Acts – Page 30 – OAJA.org

1. Full Date of Act	Feb. 27, 1322
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Special Taxation of the Jews”
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Margraviate of Brandenburg
4. Text of Act	The principals of the local Jewish community* of Brandenburg-Neustadt (New City) oblige/commit themselves to pay taxes in the amount of 30 Brandenburger Schillings to the local Christian pastor – payable in two instances – half for Christmas and half for Easter.
5. Source	Brandenburg a. H., Domstiftarchiv (Prince-Bishopric Archive), BDK 1508/1441 (Kopialbuch/Copialbook), fol. 71b, Abschr. (Copy) (14th century), Latin; Brandenburg, Domstiftarchiv (Prince-Bishopric Archive), BDK 1509/1442 (Kopialbuch II/Copial-book II), p. 89 (16th century).
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The original text does not specify who made this ruling. However, it lists the witnesses: “The pastors Nikolaus Ruschen and Johann von Zehdenich (Cedenik), as well as the Deacon Friedrich Belzig (Belzyz) and many others.” It also states:” Notarial note of the notary Ludolf […] clergyman of the Diocese of Hildesheim. *While the Latin text uses the term “universitas sive synagoga Iudeorum” (university or Jewish synagogue) in the text, it refers to the Jewish community. This points to the fact that both terms were used interchangeably to refer to the local Jewish community.

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 9, 1322
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Writ” issued by King John of Bohemia
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Bohemia
4. Text of Act	King John of Bohemia grants Bishop of Olomouc, Konrad I, permission to keep only one Jew (who is free of all Jewish and other obligations and taxes as well as free of any foreign subjugation and only subject to the Bishop) in each of his cities, Svitavy, Zwittau, Müglitztal, [Kremsier], and [Wischau].
5. Source	Zur Geschichte der Juden in Böhmen, Mähren und Schlesien von 906 bis 1620. Herausgegeben von Gottlieb Bondy, em. Präsidenten der Handels - und Gewerbekammer in Prag. Zur Herausgabe vorbereitet und ergänzt von Franz Dworsky, em. Director des Landesarchives des Königreiches Böhmens. I. 906 bis 1576. (Prag; 1906); (Regarding the history of Jews in Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia from 906 to 1620. Published by Gottlieb Bondy, fo[rmer] President of the Trade and Commerce and Industry in Prague. Prepared for publication and supplemented by Franz Dworsky, fo[rmer] Director of the National Archives of the Kingdom of Bohemia. I. 906 to 1576.); (Prague; 1906)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Latin, which can be found in the Codex diplomaticus et epistolaris Moraviae. While this writ appears to be pro-Jewish at first glance, effectively, it limited the number of Jews who could settle in a specific region.

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 13, 1322
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Coin Regulation” ('Münzordnung') issued by the Councilmen of the cities "Neustadt" (New City) by the river Havel and "Altstadt" (Old City) by the river Havel
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Margraviate of Brandenburg
4. Text of Act	[…] Jews are not [permitted] to purchase silver […].
5. Source	Potsdam, LHA, Urkundenabteilung Kurmärkische Stände (Official Document Department Kurmarkt Scores), U I/23, Orig., dt. (German), Parchment.; Potsdam, LHA, Rep. 16 E, Nachlass Seidel (Seidel Estate), Nr. 2, Bl. 55 (Angabe nach Regesten der Urkunden 'Kurmärkische Stände' (According to the records of the documents ‘Kurmarkt Scores’), S. 43).
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher Jews were not permitted to purchase silver; however, they were permitted to pursue “lending and borrowing operations” (Kreditgeschäfte) for the purpose of making a living, and they were permitted to function as co-signers and guarantors on loans.

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 23, 1322
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Papal bull “Inter Ecclesiasticos Ordines,” from John XXII to the Archbishops, Bishops and other Prelates in the Kingdom of Germany
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	The master and the brothers of the Order of Hospitallers of St. John of Jerusalem have complained that certain Jews of Germany usuriously extort sums of money from persons, houses and other places belonging to their Order. We order your fraternity to aid in recovering the money extorted as usury. You are not to aid the Jews, since such aid prevents the Order from obtaining justice.
5. Source	Grayzel, Solomon. The Church and the Jews in the XIIIth Century, Volume II (1254-1315). The Jewish Theological Seminary of America: New York, 1989. Page 327.
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7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 18, 1322
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Louis, the Bavarian (‘Ludwig der Baier’) pawns off the Jews of Regensburg, along with other pledges/loan, to the three Dukes of Lower Bavaria for 20,000 Mark silver.
5. Source	Regesten zur Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland während des Mittelalters. Bearbeitet von Dr. M. Wiener. Erster Teil. (Regesta regarding the history of Jews in Germany during the Middle Ages. Edited by M[eir] Wiener, PhD. First Part.); (Hannover; 1862);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Latin text which can be found in Lang’s Regesta Boica (Volume VI).

