Acts – Page 145 – OAJA.org

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 6, 1940
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Policies Concerning the Treatment of Jews in the Government-General" issued by the Head of the Department of Jewish Affairs
3. Geography of Act	Germany / Occupied Poland
4. Text of Act	1. A spatial separation between Poles and Jews is required. […] whether a person is a Jew or a non-Jew depends on his racial origins and blood and his acceptance of Judaism (through marriage of a non-Jew with a Jew), not simply membership in a religious community. […] 3. As a matter of principle, Jews are to work for Jews; for instance, only Jews are to be used for the building of accommodations for Jews. 4. The Jews are to establish their own social insurance system and are not to pay contributions to non-Jewish insurance schemes, nor make claims on non-Jewish facilities. 5. The property and funds of such Jewish organizations will be under the protection of the German Administration. The same applies to Jewish welfare establishments. […] 7. All measures must be directed with the aim that later the whole of Jewry will be concentrated in a specific district and in one area of Jewish settlement, as a self-supporting society under the control of the Reich […] 9. Creation of archives on Polish Jews and Jews in general (newspaper reports, regulations, laws, culture, races, health care, etc.) is required. […].
5. Source	Global Jewish Advocacy: Anti-Semitism: An Assault on Human Rights; Accessed online
6. Researcher	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research	2016
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	May 18, 1940
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	No. 27. - Regulation from the Reich Commissioner for the Occupied Dutch Territories Concerning Jewish Students
3. Geography of Act	Germany / Occupied Netherlands
4. Text of Act	Article 1 This statute affects: 1) persons who under Regulation No. 6/1941 Concerning the Reporting Requirements for Persons of Full or Partial Jewish Blood must report, with the exception of those who are descended from only one, by race fully Jewish grandparent in the sense of the cited regulation; 2) persons who belong to the Jewish congregation. Article 2 The enrollment of persons as cited in Article 1 in Dutch universities and colleges shall be restricted ...Article 3 A person as cited in Article 1 who is not enrolled in a Dutch university or college may be admitted to an examination or test at a Dutch university or college only with permission obtained from the Secretary General of the Department of Education, Science, and the Protection of Culture. ...The Hague, February 11, 1941 - The Reich Commissioner for the Occupied Dutch Territories: Seyss-Inquart
5. Source	"Verordeningenblad voor het bezette Nederlandsche gebied" (Verordnungsblatt für die besetzten niederländischen Gebiete) Courtesy: User Services Department, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, National Library of the Netherlands, Accessed on 4/9/2014
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	May 23, 1940
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Law - 23 May 1940-XVIII, n. 587 Grant of a bonus in addition to the board to state employees for which is expected to dismissal, exempt from service in the execution of the decree-law R. Nov. 17, 1938-XVII, no. 1728, until reaching the maximum age limit for retirement
3. Geography of Act	Italy
4. Text of Act	... Sole Article Employees of State Administration, which is scheduled for the dismissal, exempt from service in accordance with art. 20 of the Royal Decree-Law of November 17, 1938-XVII, no. 1728, converted into the Law of 5 January, 1939, n. 274, because they belong to the Jewish race and entitled to a pension shall be granted, up to the age limit stipulated by the relevant place to the retirement and, in any case, not more than four years, in addition to treatment retirement benefits, an allowance equal to the difference between the salary of which were provided at the time of the pantry and the pension paid. ... Victor Emmanuel Mussolini - The Revel
5. Source	"The Anti-Jewish Laws of Fascist Italy," CDEC, Foundation Center of Contemporary Jewish Documentation, Accessed online.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	2015
8. Notes	Editor Google translated from Italian on 8/2015.

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 28, 1940
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Statute of the National Air Raid Protection League issued by the Reich Ministry of Aviation
3. Geography of Act	Germany
4. Text of Act	Article 5 - A member of the National Air Raid Protection League cannot be who is […] 2. a Jew, 3. or married to a Jew. Article 6 – An Official in the National Air Raid Protection League cannot be, who is […] 2. Half-Jew or married to a half-Jew […]. Berlin 28 May 1940 - The Minister of Aviation and Supreme Commander of the German Airforce, signed by Rüdel
5. Source	1940 Reichsgesetzblatt I, page 992, Accessed online
6. Translator	Franziska Wagener
7. Year of Translation	2016
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 9, 1940
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Law signed by King Caroll II regarding the status of Jews in Romania.
