Acts – Page 31 – OAJA.org

1. Full Date of Act	Nov. 11, 1329
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Special Taxation of Jews” issued by Dutchess Anges of Braunschweig/Brunswick
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Hanseatic League Braunschweig/Brunswick
4. Text of Act	[…] to all of Our Jews in [the town of] Stendal, we – Lady of the Altmark (Antique Marchie Domina) - require that they (Jews) contribute 20 Mark (viginiti marcas) to Us for the next six years on St. Martin's Day in the form of the Brandenburger silver currency. […] Those Jews who hold special letters or privileges with Us will continue to fulfill their previous obligations, and will then contribute to the obligations of the community so far as it is possible.
5. Source	Stendal, StadtA (City Archive), I. 60 (62), Original in Latin, Parchment;
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 29, 1330
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Visa” (‘Visum’)* of the Episcopal Court of Speyer
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	[…] power-of-attorney of Emperor Louis (‘Ludewicus’) given to his Chancellor Hermann von Lichtenstein (’Hermanno de Lichtenberg’) for the taxation of the Jews in the empire.
5. Source	Urkunden zur Geschichte der Stadt Speyer. Mit Historischen Verein der Pfalz zu Speyer gewidmet von Heinrich Hilgard-Villard. Gesammelt und herausgegeben von Alfred Hilgard. (Strassburg; 1885); (Official documents regarding the history of the city Speyer. With the Historical Society of the Palatine of Speyer, dedicated by Heinrich Hilgard-Willard. Collected and published by Alfred Hilgard. (Strasbourg; 1885);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original text both of which can be found in the cited source. The original writ is located in the City-Archive of Speyer. *In the Middle Ages, a Visa/Visum (from the Latin: videre = to see) was an official document often issued by a ruler that gave an officer of his court the order and power of attorney to "go see" a particular community in order to impose/collect the requested taxes.

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 20, 1330
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Louis, the Bavarian (‘Ludwig der Baier’) confirms [in writing] that he has owed his brothers-in-law, Duke Henry, Otto, and Henry [of Bavaria] 20,000 Mark silver, for which he had prescribed them Weissenburg, Neumark, and the Jews of Regensburg: now, however, after he has lost Neumark […] he pledges to them Weissenburg and the Jews of Regensburg for 12,000 Mark and [the Jews of] Launigen for 8000 Mark.
5. Source	Regesten zur Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland während des Mittelalters. Bearbeitet von Dr. M. Wiener. Erster Teil. (Regesta regarding the history of Jews in Germany during the Middle Ages. Edited by M[eir] Wiener, PhD. First Part.); (Hannover; 1862);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the old original text which can be found in Oefele’s Rerum Boicarum Scriptores (Volume II).

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 1, 1330
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Order” issued by Emperor Louis IV (Ludwig, the Bavarian)
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Swabian
4. Text of Act	We, Louis/Ludwig, Roman Emperor by the grace of God, […] free the municipal chief, the council, and the citizens of Esslingen for their service [to us] from the taxes they are due to us and the empire for the next five years starting from the following Saint Martin’s Day. [In these five years, …] you shall use and enjoy ('nutzen und niezzen sullen') the taxes of the Jews of Esslingen […] in order to expand and change the wall of the so-called suburb 'Upper Esslingen' ('obern Eszelingen nempt'). The officers, bailiffs, and reeves are to obey this order […]
5. Source	Stuttgart, HStA, H51, U 301, Orig., dt., Perg. (Main State Archive of Stuttgart, H51, U 301, Orig[inal], German, [on] parchment paper)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Editor Swabian Imperial City of Esslingen; Present-day Germany Researcher While Louis exempts all [Christian] citizens of Esslingen from the annual taxes by the power of this order, the Jews are required to continue to submit their taxes – not to him, but to the city for the purpose of its rebuilding efforts.

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 12, 1330
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Louis, the Bavarian (‘Ludwig der Baier’) announces to the city-councils in Erfurt, Mühlhausen, and Nordhausen that he is letting the Margrave Frederick of Meissen have the Jews in this Margrave's lands/domains and in the aforementioned cities for the duration of his life-time so that he (the Margrave) can tax them and rule over them as an emperor would […] and orders the cities to be helpful to the Margrave in that matter.
5. Source	Regesten zur Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland während des Mittelalters. Bearbeitet von Dr. M. Wiener. Erster Teil. (Regesta regarding the history of Jews in Germany during the Middle Ages. Edited by M[eir] Wiener, PhD. First Part.); (Hannover; 1862);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original old text which can be found in Rudolphi’s Gotha Diplomatica (Volume V).

