Acts – Page 25 – OAJA.org

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 23, 1295
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Official Land Registration Book of Cologne”
3. Geography of Act	Electorate of Cologne; Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	[…] The masters/heads of the Jews of Cologne ('magistri iudei Colonie') have transferred ownership of the front-half of the house 'Nichol' […] to Franco of Cornu and his wife Richmudis […] under the condition that the Jews are to be responsible to pay the estate tax on the entire house. If they (the Jews) fail to make the payment to the aforementioned Franco or his heirs and they suffer damages because of this, the damages are to be settled by all the Jews who live in Cologne and their goods. […]
5. Source	Köln, HAStadt, Best. 101, Nr. 103, fol. 18r, Orig., lat., Perg. (“Cologne, Main Archive of the City, Best. 101, No. 103, fol. 18r, Orig[inal, Latin, [on] Parchment Paper.”)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 18, 1295
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Ordinance” of Archbishop of Gerhard of Mainz
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Free Imperial City of Mainz
4. Text of Act	Gerhard, Archbishop by the grace of God […] and Arch-Chancellor of Germany […] declares […] that because of the merits of the warden of the princely reservoir-chamber and treasury Eberhard, and the churchwarden Henry, and the judges, councilmen, and citizens of Mainz, the goods and properties that these now own or will gain in the future in the jurisdiction of Mainz, are exempt from any tax or levy except for the customary interests. […] All Jews of Mainz (individuals, heirs, and their successors), however, may be taxed as desired […] while the Archbishopric (Erzstift) shall require no more than 112 Mark of Aachener Pennies annually on St. Martin’s Day from the Jews. […]*
5. Source	Mainz, StadtA, U / 1295 Juni 18 / I, Orig. (A), lat., Perg.; Darmstadt, StA, A 2, Nr. 168/247 (Transsumpt des Mainzer Erzbischofs Heinrich von Virneburg vom 4. April 1329 (B); Würzburg, StA, Mainzer Bücher verschiedenen Inhalts 23, S. 89-91 (Abschr., 15. Jh.) (C), mit dt. Übers. S. 91-93; ebda., Mainzer Bücher verschiedenen Inhalts 75, fol. 18r-19r (Abschr., 15. Jh.?) (D), mit dt. Übers. fol. 19r-20r. (Mainz, City Archive, U/1295 June 18/I, Orig[inal] (A), Latin, [on] Parchment Paper; Darmstadt, State Archive, A 2, No. 168/247 (Insert of the Archbishop of Mainz, Henry of Virneburg, April 4, 1329 (B), Würzburg, City Archive, Mainz Book of Various Content 23, p. 89-91 (Copy, 15th Cent.) (C) with German translations p. 91-93, ibid, Mainz Books of Various Contents 75, fol. 18r-19r (Copy, 15th Cent.?) (D) with German translations fol. 19r-20r.)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher This Ordinance was confirmed by King Albrecht I on May 19, 1301. *Also, this passage from old German text has been paraphrased in an effort to make the translation of the long Act brief and comprehensible.