3. Geography of Act	Romania
4. Text of Act	All the civil and political rights of the Jews are abolished (...) Jews cannot possess land, be military career and enter the service of the State (...) Jews cannot be civil servants (…) are excluded boards of directors (...) and are forbidden to trade in rural communities.
5. Source	La disparition des Juifs de Roumanie. Matei Cazacu. Matériaux pour l'histoire de notre temps Année 2003 71 pp. 49-61 (The disappearance of the Jews of Romania. Matei Cazacu. Materials for the history of our time Year 2003 71 pp. 49-61);
6. Researcher & Translator	Cristina Penland
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	Researcher This law is heavily inspired by the racial laws of Nuremberg

1. Full Date of Act	Sep. 17, 1940
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decree concerning the Treatment of the Property of Citizens of the Former Polish State
3. Geography of Act	Germany / Occupied Poland
4. Text of Act	By virtue of the decree concerning the execution of the Four-Year Plan…it is decreed as follows for the territory of the Greater German Reich, including the incorporated Eastern Territories: Section 2. (1) Sequestration shall be ordered in connection with the property of: a) Jews b) Persons who have fled or are not merely temporarily absent. (2) Sequestration may be ordered: a) If the property is required for the public welfare, particularly in the interest of Reich defense or the strengthening of Germanism…
5. Source	Lemkin, Raphael: “Axis Rule in Occupied Europe: Laws of Occupation, Analysis of Government, Proposals for Redress.” pp. 506-512.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Sep. 23, 1940
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Law - 23 September 1940-XVIII, n. 1459 Additions to the Law of 13 July, 1939, n. 1055, containing provisions on testamentary as well as on the regulation of surnames, against persons belonging to the Jewish race
3. Geography of Act	Italy
4. Text of Act	... Articles 3 and 4 of the Law of 13 July, 1939, n. 1055, containing provisions on testamentary, as well as on the regulation of surnames, against persons belonging to the Jewish race, are replaced by the following: Art. 3 - 'Italian citizens, born jew father and mother does not belong to the Jewish race, that 'Under Article. 8, last paragraph, of the Royal Decree-Law of 17 November 1938-XVII, n. 1728, converted the Law of 5 January, 1939, n. 274, are not considered Jewish race, they can get to replace, their surname, that original mother, except what is art. 158, last paragraph of the decree R. July 9, 1939-XVII, no. 1238, on the organization of civil status. In the event that the original surname of the mother falls within the hypothesis set out in the said Article. 158, last paragraph of the Royal Decree of July 9, 1939-XVII, no. 1238, interested parties can get to change their surname with nothing between these hypotheses.' ... Victor Emmanuel Mussolini - Large - The Revel
5. Source	"The Anti-Jewish Laws of Fascist Italy," CDEC, Foundation Center of Contemporary Jewish Documentation, Accessed online.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	2015