1. Full Date of Act	Nov. 27, 1322
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day France
4. Text of Act	Louis, the Bavarian (‘Ludwig der Baier’) pledges the named Jews in Buschwiller and Neuwiller (‘Puschwiler und in Nuwiler’) to the knight Fritschmann von Westhausen for 100 Pound (‘Pfund’) Heller.
5. Source	Regesten zur Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland während des Mittelalters. Bearbeitet von Dr. M. Wiener. Erster Teil. (Regesta regarding the history of Jews in Germany during the Middle Ages. Edited by M[eir] Wiener, PhD. First Part.); (Hannover; 1862);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Latin text which can be found in Oefele’s Rerum Boicarum Scriptores (Volume I).

1. Full Date of Act	Dec. 26, 1322
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day France
4. Text of Act	Louis, the Bavarian (‘Ludwig der Baier’) transfers/gives/pledges 200 Mark silver from the Jews in Colmar to Strasbourg knight Hugo, called Schaup.
5. Source	Regesten zur Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland während des Mittelalters. Bearbeitet von Dr. M. Wiener. Erster Teil. (Regesta regarding the history of Jews in Germany during the Middle Ages. Edited by M[eir] Wiener, PhD. First Part.); (Hannover; 1862);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Latin text which can be found in Oefele’s Rerum Boicarum Scriptores (Volume I).

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 10, 1323
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Order” issued by King Louis IV (Ludwig, the Bavarian), 3/10/1323*
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	[…] the Jews of Rothenburg, are permitted pay only 200 Pounds Heller in taxes* after the upcoming Saint Martin’s Day […] and then [after that] according to the [newest] order. […]
5. Source	München, BHStA, Kurbayern Äußeres Archiv 1155/1, fol. 101r, Notiz (zeitgleich), lat., Papier (Bavarian Main State Archive, Munich, Electorate of Bavaria Outer Archive 1155/1, fol. 101r, Note (contemporaneous), Latin, [on] Paper)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher *According to experts, this order could have been issued as early as February 24, but no later than March 10. 200 Pounds Heller was, in fact, half of what Jews were normally required to submit in taxes each year. However, this amount could be (and was) changed according to the whims of the king.

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 21, 1323
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Order” of Emperor Louis IV (“Ludwig der Bayer)
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	[…] in addition, we order and command that you [the citizens] view/consider the Jews as our chamber-servants […] in order that they are kept according to law and obey Duke Henry of Bavaria […].
5. Source	Marburg, StA, Urkunde 85, Nr. 10415, Orig., lat., Perg. (“Marburg, City Archive, Official Document 85, No. 10415, Orig[inal], [on] Parchment Paper”)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 29, 1323
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Order” of King Louis IV (Ludwig)
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Free Imperial City of Frankfurt and Wetterau
4. Text of Act	[…] the judgments against the Jews […] are unassailable and should be obeyed. This legal decision is not to be retried in front of secular judges […] and the abbot and the monastery are relieved of their obligations to pay the Jews back […]. The monastery is exempt from all legal actions brought forth against them by the Jews. […]
5. Source	MGH Const. 5, Nr. 737, S. 574 (“ Monuments of German Historical Constitutions 5, No. 737, p. 574”);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher This order was signed by the king in Nuremberg, Bavaria.

1. Full Date of Act	May 31, 1323
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Louis, the Bavarian (‘Ludwig der Baier’) permits as per the request/plea of the councilmen of the Altstadt Brandenburg and its citizens, to keep two or three Jews [in that city].
5. Source	Regesten zur Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland während des Mittelalters. Bearbeitet von Dr. M. Wiener. Erster Teil. (Regesta regarding the history of Jews in Germany during the Middle Ages. Edited by M[eir] Wiener, PhD. First Part.); (Hannover; 1862);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Latin text which can be found in Riedel’s Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis (Part I, Volume 9.

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 25, 1323
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Louis, the Bavarian (‘Ludwig der Baier’) commands the Jews of Regensburg, who have been pledged to the Dukes Henry, Otto, and Henry of Bavaria, to abide/be useful to them as they were before to the empire.
5. Source	Regesten zur Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland während des Mittelalters. Bearbeitet von Dr. M. Wiener. Erster Teil. (Regesta regarding the history of Jews in Germany during the Middle Ages. Edited by M[eir] Wiener, PhD. First Part.); (Hannover; 1862);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original old text which can be found in Lang’s Regesta Boica (Volume VI).

