Acts – Page 146 – OAJA.org

1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Prague
3. Geography of Act	Czech Republic
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "Jews are excluded from the purchase of wines and spirits." "Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council," Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
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1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Prague
3. Geography of Act	Czech Republic
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "Following an announcement by the Ministry of Finance Jews were encouraged to deposit their stamp or other collections in their name with a foreign exchange bank, at the latest by 15.03.41. A stamp collection is not only a collection for the purpose of philately but also a stock of stamps. The announcement does not apply to Jews of foreign nationality or to those non-Jews married to a Jewish spouse in a mixed marriage." "Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council," Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
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6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
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1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Order issued by Reich Commissioner in Occupied Netherlands
3. Geography of Act	Germany / Occupied
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “In the Netherlands, the Reich Commissioner issued on August 9, 1941, a decree concerning the treatment of Jewish capital. According to this decree, Jews are prevented from disposing of their capital in the form of securities and bank accounts amounting to more than a thousand florins. Some exception was made in cases where capital did not exceed ten thousand florins and the yearly income did not exceed three thousand florins.” Lemkin, Raphael: “Axis Rule in Occupied Europe: Laws of Occupation, Analysis of Government, Proposals for Redress.” pp. 71-72
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1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Prague
3. Geography of Act	Czech Republic
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "Jews permitted to visit barbers and haircutting salons only between 8:00 and 10:00." "Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council," Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
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7. Year of Research	None
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1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decree No. 23 issued by Gheorghe Alexianu
3. Geography of Act	Transnistria
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “On 11 November [1941] Gheorghe Alexianu, the Romanian Governor of Transnistria, made public Decree No. 23 concerning the organization of Jewish life; this decree became the 'constitution' of the ghettos and camps. According to the decree, Jews were confined to those villages and towns where local Jews or Russians had lived before. The local gendarmerie was authorized to select the places of residence. The decree further limited their movement and stipulated that they had to earn their living by forced labor for the benefit of the authorities (in the Agreement of Tighina, clause 7 referred to Jewish forced labor for the German Army). A fixed wage of one mark per day for simple workers and two marks for professionals and specialists was to be paid by allotment of food, which was to be supplied by the authorities. The decree also dealt with the internal structure of the community (called 'colonie' in the text). Every community had to choose a 'head' from among the deportees to serve as its spokesman, pending the approval of the pretor of the region (usually a Romanian officer). The 'head' was personally responsible for fulfilling all the demands for labor set by the Romanian authorities and for detailing workers for different tasks, some of them very difficult. The workers were divided into groups of twenty, headed by a chief who also had to be approved by the pretor. Decree No. 23 was little more than deception. It gave the impression that there was a clear Romanian Jewish policy for Transnistria, and it referred to what might be considered as the 'normal life' of deported people in war conditions. But, although the decree covered elements of regular daily life-dwelling, food supplies, work and self organization- in reality the physical and material condition of the deportees was completely disregarded." "The Holocaust in the Soviet Union: Studies and Sources on the Destruction of the Jews in the Nazi-Occupied Territories of the Ussr, 1941-1945." Lucjan Dobroszycki. Page 141. Online book, Accessed on 10/10/2012 2) “The official determination of living conditions for all Jews in Transnistria—deported and local—was set out in decree no. 23 issued by Gheorghe Alexianu, Governor of Transnistria, on 11 November 1941. Here, the term colony (colonie) was introduced to describe those communities of Jews living in towns and villages. Later, in the language of official reports, as we shall see in respect of Golta county, ‘ghetto’ and ‘colony’ were sometimes interchangeable—the ghetto comprising no more than three or four houses—while the distinction between ‘colony’ and ‘labour camp’ (lag-r de munc?) was occasionally blurred, the term ‘labour colony’ (colonie de munc?) being employed.” "Hitler’s Forgotten Ally: Ion Antonescu and his Regime, Romania, 1940-1944, Chapter 8, Transnistria: The Fate of the Jews and Romas." Dennis Deletant, Palgrave-Macmillan. 2006, Pages 198-99. Online, Accessed on 12/31/2013