8. Notes	Editor Google translated from Italian on 8/2015.

1. Full Date of Act	Sep. 27, 1940
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Order concerning Measures against the Jews, September 27, 1940, in Occupied France
3. Geography of Act	Germany / Occupied France
4. Text of Act	By Virtue of the authority vested in me by the Fuhrer and Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces, I hereby order as follows: Section 1. In the occupied territory any person will be considered a Jew who is or has been a member of the Jewish faith or who has more than two Jewish grandparents. Grandparents are to be considered as Jewish if they are or have been members of the Jewish faith. Section 2. Jews who have fled from the occupied territory are forbidden to return to the same. Section 3. Not later than October 20, 1940, every Jew shall be required to apply to the Subprefect (Sous-prefet) of the district (arrondissement) in which he has his residence or usually lives, for registration in the Register of Jews. ...Section 4. Any business, that is, any enterprise conducted for purposes of profit, whose owner or lessees are Jews, must be designated as a Jewish business in the German and French languages. Section 5. The residents of the Jewish religious communities shall be required to submit, on request, to the French authorities, any evidentiary documents which may be material to the enforcement of this order. Section 6. Violations of this order will be punishable by imprisonment and/or fine. In addition, forfeiture of the property of the violator may be ordered. Section 7. This order shall take effect as of the day of publication. On behalf of the Supreme Commander of the Army: The Chief of the Military Administration in France.
5. Source	Lemkin, Raphael: “Axis Rule in Occupied Europe: Laws of Occupation, Analysis of Government, Proposals for Redress.” p. 395
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Sep. 28, 1940
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Law - 28 September 1940-XVIII, n. 1403 Repeal of the state contribution in favor of the Hebrew kindergartens covered by the law July 30, 1896, n. 343
3. Geography of Act	Italy
4. Text of Act	... Art. 1 The annual contribution of L. 11,500 payable to kindergartens Hebrew under Article. 11 of Law 30 July 1896, n. 343, cease with effect from 1 July 1938-XVI. ... Victor Emmanuel Mussolini - The Revel
5. Source	"The Anti-Jewish Laws of Fascist Italy," CDEC, Foundation Center of Contemporary Jewish Documentation, Accessed online.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	2015
8. Notes	Editor Google translated from Italian on 8/2015.

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 3, 1940
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Law on the Status of Jews” issued by Chief of State of Vichy France Philippe Petain
3. Geography of Act	Vichy France
4. Text of Act	Article 1. - Is regarded as Jewish, for the purposes of this Act, any person after three grandparents of Jewish race or two grandparents of the same race, if their spouse is Jewish himself. Art. 2. - Access to and exercise of public functions and tasks outlined below are prohibited to the Jews: 1. Head of State, member of the Government, ...2. Agents within the Department of Foreign Affairs, Secretaries of departments, ...officials from all grades attached to all police departments. 3. General residents, ...governors and secretaries general of the colonies, ...4. Members of teaching staff. 5. Officers of the army, navy and air. 6. Directors, general secretaries in companies receiving concessions or grants from a public authority, the appointment to positions in Government enterprises of general interest. Art. 3. - Access to and exercise all public functions other than those listed in Article 2 are open to Jews only if they can rely on one of the following conditions: a) Hold the veteran's card 1914-1918 or have been cited during the 1914-1918 campaign, b) have been summoned to the agenda during the campaign 1939-1940; c) To be awarded the Legion of Honor ...Art. 4. - Access and the liberal professions, ...the functions delegated to officers and all officers of the court are permitted to the Jews, unless the regulations of public administration have fixed for them a specified proportion. In this case, the same regulations determine the conditions under which will be the elimination of redundant Jews. Art. 5. - Jews may not, ...perform any of the following professions: Managerial, editors of newspapers, magazines, periodicals or agencies, except for strictly scientific publications. Directors, ...managers companies whose purpose is the manufacture, printing, distribution, exhibition of motion pictures, stage directors ...managers of all business relating to broadcasting. ...Art. 7. - The Jewish officials referred to in Articles 2 and 3 shall cease to hold office within two months after the enactment of this Act. ...Done at Vichy, October 3, 1940. Ph. Petain...