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 9, 1323
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Royal Announcement” issued by Emperor Louis IV (Ludwig, the Bavarian)
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	We, Louis/Ludwig, Roman Emperor by the grace of God, […] especially reserve the Jews of the same city [of Nordhause] as our chamber servants [to ourselves] […]
5. Source	Nordhausen, StadtA, 1.1 Urkunden, I A Nr. 11, Orig., lat. (“Nordhausen, City Archive, 1.1 Documents, I A No. 11, Orig[inal], Latin”);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 16, 1324
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Privilege”* mentioned in the first Oath Book of the Council of the City of Cologne
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Free Imperial City of Cologne
4. Text of Act	[…] The Council of the city of Cologne, shall do everything in its power to ensure that the Jews of Cologne receive a letter of protection from the chapter of the Stift ('Domkapital'), by which the corresponding letters/decisions of the Council and Archbishop Henry [II. von Virneburg] regarding the Jews are confirmed. On receipt of such letter/document, the Jews are obliged – in friendship and in love – and for the efforts of the Council, to pay 300 Marks of Cologne Pagaments** to the Council and the city. […]
5. Source	Quellen zur Geschichte der Stadt Köln 4, Nr. 123, S. 107 f.; Zwei Cölner Eidbücher, S. 64-66. (Sources on the History of the City of Cologne 4, No. 123, p. 107 f.; Two Oath Books of Cologne, p. 64-66);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher Privilege were basically special laws. *Pagaments were a form of Gulden, which were basically gold coins.

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 30, 1324
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Privilege” in the First Oath Book of the City Council of Cologne
3. Geography of Act	Electorate of Cologne; Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	[…] Judges, 'scabini'*, councilmen, and other citizens of Cologne announce […] that all the Jews living in or outside of Cologne are permitted to purchase or rent a house in the Jewish quarter, so long they pay a quarter of the purchase price to the city of Cologne. […]
5. Source	Quellen zur Geschichte der Stadt Köln 4, Nr. 124, S. 109 (Teiledition); Zwei Cölner Eidbücher, S. 66 f. (“Sources on the History of the City of Cologne 4, No. 124, p. 109 (Partial Edition); Two Oath Books of Cologne, p. 66 f.")
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher *“Scabini” were honorary laity, who, together with judges, assessed the actions of defendants in criminal courts and established the measure of the sentence.

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 27, 1324
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	We, Louis (‘Ludowich’), Roman king by the grace of God […] announce to all who see or hear [or] read this letter that we have bestowed grace upon the noblemen Johann and Gotfrieden, brother-dukes of Fürstenberg, our dear faithful, for the services/aids they have rendered to us, the use of our Jews in Villingen-[Schwenningen] (‘Vylinge’), who are currently residing there and those who will come [there] in the future [… until we or our heirs revoke this permission … for 50 Mark silver …].
5. Source	Fürstenbergisches Urkundenbuch. II. Band. Quellen zur Geschichte der Grafen von Fürstenburg vom Jahre 1300-1399. Bearbeitet von Dr. Sigmund Riezler, Fürstl. Archivrath. (Fürstenburger book-of-writs. II. Volume. Sources regarding the history of the Dukes of Fürstenburg from 1300-1399. Edited by Sigmund Riezler, princely archiv-council.); (Tübingen; 1877);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 12, 1324
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Louis, the Bavarian, pledges to the Burgrave Frederick of Nuremberg (‘Friedrich [IV] von Nürnberg’) and Count Rudolf (‘Rudolph’) of Wertheim the Jewish-taxes in Würzburg for 1,400 Pound ('Pfund') Heller starting with the next [Saint] Martini[’s Day] for four years.
5. Source	Regesten zur Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland während des Mittelalters. Bearbeitet von Dr. M. Wiener. Erster Teil. (Regesta regarding the history of Jews in Germany during the Middle Ages. Edited by M[eir] Wiener, PhD. First Part.); (Hannover; 1862);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Latin text which can be found in Oefele’s Rerum Boicarum Scriptores (Volume I).

1. Full Date of Act	Nov. 10, 1324
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Louis, the Bavarian, admits to owing the Counts Ludwig [VI] and Frederick (‘Friedrich’) von Oettingen 1000 Pound (‘Pfund’) Heller and pledges to them the Jewish-taxes of Ulm and Nördlingen for it.
5. Source	Regesten zur Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland während des Mittelalters. Bearbeitet von Dr. M. Wiener. Erster Teil. (Regesta regarding the history of Jews in Germany during the Middle Ages. Edited by M[eir] Wiener, PhD. First Part.); (Hannover; 1862);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Latin text which can be found in Oefele’s Rerum Boicarum Scriptores (Volume I).