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1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Prague
3. Geography of Act	Czech Republic
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "Jews are prohibited from managing industrial undertakings of the following kind: a) Wholesale and retail on own or outside account, b) Restaurant and catering trade, c) Insurance brokerage, d) Shipping, e) Removal and storage, f) Travel agency, g) Tourist guide, h) Transport and haulage business including hire of lorries and haulage vans, i) Banking and money exchange, j) Pawn broking, k) Information and collection agency, l) Security services, m) Vending machine installation, n) Advertising agency, o) Estate and mortgage agency, p) Professional employment agency, q) Marriage bureau" "Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council," Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
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7. Year of Research	None
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1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Prague
3. Geography of Act	Czech Republic
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "Jews are excluded from receiving onions. Jews are excluded from receiving garlic." "Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council," Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
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6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
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1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Law issued by Prime Minister Ion Antonescu
3. Geography of Act	Romania [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	"General Staff Division II of the Presidency of the Council of Ministers (Cabinet of Military) I have the honor to make known: By employing Jews to work for universal use, they can make contact with people in our villages, where they try to make Communist propaganda or - corruption - to get certain benefits, or to infect them with diseases. ...It is therefore read as follows: ...that Romanian Jews to live in houses, - the Jews accommodation will be done outside the towns. To this end will build huts or barracks immediately. ...General Staff General, N. Mazan Head of Section II of Lt. Colonel, R. Dinulescu VI. Copy N. 37 721 1941 months XI on 13."
5. Source	“Legi rasiale in regimul Ion Antonescu. Munca Obsteasca obligatory Arhivele Sfera Politicii." [Laws racial regime of Ion Antonescu. Policy Scope Archives obligatory public organization work] Alexandru Florian, Accessed online 8/8/2012
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7. Year of Research	None
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1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Law issued in occupied Luxembourg
3. Geography of Act	Germany / Occupied
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “Jewish restrictions followed, including the requirement in September 1941, that all Jews wear a badge with a yellow star with the word 'Jude' on it." Webb, Chris: “The Destruction of the Jews of Luxembourg.” holocaustresearchproject.org 2) “In September 1941 the Jews of Luxembourg were ordered to wear the Jewish badge (see also Badge, Jewish), and many were laced in a ghetto-like camp which soon became the assembly point for deportations to the east.” "Luxembourg." YadVashem, SHOAH Resource Center website
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1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Prague
3. Geography of Act	Czech Republic
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "Jews are prohibited entry to any woods open to the public within Greater Prague, including private woods." "Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council," Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
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6. Researcher	None
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1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Prague
3. Geography of Act	Czech Republic
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "The public performance and mechanical reproduction of works of music where Jews participate as composers, editors of compositions or are participating as practicing artists is forbidden. This prohibition also extends to works of music by non-Jewish composers where the words used are by Jewish librettists." "Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council," Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
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6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
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1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decree law No. 504” issued by Ion Antonescu
3. Geography of Act	Romania
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “The same motivation was used to prohibit Jews from hiring Romanian servants.” “The Exclusion of Jews from Romanian Society During the Antonescu Governments With and Without the Iron Guard: Antisemitic legislation, Romanianization, and Expropriation.” (November 11, 2004) ushmm.org; pp. 4-5
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1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Prague
3. Geography of Act	Czech Republic
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "Jews not to benefit from season ticket fares reduction. Jews completely excluded from the use of tramcars in Brünn / Brno." "Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council," Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
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6. Researcher	None