5. Source	“Loi portant statut des juifs.” No author, Accessed online.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	2012
8. Notes	Editor Original webpage is in French, Google translation was used on 5/31/2012 to change text to English.

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 4, 1940
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“An Act relating to aliens of Jewish race” issued by Chief of State of Vichy France Philippe Petain
3. Geography of Act	Vichy France
4. Text of Act	We, Marshal of France, French head of state, The Cabinet heard, Decree: Article 1. - Foreign citizens of Jewish race may at the date of enactment of this Act, be interned in special camps by decision of the prefect of the department of residence. Art. 2. - It is made...with the secretary of state within a committee of the organization and administration of these camps. This fee includes: An Inspector General Administrative Services, the Police Director Planning and foreigners, or his representative; A representative of the Ministry of Finance. Art. 3. - Foreign citizens of Jewish race may at any time be assigned to assigned residence by the prefect of their residence. Art. 4. - This Decree shall be published in the Official Gazette to be seen as state law. Done at Vichy, October 4, 1940. Ph. PETAIN...
5. Source	“Loi sur les ressortissants etrangers de race juive.” No author, Accessed online.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	2012
8. Notes	Editor Original webpage is in French, Google translation was used on 5/31/2012 to change text to English.

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 5, 1940
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Statutory Decree issued by Prime Minister Antonescu
3. Geography of Act	Romania
4. Text of Act	Under Antonescu…the statutory decree of October 5, 1940, defined Jews as ‘all those both of whose parents, or only one of them, [were Jewish], regardless of whether they or their parents were baptized…whether they are Romanian citizens, or whether they have their residence within the territory of our country.’
5. Source	“1. The Legal Status of the Jews in Romania; Fascist Anti-Semitic Legislation.” No author, Online article.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	2011
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 7, 1940
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decree signed by Philippe Pétain
3. Geography of Act	Algeria; France; Germany / Occupied Vichy France
4. Text of Act	We Marshal of France, French Head of State, the Council of Ministers heard, decree: Article 1: - The decree of the Government of the National Defense of 24 October 1870 is repealed in that it regulates the political rights of the native Jews of the departments of Algeria and declares them French citizens." (…)
5. Source	"Memoire et Traditions des Juifs en Algerie" ("Memory and Traditions of Jews in Algeria.") Annex N ° 10: Departmental Center of Information of Oran. Intelligence bulletin. Oran October 9, 1940.
6. Researcher & Translator	Cristina Penland
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	Researcher This decree abolished the previous law of October 24, 1870, titled the Crémieux Decree, which previously granted French citizenship to Jews in Algeria.

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 9, 1940
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Regulation on the Limitation of Schooling of Persons of Jewish Origin issued by the Yugoslav Government
3. Geography of Act	Yugoslavia
4. Text of Act	Article I: At universities, high schools with the rank of universities, higher, middle, normal, and other vocational schools may be enrolled only a fixed number of pupils of Jewish origin. This number will be determined in such a way that they will be a proportion to the number of other pupils of this school in that ratio in which citizens of Jewish origin are to be found in proportion to the number of other citizens. […]
5. Source	Global Jewish Advocacy: Anti-Semitism: An Assault on Human Rights; Accessed online.
6. Researcher	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research	2016
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Nov. 18, 1940
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Prohibition Order for Jewish Credit Unions issued by the Bank Supervisory Body for Overseeing Credit Unions
3. Geography of Act	Germany / Occupied Poland
4. Text of Act	Article 1 - […] Business operations of all Jewish cooperative banks, that have no special permit from me, are prohibited with immediate effect. 18 November 1940- The Representative of the Bank Supervisory Body for Overseeing the Credit Unions, Platenik.