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 31, 1295
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Papal bull, from Boniface VIII to Magister Paulinus von Aspalt, Canon of St. Paul of Treves
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	The heads of the Convent of the Holy Virgin Mary in Aldenburg, of the Premonstratensian Order, have complained to us that the Jewish inhabitants of Wetzlar, of the Diocese of Treves, had erected a new synagogue within the parish of the convent, despite the fact that this is prejudicial to the interests of the Prior and the convent, and a burden, and contrary to canon law. If this is so, the said Jews must be compelled, on pain of boycott by the Faithful, to make amends for this injury, without option of appeal.
5. Source	Grayzel, Solomon. The Church and the Jews in the XIIIth Century, Volume II (1254-1315). The Jewish Theological Seminary of America: New York, 1989. Page 199.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 28, 1295
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Order” issued by the Councilmen of the City to Clothmakers
3. Geography of Act	Margraviate of Brandenburg; Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	[…] Also, we forbid, anyone from purchasing their yarn/thread from the Jews. […]
5. Source	City Book of Berlin (“Berlinischer Stadtbuch”), S. 68ff; UB zur Berlinischer Chronik (“Chronicle of Berlin”), No. 32, S. 11.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1296
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Edict issued by the Parliament of Pisa
3. Geography of Act	Holy Roman Empire
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “The parliament of Sicily issued an edicts that required Jew to wear clothing that would make them distinguishable from the Christians.” Scherer, Johann E.: Die Rechtverhältnisse der Juden in den deutsch-österreichischen Ländern (Leipzig; 1901) p. 57
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Feb. 12, 1296
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decree by King Albert I, Duke of Austria and Styria, for the City of Vienna
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Austria
4. Text of Act	[…] 5. Whereas we wish to remain true to the Christian principality [of Austria], so it is that we exile the Jews from the enjoyment of any official functions in the city of Vienna, so that they may not oppress the Christians, under the cloak of either their business or their civil service, since righteous authority has, in the olden times, bestowed them for their sins with the punishment of eternal servitude.
5. Source	Brugger, Eveline & Wiedl, Birgit. Regesten zur Geschichte der Juden in Österreich im Mittelalter. Band 1: Von den Anfängen bis 1338 (Regests on the History of the Jews in Austria during the Middle Ages. Volume 1: From the Beginnings to 1338). Studienverlag: Innsbruck, Austria, 2005. Page 93.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 15, 1297
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of King Adolf
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	King Adolf (‘Adolfus’) loans/grants (‘verleiht’) ten Mark to Speyer citizen Ebelin (Evelino ante Monasterium’) from the annual revenues, which are to be raised from the Jews of Speyer.
5. Source	Urkunden zur Geschichte der Stadt Speyer. Mit Historischen Verein der Pfalz zu Speyer gewidmet von Heinrich Hilgard-Villard. Gesammelt und herausgegeben von Alfred Hilgard. (Strassburg; 1885); (Official documents regarding the history of the city Speyer. With the Historical Society of the Palatine of Speyer, dedicated by Heinrich Hilgard-Willard. Collected and published by Alfred Hilgard. (Strasbourg; 1885)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Latin text both of which can be found in the cited source. The original can be found in the City-Archive of Speyer.

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 17, 1297
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Letter from Brother Arnold Déjean, Inquisitor, to the Jews of Pamiers
3. Geography of Act	Present-day France
4. Text of Act	In view of the fact that the Catholic Church, hopeful and confident that God will remove the veil from your hearts, supports your presence and tolerates your rites, therefore, we, following in the footsteps of our predecessors, grant the following to your collectivity: You may live and conduct yourself acceptably in manner and custom, just as the Jews of Narbonne are permitted to live and conduct themselves. We, for our part, have no intention of imposing upon you any serious or unusual innovations. We grant you this by these letters, and we affix our seal in witness of the above.
5. Source	Grayzel, Solomon. The Church and the Jews in the XIIIth Century, Volume II (1254-1315). The Jewish Theological Seminary of America: New York, 1989. Page 21.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 7, 1297
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Additional Taxation” order of King Adolf
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Free Imperial City of Frankfurt
4. Text of Act	We Adolf, King of the Romans by the grace of God, […] promise to give Archbishop Gerhard von Eppenstein of Mainz, as compensation for the expenses he suffered in Our service and in that of the Reich (Empire) […] 500 Marks annually of which 200 are to come from the (regular) taxes and 300 from the Jews of Frankfurt. […].
5. Source	UB Frankfurt 1, Nr. 712, S. 355 f. (“Certificate Book [of] Frankfurt 1, No. 712, p. 355 f.”);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher These taxes were to be paid in addition to the 5000 Mark they were required to pay.

1. Full Date of Act	Sep. 3, 1297
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Papal bull from Boniface VIII to Marguerite, widow of King Charles of Sicily
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Italy
4. Text of Act	In favor of your request, we grant you permission to choose a confessor who will absolve you from the sin of having extorted money from Jews of your territory […], provided that under the advice and guidance of this confessor, you will use the money for sustaining the feeble and the poor. We further absolve you from any decree of excommunication imposed upon you by the late bishop of Le Mans, or by any other ecclesiastical judge.
5. Source	Grayzel, Solomon. The Church and the Jews in the XIIIth Century, Volume II (1254-1315). The Jewish Theological Seminary of America: New York, 1989. Page 201.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher This bull is Boniface’s reply to a supplication from Marguerite, who felt her conscience weighing heavy on her, on account of her extortionist activities. Despite the detailed “Jew Rolls” of the time, which facilitated such heavy “Jew taxes,” the Pope decides that the money is better put to Christian uses than to return it to the Jews, and in a two-for-one deal of sorts, he even un-excommunicates Marguerite for her troubles.