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 28, 1325
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Regal Mandate” issued by Louis IV (Ludwig der Bayer)
3. Geography of Act	Electorate of the Palatinate; Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	[…] the Jews of Hagenau in our Kingdom are to serve Heinrich von Finstingen (Heinrico de Vinsting), until a payment of 300 Strasbourg Pounds have been satisfactorily made.
5. Source	München, BHStA, Kurbayern Äußeres Archiv 1155/1, fol. 113r, 1. Eintrag, Notiz (zeitgleich), lat., Papier. (“Munich, Bavarian Main State Archiv, Electorate of Bavaria External Archiv 1155/1, Fol. 113r, 1. Entry, Note (contemporaneous), Latin, [on] Paper.”)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 5, 1325
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Papal Order” issued by Pope John XXII and addressed to Archbishop Henry of Cologne
3. Geography of Act	Electorate of Cologne; Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	[…] Since none of our Jews is permitted to demand severe and excessive interests from the Christians, you [Archbishop Henry of Cologne] are to apply to the Jews of your diocese and all other places of your secular rule the Constitutions of the Holy and Apostolic Councils which contains stipulation against reprehensible usury […]. Jews who refuse to return money to Christians that is rightfully theirs should be prohibited from communicating/interacting with the faithful [Christians]. […]
5. Source	Urkunden und Regesten zur Geschichte der Rheinlande 1, Nr. 740, S. 349 f. (“Certificates and Directories on the History of the Rhineland 1, No. 740, p. 349 f.”)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher This document is issued and signed in Avignon.

1. Full Date of Act	Nov. 10, 1325
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Louis, the Bavarian, replies to Henry (‘Heinrich dem Röten’) […], a citizen of Ulm, the [local] Jewish taxes for as long as it takes for him to pay off Henry (‘Heinrich dem Staufer’) for the goods/properties in Pachenheim.
5. Source	Regesten zur Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland während des Mittelalters. Bearbeitet von Dr. M. Wiener. Erster Teil. (Regesta regarding the history of Jews in Germany during the Middle Ages. Edited by M[eir] Wiener, PhD. First Part.); (Hannover; 1862);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Latin text which can be found in Oefele’s Rerum Boicarum Scriptores (Volume II).

1. Full Date of Act	1326
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Jews required to wear a patch"
3. Geography of Act	Present-day France
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) Council of Avignon order Jews to wear a round patch but not when traveling. "The Church vs. the Jews: the second of our five sections on 'the barbarism of the R. C. Church';" jesuswouldbefurious.org
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1326 C.E.
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Statutes” of the City of Saalfeld, year 1326
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	“[…] 74) […] that we* give the City Council of Saalfeld (‘Salveld’) four fat goose […] which the Jews of Saalfeld [… must] submit - two in the evening of Saint Burchardi Day [October 13] and two in the evening of Saint Martin’s Day [November 10] […]”
5. Source	Saalfeld, StadtA, Stadtstatuten der Stadt Saalfeld, fol. 12r/v, dt. (“Saalfeld City Archive, City Statutes of the City Saalfeld, fol. 12r/v, German”);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher *Heinrich und Gunther, Dukes of Schwarzburg.

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 1, 1326
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Papal bull “Cum Sicut Accepimus,” from John XXII to the Archbishop of Treves/Triers
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Since – so we have been informed – some Jews of your parts dare to exact and extort heavy and immoderate usury from Christians, we, desiring to give those Christians opportune aid, grant Your Fraternity by these presents the power to enforce against the Jews in your diocese, or in whatever other places you exercise temporal power in other provinces and dioceses, all the legal enactments against usurers adopted by the sacred councils and by the Apostolic See, until justice is done the Christians by the Jews in these matters; and to compel the Jews by removing from them all contact with Christians, as well as all other opponents and rebels against this, by ecclesiastical punishment without appeal.
5. Source	Grayzel, Solomon. The Church and the Jews in the XIIIth Century, Volume II (1254-1315). The Jewish Theological Seminary of America: New York, 1989. Page 332.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 28, 1326
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Emperor Louis confirms the taxes for the Jews of Augsburg which are to be due on the upcoming St. Martin’s Day and promises to raise no further taxes from them within the same year.
5. Source	Urkundenbuch der Stadt Augsburg. Herausgegeben von Dr. Christian Meyer, Archivar der Stadt Augsburg. Erster Band. Die Urkunden von Jahre 1104-1346. (Book-of-writs of the city of Augsburg. Edited/published by Christian Meyer, PhD, Archiver of the City of Augsburg. First volume. Writs/official documents from 1104-1346.); (Augsburg; 1874)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a summary of the original Latin text, which can be found in Oefele’s Rerum Boicarum Scriptores (Volume I).