5. Source	Yad Vashem Archives, the Weichert Collection, file no. 1, page 72.
6. Translator	Franziska Wagener
7. Year of Translation
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Dec. 4, 1940
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decree No. 3984 issued by Prime Minister Ion Antonescu
3. Geography of Act	Romania
4. Text of Act	I. Decree-Law Relative To The Status Of Military Evreilor5 Article 1. Jews, ...Decree-Law of August 9, 1940, regarding the legal status of the Hebrew people in Romania, ...are excluded from military service. They are obliged to pay the fees settled by military law, ...Article 2. Are also required, to pay military taxes and Jews who, because of physical, would be found unfit for military service, according to article. 25 of the law on military recruitment, and those excluded from military service, …Article 8. Concentrations during prolonged mobilization or war, Jews can be used in military or labor service of public interest. Professionals with degrees (doctors, pharmacists, veterinarians, engineers, architects, etc..) Will be used, according to their specialty or training, as requisitioned and paid a per diem that is fixed by ministerial decision. ...Article 10. Jews are excluded also from pre-military training, being forced instead to pay during the three years (from 18 years to 21 years) the fee provided for in law premilitary the Hebrew military taxes. ...Article 14. Jews in the territory of enterprises provided for mobilization can be requisitioned for work is exempt work of public interest, ...During requisition for work, they will continue to pay taxes under the law on military taxes Hebrew...Given in Bucharest on December 4, 1940. Head of the Romanian State and President of the Council of Ministers, General Ion Antonescu, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Justice, G. Michael A. Antonescu Cretzianu Secretary of State to Ministry of National Defense army, C. General Pantazi No. 3984...
5. Source	“Legi rasiale in regimul Ion Antonescu. Munca Obsteasca obligatory Arhivele Sfera Politicii." [Laws racial regime of Ion Antonescu. Policy Scope Archives obligatory public organization work] Alexandru Florian, Accessed online.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	2012
8. Notes	Editor Original webpage is in Romanian, Google translate was used on 8/8/2012 to change text to English.

1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Order issued by Colonel Vasile Nica
3. Geography of Act	Transnistria
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “On September 3, 1941, Colonel Vasile Nica, the prefect of Balta county, ordered all the Jews?or ‘kikes’ (jidani) as he termed them in the ordinance in the town to move into the ghetto (in an area restricted to four streets) within three days. He appointed the Jewish elder Pribluda Shloimu Abramovici as head of the ghetto, allowing him to select colleagues to assist in administration. An independent bakery, pharmacy, and hospital staffed solely by Jews were to be established; flour for the bakery was to be provided by the town of Balta as an advance against payment for its products. A market was to be set up where the inhabitants could buy and sell produce between 9:00 a.m. and noon. The head of the ghetto was also authorized to organize a Jewish police force to protect the lives and belongings of the residents.” "Ghettos 1939-1945 New Research and Perspectives on Definition, Daily Life, and Survival." ushmm.org 2) “On September 3, 1941 Colonel Vasile Nica, within three days, ordered all district Jews into a ghetto across four street blocks. He appointed one Jew as a 'primar' who was authorized set up a Jewish police force, prohibiting any one to leave the ghetto and sentenced everyone 14-60 years old, men and women, to hard labor. In addition, every Jew had to wear a yellow star and a registration number. Balta had local Jews as well as Jews deported from Bessarabia, Bukovina, and Dorohoi.” "Balta Ghetto Listings: Introduction By Oleg Sirbu and Nolan Altman." JewishGen.org, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Law Restricting the use of Yiddish in Public Administration"
3. Geography of Act	Romania
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "Under the pretext that the Jews were dangerous, disloyal, Communist collaborators, and spies, thousands who lived along the border were moved from their homes into the interior of the country." "Shattered! 50 Years of Silence: History and Voices of the Tragedy in Romania and Transnistria: Anti-Jewish Decrees;" nizkor.org
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Prague
3. Geography of Act	Czech Republic
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "Jews are excluded from the purchase of wines and spirits." "Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council," Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Prague
3. Geography of Act	Czech Republic
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "Following an announcement by the Ministry of Finance Jews were encouraged to deposit their stamp or other collections in their name with a foreign exchange bank, at the latest by 15.03.41. A stamp collection is not only a collection for the purpose of philately but also a stock of stamps. The announcement does not apply to Jews of foreign nationality or to those non-Jews married to a Jewish spouse in a mixed marriage." "Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council," Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Order issued by Reich Commissioner in Occupied Netherlands