1. Full Date of Act	1298
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Diocesan Synod of Würzburg” issued under Bishop Manegold
3. Geography of Act	Prince-Bishopric of Wurzburg [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	“We have established that sacred objects are not permitted to be pawned off, except during times of [financial] distress of the church and only with the approval of the parishioners. Chalices and holy garments are not to be left with Jews, unless they are securely locked, so that they cannot be touched by their [Jews] hands and bring insult to the Savior.” , since King Adolf died in a battle on July 2 at Göllheim (Rhineland-Palatinate), the expert conclude that the Synod must have taken place before [July 2]."]
5. Source	Medieval Ashkenaz: Corpus der Quellen zur Geschichte der Juden im Spätmittlealterlichen Reich; Synoden und Konzilien 1, Nr. 6 (Corpus of the Sources on the History of Jews in the Late Middles Ages; Synods and Councils 1, No. 6).
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher Additional comment from the source: "The date line is missing from the Latin manuscript. [However

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 11, 1298
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Adolf von Nassau
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Adolf of Nassau vows to owe Count Eberhard von Katzenelnbogen 3500 Mark and pledges to him and his heir 300 Mark annually from the revenues of the imperial taxes of Oppenheim, then the Jews, and then their levies (‘Ungeld’).
5. Source	Regesten zur Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland während des Mittelalters. Bearbeitet von Dr. M. Wiener. Erster Teil. (Regesta regarding the history of Jews in Germany during the Middle Ages. Edited by M[eir] Wiener, PhD. First Part.); (Hannover; 1862);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher *Ungeld was akin to a consumption tax placed on goods and services. The above is a translation of a German summary of a Latin text. The original text can be found in Wenck’s Urkundenbuch für Hessische Landesgeschichte.

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 22, 1298
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Adolph von Nassau
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	King Adolf pledges the [imperial] revenues of the local Jews to the city of Speyer as compensation for the damages his people caused during his move [to Alsace] until all the claims-for-damages set by the magistrate are paid back in full.
5. Source	Urkunden zur Geschichte der Stadt Speyer. Mit Historischen Verein der Pfalz zu Speyer gewidmet von Heinrich Hilgard-Villard. Gesammelt und herausgegeben von Alfred Hilgard. (Strassburg; 1885); (Official documents regarding the history of the city Speyer. With the Historical Society of the Palatine of Speyer, dedicated by Heinrich Hilgard-Willard. Collected and published by Alfred Hilgard. (Strasbourg; 1885);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Latin text both of which can be found in the cited source. The original can is located at the City-Archive of Speyer.

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 28, 1298
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Official Document” issued by King Albrecht I of Habsburg
3. Geography of Act	Europe (multi-countries)
4. Text of Act	[…] King Albrecht I of Habsburg transfers the city of Sanzig along with the court and the revenues, the office of the bailiff, and the Jews of the town, the courts of Westhofen, Elmenhorst and Brackel […] to Archbishop Wikbold of Cologne as a thank for his support during his election […].
5. Source	Köln, HAStadt, Best. 210, U 3/601, Orig., lat., Perg. (“Cologne, Historical Archive of the City, Record 210, U 3/601, Orig[inal], Latin, [on] Parchment Paper”);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Editor Present-day Austria, Germany, Slovenia, Switzerland