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1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decree issued by military commander in Serbia
3. Geography of Act	Germany / Occupied
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “In order to isolate the Jews from every source of help from the local population, severe penalties have been introduced for extending such help to them. In that part of Yugoslavia designated as Serbia, the military commander issued an order dated December 22, 1941, imposing the death penalty on any person who shelters or hides Jews or accepts any object of value from Jews for safekeeping.” Lemkin, Raphael: “Axis Rule in Occupied Europe: Laws of Occupation, Analysis of Government, Proposals for Redress.” p. 72
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1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Prague
3. Geography of Act	Czech Republic
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "Jews are prohibited from walking on either bank of the river Moldau / Vltava between the railway bridge in Smíchov and the Hlávka bridge." "Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council," Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
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1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Law issued by Croatian government
3. Geography of Act	Croatia
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “April 30, 1941: Racial legislation enacted at Zagreb, Croatia, by the pro-German government removes Jews from public office.” “1941: Mass Murder.” Online book; p. 226
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7. Year of Research	None
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1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Jewish Code” issued by Parliament
3. Geography of Act	Slovakia
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “The large number of anti-Jewish decrees and the pressure exerted by extreme nationalists to base all anti-Jewish legislation on Nazi Germany’s Nuremberg Laws led to a revision of the decrees and to their centralization within the context of a single law. The term ‘Jew’ was redefined – this time on a racial basis. The decrees became 270 sections of this new law, ‘The Legal Status of the Jews in Slovakia,’ which became known as the Jewish Code. The Code, which was approved by parliament on September 9, 1941, was welcomed by the Nazi leaders in Berlin and by Slovak radicals." Fatran, Gila: “Slovakia’s Righteous among the Nations.” yadvashem.org 2) The government of the State of Slovakia has issued yesterday a decree defining the legal position of Jews. Today, the ‘Jewish Codex’ containing detailed anti-Jewish measures and rules which are in force as of today, was published. The governmental decree contains 270 paragraphs. It may be said that this step performed by the Slovak government is one of the most important and basic ones, since it involves, basically, the economic and public life in Slovakia. Undoubtedly, the Jewish problem has remained, here in Slovakia, the most burning problem. Even whilst strict rules were already in force, there still remained loopholes which had to be filled in order to end, once and for all, the Jewish rule. This is achieved by this latest decree. Although we can only list the only in the essence and basics those new rules defining the Jews in Slovakia, we cannot but accentuate the fact the people of Slovakia here, since the beginning of their struggle for independence and national unity, fought against this power and reign of Jewish terror. Nobody has hit and driven into poverty the people of Slovakia more than the Jews did in a systematic manner...In this way Andrej Hlinka led the nation, the party, his successor, the State and nation leader Dr. Jozef Tiso, who has expressed himself, similarly and clearly, in the new situation...This is also the purpose of the ‘Jewish Codex’ which has been published today in Bratislava, and according to which, all single organs of the Slovakian State will deal uncompromisingly and consistently with the greatest tyrants of the Slovakian nation, the Jews. And thus perform one of the best, most precious and most blessed services to the Slovakian nation and so, to satisfy all Slovaks, in the spirit of the national struggle, national consolidating and regulating endeavors, and let them find, after the Jews have gone, that everything in Slovakia belongs to them: The wealth given us by God and morals untouched by nobody and by nothing...Slovak, no 209, September 11, 1941.” “Defining the Legal Position of the Jews in Slovakia.” jewishvirtuallibrary.org
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1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Expropriation of Jewish Real Estate Properties"
3. Geography of Act	Romania
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "... yet another decree legalized the expropriation of Jewish real estate." "Shattered! 50 Years of Silence: History and Voices of the Tragedy in Romania and Transnistria: Anti-Jewish Decrees;" nizkor.org
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7. Year of Research	None
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1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Law issued by Vichy government
3. Geography of Act	Vichy France
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “A census of Jews and Jewish property was also decreed. The law of July 22, 1941, gave the General Commissioner wide powers in the process of expropriating Jewish property and business.” Dawidowicz, Lucy S.: “The War Against the Jews: 1933-1945.” (1975) p. 438 2) “July 22, 1941: France’s Vichy government begins expropriation of Jewish businesses.” “1941: Mass Murder.” Online book
