Committee, “The Persecution of the Jews in Russia: With Appendix Containing a Summary of Special & Restrictive Laws,” Wertheimer, Lea & Co., London, 1890, p. 54, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher	Kateryna Mukhina, Sherli Frank
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	Researcher The text of this Act is available in Russian in the “Code of the Laws of the Russian Empire,” Volume 14, St. Petersburg, 1903, p. 21, available from books.google.com. It was found and verified by Kateryna Mukhina.

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 3, 1894
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Chapter 4 - On Residence Permits for Jews (§71)
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	Jews within the Pale of Jewish Settlement are only permitted to dwell outside the towns in which they have been registered according to the revision, if provided with passports.
5. Source	Russo-Jewish Committee, “The Persecution of the Jews in Russia: With Appendix Containing a Summary of Special & Restrictive Laws,” Wertheimer, Lea & Co., London, 1890, p. 54, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher	Kateryna Mukhina, Sherli Frank
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	Researcher The text of this Act is available in Russian in the “Code of the Laws of the Russian Empire,” Volume 14, St. Petersburg, 1903, p. 21, available from books.google.com. It was found and verified by Kateryna Mukhina.

1. Full Date of Act	Nov. 30, 1894
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Senatorial Decision on Jewish Merchants
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	The Jews of Kieff cannot become merchants of the first Guild unless they have paid their licence in some part of the Pale of Settlement for at least a year.
5. Source	Lucien Wolf (ed.), “The Legal Suffering of the Jews in Russia: A Survey of Their Present Situation, and a Summary of Laws,” T. Fisher Unwin, London, 1912, p. 93, available from books.google.com
6. Researcher	Sherli Frank
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Dec. 23, 1894
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Circular of the Minister of Interior
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	Jews who have graduated as veterinary surgeons in a veterinary college are no longer to be admitted to the service of the State.
5. Source	Lucien Wolf (ed.), “The Legal Suffering of the Jews in Russia: A Survey of Their Present Situation, and a Summary of Laws,” T. Fisher Unwin, London, 1912, p. 93, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher	Sherli Frank
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1895
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Restrictions on Jews” issued by the Minister of War
3. Geography of Act	Imperial Russia
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “A circular of the Minister of War instructs the Cossack authorities in the Caucasus and the Don Territory that Jews visiting the Don, Kuban and Terek provinces for the sake of the medicinal waters are to be turned back.” Anti-Semitism in Imperial Russia, World Future Fund
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 18, 1895
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Senatorial Decision on the right of residence of Rabbis
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	Rabbis possess no right of residence beyond the Pale of Settlement.
5. Source	Lucien Wolf (ed.), “The Legal Suffering of the Jews in Russia: A Survey of Their Present Situation, and a Summary of Laws,” T. Fisher Unwin, London, 1912, p. 94, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher	Sherli Frank
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 27, 1895
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Senatorial Decision preventing Jewish settlement in the fifty-verst boundary zone.
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	[Jews have no] right of residence in the fifty-verst boundary zone,… unless they are descendants of Jews who have been settled there since time immemorial.
5. Source	Lucien Wolf (ed.), “The Legal Suffering of the Jews in Russia: A Survey of Their Present Situation, and a Summary of Laws,” T. Fisher Unwin, London, 1912, p. 94, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher	Sherli Frank
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	Researcher According to the Merriam-Webster online dictionary at merriam-webster.com, a verst is “a Russian unit of distance equal to 0.6629 mile (1.067 kilometers).”

1. Full Date of Act	Sep. 13, 1895
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Senatorial decision on Jewish agriculturalists
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	Jewish agriculturalists … [have no] right to rent land outside the precincts of the towns and townlets.
5. Source	Lucien Wolf (ed.), “The Legal Suffering of the Jews in Russia: A Survey of Their Present Situation, and a Summary of Laws,” T. Fisher Unwin, London, 1912, p. 94, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher	Sherli Frank
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 10, 1896
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Law No. 9154 on Jewish adoption in the Kuban and Terek regions.
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	Adoption by a Jew registered with the society in the Kuban and Terek regions of such a Jew who does not enjoy an independent right to live there does not give the adopted person the right to reside even in the place of registration of his adopter.
5. Source	M. I. Mysh, “Руководство к русским законам о евреях [A Guide to Russian Laws on Jews],” St Petersburg, 1914, p. 303, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher	Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	Translator The text of this Act is available in Russian in the source above. It was translated using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Feb. 6, 1896
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Article 7 of the Regulations of St. Spiridon of Jassy
3. Geography of Act	Romania
4. Text of Act	For clinic services, Jews may also be admitted if their illness is of particular interest for the education of students, but only up to a maximum of one third of the total number of beds.
5. Source	Edmond Sincerus, "Les Juifs en Roumanie," MacMillan and Co., London, 1901, p. 113, available from archive.org.
6. Researcher	Laure Berthelot (Covington)
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	Researcher Translated from French using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 9, 1896
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Regulation of the Military Council on Jewish Soldiers
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	Jewish soldiers, unless they belong to the privileged categories, must not spend their furlough outside the Pale of Settlement.
5. Source	Lucien Wolf (ed.), “The Legal Suffering of the Jews in Russia: A Survey of Their Present Situation, and a Summary of Laws,” T. Fisher Unwin, London, 1912, p. 94, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher	Sherli Frank
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	May 27, 1896
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Articles 22 and 31 of the Regulations for the Examination of the Primary Education of Children Prepared at Home or in Private Institutions Recognized by the State
3. Geography of Act	Romania
4. Text of Act	Only Romanian children are exempt from paying the examination tax, while Jewish children must all pay.
5. Source	Edmond Sincerus, "Les Juifs en Roumanie," MacMillan and Co., London, 1901, p. 130, available from archive.org.
6. Researcher	Laure Berthelot (Covington)
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	Researcher Translated from French using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 26, 1897
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Senatorial Decision on the Merchants of Riga
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	Local Jews belonging to the merchants’ corporation of Riga are not entitled to transact business in the district of Riga.
5. Source	Lucien Wolf (ed.), “The Legal Suffering of the Jews in Russia: A Survey of Their Present Situation, and a Summary of Laws,” T. Fisher Unwin, London, 1912, p. 95, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher	Sherli Frank
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 2, 1897
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Official Act of the Women’s Higher Institute of Medicine
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	The admittance of Jewesses to the Women’s Institute of Medicine in St. Petersburg is to be limited to 3 per cent. of the total number of students.
5. Source	Lucien Wolf (ed.), “The Legal Suffering of the Jews in Russia: A Survey of Their Present Situation, and a Summary of Laws,” T. Fisher Unwin, London, 1912, p. 95, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher	Sherli Frank
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Nov. 13, 1897
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Imperial Order prohibiting some Jewish students from residing in Moscow.
3. Geography of Act	Russian Empire
4. Text of Act	Jews and Jewesses studying pharmacy, or attending schools of surgery and midwifery respectively,… [have no] right to reside in the town or government of Moscow for this purpose.
5. Source	Lucien Wolf (ed.), “The Legal Suffering of the Jews in Russia: A Survey of Their Present Situation, and a Summary of Laws,” T. Fisher Unwin, London, 1912, p. 95, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher	Sherli Frank
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	None