1. Full Date of Act	1299
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Exhibita nobis” (“Show Us”) issued by Pope Boniface VIII
3. Geography of Act	Papal States
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) Declaring Jews to be included among powerful persons who might be denounced to the Inquisition without the name of the accuser being revealed (V. R. i. 251). Deutsch, Gotthard and Joseph Jacobs: Jewish Encyclopedia: The Popes
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1299
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Forced Conversion of Jews” edicts issued by King James II
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Aragon
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) By an edict of 1278, Pope Nicholas III assigned Dominican and Franciscan friars the official duty of working to convert the Jewish community. As part of this project, King James II of Aragon granted Ramon Llull permission to preach in Jewish synagogues on the Sabbath. Haskell, Ellen: Mystical Resistance: Uncovering the Zohar’s Conversations with Christianity; (New York; 2016)
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1299 C.E.
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Statutes of the Council of Vich (Catalonia) (1299)
3. Geography of Act	Present-day France; Present-day Spain [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	“Jews are to wear a badge so large and of a distinct color on their breast, that they may be seen and recognized. Furthermore, we prohibit them from having Christian nurses. Meat butchered by Jews shall not be sold to the Christian faithful. Moreover, we enjoin all princes, Castilian barons, and other secular lords, as well as their administrators in the Diocese and Province of [Gallia] Lugdunensis, from letting Jews enjoy public office of any nature, under penalty of excommunication.”
5. Source	Grayzel, Solomon. The Church and the Jews in the XIIIth Century, Volume II (1254-1315). The Jewish Theological Seminary of America: New York, 1989. Page 262.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 6, 1299
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Albert I
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Albert I certifies his previous verdict [which stipulated] that the debt-claims of his killed Jews who do not have an heir, belong rightfully [to] Archbishop Gerhard of Mainz.
5. Source	Regesten zur Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland während des Mittelalters. Bearbeitet von Dr. M. Wiener. Erster Teil. (Regesta regarding the history of Jews in Germany during the Middle Ages. Edited by M[eir] Wiener, PhD. First Part.); Hannover; 1862;
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Latin text which can be found in Guden’s Codex Diplomaticus (Volume I).

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 3, 1299
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Special Taxation of Jews” order issued by King Albrecht
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Free Imperial City of Frankfurt
4. Text of Act	We King Albrecht […] accept to have the Jews of Frankfurt pay 500 Pounds Heller ('libras hallensium') per year to the Archbishop [Gerhard II] as compensation for the tithes and incidences which he, in his function of Archbishop and Arch-Chancellor ('racione cancellarie') was to receive from the Jews of the kingdom.
5. Source	UB Frankfurt 1, Nr. 750, S. 375 f.; MGH [Monumenta Germaniae Historia] Const. [Constitutiones] Bd . 4, 1, Nr. 98, S. 73; (Certificate Book [of] Frankfurt 1, No. 750, p. 375 f.; Monuments of German Historical Constitutions Vol. 4, 1, No. 98, p. 73);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The Archbishop was to receive this money in addition to the income in the amount of 200 Cologne Coins (Kölner Denare) he was granted previously by King Aldolf. King Albrecht promised the Jews of Frankfurt that he will raise no more taxes from them because of this.”

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 18, 1299
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Ordinance” of King Albrecht I of Habsburg
3. Geography of Act	Europe (multi-countries)
4. Text of Act	We, King Albrecht [I] of Habsburg […] order the Jews of Dortmund – Our chamber-servants – to obey the Archbishop Wikhold of Cologne in his place of authority […] as we have decided by the common consensus of the princes (‘de communi consensus principum nostrorum’) to give Wikbold the entire city of Dortmund with all the equipment/accessories that are inside and outside of the city, including the Jews. […]
5. Source	Köln, HAStadt, Best. 210, U 1/646, Orig., lat., Perg. (“Cologne, Historical Archive of the City, Record 210, U 1/646, Orig[inal], Latin, [on] Parchment Paper”)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Editor Present-day Austria, Germany, Slovenia, Switzerland

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 20, 1299
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Albert I
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Albert I transfers to the nobleman Johann von Limburg (‘Limpurch’) the office/right of the Burgmann* for the castle of Kalsmunt and pledges the Jews in Limburg for 300 Mark to him, as did King Rudolf )…] for his father Gerlach.
5. Source	Regesten zur Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland während des Mittelalters. Bearbeitet von Dr. M. Wiener. Erster Teil. (Regesta regarding the history of Jews in Germany during the Middle Ages. Edited by M[eir] Wiener, PhD. First Part.); (Hannover; 1862);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher *A Burgmann (literally: man-of-the-castle was - a title of nobility. The above is a translation of a German summary of the original text; a copy of it can be found at the Roncioni Archive in Pisa.