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1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Prague
3. Geography of Act	Czech Republic
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "Jews are prohibited from entering public libraries and no books are to be lent to them." "Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council," Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
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1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Prague
3. Geography of Act	Czech Republic
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "Jews are prohibited from playing the lottery." "Nazi Restrictions on the Jews of Prague & The Role of the Jewish Community Council," Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team, Accessed 8/27/2015
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7. Year of Research	None
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1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Jewish Dress Code"
3. Geography of Act	Romania
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "All Romanian Jews were ordered to wear the yellow badge." Evans, Richard J.: The Third Reich at War, 1939-1945 (Penguin Books; 2008) p. 231
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7. Year of Research	None
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1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Registration of Jews"
3. Geography of Act	Poland
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "Poles caught selling food to Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto are automatically sentenced to three years of hard labor. The daily bread ration for Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto is reduced to three ounces a day." "The Holocaust: Timeline of Jewish Persecution (1932 - 1945);" jewishvirtuallibrary.org
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7. Year of Research	None
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1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decree issued by Vichy government
3. Geography of Act	Vichy France
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “A decree enacted on November 29, 1941, established the Union Generale des Israelites de France (UGIF), whose officially stated purpose was to provide representation for all Jews vis-a-vis the state authorities, especially with regard to relief and social welfare. All existing Jewish organizations, excepting religious associations, were ordered dissolved and their property turned over to UGIF. Its board was to be administered by eighteen French-born Jews, nine in each zone, and to be under the authority of the General Commissariat for Jewish Affairs.” Dawidowicz, Lucy S.: “The War Against the Jews: 1933-1945.” (1975) p. 438, Online book 2) “In other countries occupied by the Nazis Jewish councils were established in France a central Judenrat, the Union Generale Des Israelites De France (UGIF) was set up on 29 November 1941. It consisted of two branches, one in German –occupied northern France and the other in Vichy France, in the south. All other political and public Jewish organisations were shut down, though most continued to operate as independent bodies under the cover of UGIF departments, which enabled them to combine their legal functions with their clandestine aid and rescue operations. The UGIF was headed by prominent pre-war Jewish leaders who took no part in the arrest, imprisonment, and deportation of Jews, and who tried to ease the overall lot of the French Jews.” Webb, Chris and Raglund, Robert: “The Judenrat; Councils of Elders.” Online article
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1. Full Date of Act	1941
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decree by the Reich Commissioner for the occupied territories of the Netherlands, Artur Seyss-Inquart - 3328-PS
3. Geography of Act	Germany / Occupied
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “Following his assumption of office in the Netherlands on 29 May 1940, Seyss-Inquart, pursuant to the authority vested in him as Reich Commissar of the Netherlands by the Fuehrer decree of 18 May 1940, systematically promulgated decrees designed to implement the Nazi program of persecution and elimination of Jews...Other anti-Semitic decrees of a like nature, all of which were signed by Seyss-Inquart and published in the Verordnungsblatt fuer die besetzen niederlandischen Gebiete (VOBL) [Official Gazette for the occupied Dutch territories], may be summarized as follows: 3328-PS, Verordnungsblatt, No. 44, p. 841, 23 October 1941. No Jew can exercise any profession and trade without authorization from the administrative authorities which may refuse it or set up special conditions for its exercise. Administrative authorities may order the determination or the liquidation of any employment contract concerning a Jew. Any employer may terminate a contract with a Jew by giving notice on the first day of any calendar month if the general legal provisions of the contract provide for a longer term of notice, or if the contract is to expire normally at a date after 31 January 1942. An indemnity ranging from one to six times the monthly salary of the dismissed Jew may be, under certain circumstances, allocated as a settlement of all claims against the employer.” “Artur Seyss-Inquart.” jewishvirtuallibrary.org
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7. Year of Research	None
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