3. Geography of Act	Germany / Occupied
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “In the Netherlands, the Reich Commissioner issued on August 9, 1941, a decree concerning the treatment of Jewish capital. According to this decree, Jews are prevented from disposing of their capital in the form of securities and bank accounts amounting to more than a thousand florins. Some exception was made in cases where capital did not exceed ten thousand florins and the yearly income did not exceed three thousand florins.” Lemkin, Raphael: “Axis Rule in Occupied Europe: Laws of Occupation, Analysis of Government, Proposals for Redress.” pp. 71-72
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Prague
3. Geography of Act	Czech Republic
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "Jews permitted to visit barbers and haircutting salons only between 8:00 and 10:00." "Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council," Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decree No. 23 issued by Gheorghe Alexianu
3. Geography of Act	Transnistria
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “On 11 November [1941] Gheorghe Alexianu, the Romanian Governor of Transnistria, made public Decree No. 23 concerning the organization of Jewish life; this decree became the 'constitution' of the ghettos and camps. According to the decree, Jews were confined to those villages and towns where local Jews or Russians had lived before. The local gendarmerie was authorized to select the places of residence. The decree further limited their movement and stipulated that they had to earn their living by forced labor for the benefit of the authorities (in the Agreement of Tighina, clause 7 referred to Jewish forced labor for the German Army). A fixed wage of one mark per day for simple workers and two marks for professionals and specialists was to be paid by allotment of food, which was to be supplied by the authorities. The decree also dealt with the internal structure of the community (called 'colonie' in the text). Every community had to choose a 'head' from among the deportees to serve as its spokesman, pending the approval of the pretor of the region (usually a Romanian officer). The 'head' was personally responsible for fulfilling all the demands for labor set by the Romanian authorities and for detailing workers for different tasks, some of them very difficult. The workers were divided into groups of twenty, headed by a chief who also had to be approved by the pretor. Decree No. 23 was little more than deception. It gave the impression that there was a clear Romanian Jewish policy for Transnistria, and it referred to what might be considered as the 'normal life' of deported people in war conditions. But, although the decree covered elements of regular daily life-dwelling, food supplies, work and self organization- in reality the physical and material condition of the deportees was completely disregarded." "The Holocaust in the Soviet Union: Studies and Sources on the Destruction of the Jews in the Nazi-Occupied Territories of the Ussr, 1941-1945." Lucjan Dobroszycki. Page 141. Online book, Accessed on 10/10/2012 2) “The official determination of living conditions for all Jews in Transnistria—deported and local—was set out in decree no. 23 issued by Gheorghe Alexianu, Governor of Transnistria, on 11 November 1941. Here, the term colony (colonie) was introduced to describe those communities of Jews living in towns and villages. Later, in the language of official reports, as we shall see in respect of Golta county, ‘ghetto’ and ‘colony’ were sometimes interchangeable—the ghetto comprising no more than three or four houses—while the distinction between ‘colony’ and ‘labour camp’ (lag-r de munc?) was occasionally blurred, the term ‘labour colony’ (colonie de munc?) being employed.” "Hitler’s Forgotten Ally: Ion Antonescu and his Regime, Romania, 1940-1944, Chapter 8, Transnistria: The Fate of the Jews and Romas." Dennis Deletant, Palgrave-Macmillan. 2006, Pages 198-99. Online, Accessed on 12/31/2013
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Prague
3. Geography of Act	Czech Republic
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "Jews are prohibited from managing industrial undertakings of the following kind: a) Wholesale and retail on own or outside account, b) Restaurant and catering trade, c) Insurance brokerage, d) Shipping, e) Removal and storage, f) Travel agency, g) Tourist guide, h) Transport and haulage business including hire of lorries and haulage vans, i) Banking and money exchange, j) Pawn broking, k) Information and collection agency, l) Security services, m) Vending machine installation, n) Advertising agency, o) Estate and mortgage agency, p) Professional employment agency, q) Marriage bureau" "Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council," Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Prague
3. Geography of Act	Czech Republic
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "Jews are excluded from receiving onions. Jews are excluded from receiving garlic." "Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council," Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None