1. Full Date of Act	Dec. 1, 1299
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Mandate” of King Albrecht I of Habsburg to the Jews of Dortmund
3. Geography of Act	Europe (multi-countries)
4. Text of Act	[…] the Jewish magistrates and the Jews of Dortmund have not obeyed Our order [of October 18, 1299] […] and as it has been reported to Us, have made payments […] so large and grave, that some have moved their residency to other places. […] Some people have [even] used violence to extort such payments. […] Not only have you been affected by these disadvantages and large losses, but the kingdom and the Archbishop as well. […] no one [except the Archbishop] shall claim for himself the rights on the goods of the Jews and the Jews themselves […]. If the Jews do not obey Our mandate, We shall regard them as hostile and contemptuous […] and punish them accordingly. […]
5. Source	Köln, HAStadt, Best. 210, U 1/653, Orig., lat., Perg. (“Cologne, Historical Archive of the City, Record 210, U 1/653, Orig[inal], Latin, [on] Parchment Paper”)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Editor Present-day Austria, Germany, Slovenia, Switzerland

1. Full Date of Act	Dec. 10, 1299
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Royal Deed” of King Albrecht I
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Free Imperial City of Mainz
4. Text of Act	We, King Albrecht […] extend our favor/benevolence to all of the Jews – Our chamber-servants - in the Roman Kingdom/Empire […]. For the sake of justice and Our grace, no Jew – individually and collectively – shall demand interests – for any reason whatsoever – from Our beloved prince and godfather Archbishop Gerhard of Eppstein for any amount [of money] he owes [to them], but to be content with the repayment of only the borrowed sum/amount. In case the Jews do not obey this order, they should know that they shall find no audience (be heard) by either the judges in Our kingdom or Ourselves in this matter. […]
5. Source	Wiesbaden, HStA, Abt. 22 U 385, Orig., lat., Perg. (“Wiesbaden, Main State Archive, Dept. 22 U 385, Orig[inal], Latin, [on] Parchment Paper”)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1300 C.E.
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Peace Commandment of Mainz” ordinance issued by the City of Mainz
3. Geography of Act	Free Imperial City of Mainz; Present-day Germany [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	“[…] if a Jew injures/wounds or hits/beats another Jew or Christian in Mainz, he has to pay five Pounds Heller for the beating and 10 Pounds Heller for the injury, and may remain in Mainz; should he lack the funds, [however], he shall sojourn outside of the city […] until he has come to an agreement with a Jew and a Christian, both of whom shall be honorable [people], and pay the penalty. […] A Jews who asks a citizen of Mainz to help him according to Jewish law, shall pay 40 Pounds of Heller to the city, while the helper shall leave Mainz for one month as penance. […]”
5. Source	Würzburg, StA, Mainzer Urkunden, Weltlicher Schrank, L 68/2 ½, Orig., dt., Perg. (Würzburg, State Archive, [Official] Documents of Mainz, Secular Cabinet, L68/2 ½, Orig[inal], [on] Parchment Paper”)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 10, 1300
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Royal Order” of King Albrecht I of Habsburg
3. Geography of Act	Dukedom of Austria and Styria; Kingdom of Germany
4. Text of Act	[…] all Jews […] including Ananias as well as other Jews in Our kingdom […] shall not be paid (receive) any interests on the principal of loans […] from the Eberbach Abby or the Cistercian order. […] All such [existing] guarantees, certificates [debts], and contracts are to be deemed void. […]
5. Source	Wiesbaden, HStA, Abt. 22 U 436, fol. 12r, Nr. 76, Abschr. (um 1300), lat., Perg. (“Wiesbaden, Main State Archive, Dept. 22 U 436, fol. 12r, No. 76, Copy (ca. 1300), Latin, [on] Parchment Paper”)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher A similar order was reissued by the king on June 29, 1300.