1. Full Date of Act	May 24, 1330
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Emperor Louis confirms [to give] the citizens Hanemann of Worms […] 58 Pound (‘Pfund’) Heller from the revenues of the Jews in Speyer.
5. Source	Urkunden zur Geschichte der Stadt Speyer. Mit Historischen Verein der Pfalz zu Speyer gewidmet von Heinrich Hilgard-Villard. Gesammelt und herausgegeben von Alfred Hilgard. (Strassburg; 1885); (Official documents regarding the history of the city Speyer. With the Historical Society of the Palatine of Speyer, dedicated by Heinrich Hilgard-Willard. Collected and published by Alfred Hilgard.) (Strasbourg; 1885);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original text both of which can be found in the cited source. The original writ is located in the City-Archive of Speyer.

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 8, 1330
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Louis, the Bavarian pawns/transfers (‘versezet’) the Jews of Augsburg to Peter Hoheneck for 300 Mark silver [… and orders] that they are to give him annually sixty* Pound Augsburger pennies (‘Pfund Ausbuger Pfennige’) [… and Louis gives Hoheneck another] one hundred Mark silver, for which the Jews are to give [another] 20 Pound [Ausburger] pennies (‘Pfund Ausbuger Pfennige’) [annually…]
5. Source	Regesten zur Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland während des Mittelalters. Bearbeitet von Dr. M. Wiener. Erster Teil. (Regesta regarding the history of Jews in Germany during the Middle Ages. Edited by M[eir] Wiener, PhD. First Part.); Hannover; 1862;
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the old original text which can be found in Oefele’s Rerum Boicarum Scriptores (Volume I). *According to Oefele, Jews were ordered to pay ‘eighty’ Pound of Augsburger pennies per year, while Wiener’s and Böhmer’s texts both read ‘sixty’ pounds.

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 26, 1330
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Official Announcement” of Emperor Louis IV (the Bavarian)
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Holy Roman Empire
4. Text of Act	We, Louis (‘Ludowig’), Roman Emperor by the grace of God, […] announce to all who see, hear or read this letter, that we are lending 24 Jews along with all their uses (benefits), rights and services to the nobleman Count William of Katzenlnbogen (‘Wilhalme graven von Chatzenellenbogen’) our dear faithful and his heir to keep in their cities, […] or anywhere [they please] within their domain […] The above we certify with this letter and Our Imperial seal. […]
5. Source	Marburg, StA, Urk. 54, Nr. 217, Orig. (A), dt., Perg., Darmstadt, StA, A 14, Nr. 476 (Fotokipie); (“Marburg, City Archive, [Official] Document 54, No. 217, Orig[inal] (A), German, [on] Parchment Paper; Darmstadt, City Archive, A 14, No. 476 (Photo-Copy)”)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 28, 1330
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Louis, the Bavarian gives Bishop Gerlach of Worms and the knight Hartmund von Cronberg and his heirs 1200 Pound (‘Pfund’) Heller and pledges to him 80 Pound (‘Pfund’) Heller [annually] from the Jews of the empire in Ladenburg […] to be collected until he or his successors redeem them (Jews) […]
5. Source	Regesten zur Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland während des Mittelalters. Bearbeitet von Dr. M. Wiener. Erster Teil. (Regesta regarding the history of Jews in Germany during the Middle Ages. Edited by M[eir] Wiener, PhD. First Part.); (Hannover; 1862);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the old original text which can be found in Oefele’s Rerum Boicarum Scriptores (Volume I).

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 29, 1330
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	We, Louis, Roman Emperor by the grace of God […] announce publicly to those who see or hear [or] read this letter and that we give the nobleman Waldgrave John (‘Johnnß der Wildgraff’) and his heirs, the Duke to Salm, for the services/aid they have bestowed upon the empire […] permission to have/keep fifteen Jews in their domain or fortress, or wherever they wish [to use to their advantage …] until we revoke [this permission …]
5. Source	Lünig, Johann Christian: Spicilegii Secularis des Teutschen Reichs-Archivs. Anderer Theil. (Gleaning of secular [writs] in the German Imperial-Archive. [The] Other part. [Vol 23]); (Leipzig; 1720);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 6, 1330
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Writ” of Martinus of the Order of Friars Minor Conventual (‘Minoritenordens’)
3. Geography of Act	Europe (multi-countries)
4. Text of Act	Martinus, the acting head (‘Verweser’) of the Order of Friars Minor Conventual of Bohemia and Poland gifts to the convent of St. Clara in Znojmo part of the gardens, which reaches all the way to where it faces the wall that leads to the Jewish-square (‘Ringplatz’) and orders that the door in this wall, which was intended for Jews, be closed and that another one be created next to the tower instead.
5. Source	Zur Geschichte der Juden in Böhmen, Mähren und Schlesien von 906 bis 1620. Herausgegeben von Gottlieb Bondy, em. Präsidenten der Handels- und Gewerbekammer in Prag. Zur Herausgabe vorbereitet und ergänzt von Franz Dworsky, em. Director des Landesarchives des Königreiches Böhmens. I. 1577 bis 1620. (Prag; 1906); (Regarding the history of Jews in Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia from 906 to 1620. Published by Gottlieb Bondy, fo[rmer] President of the Trade and Commerce and Industry in Prague. Prepared for publication and supplemented by Franz Dworsky, fo[rmer] Director of the National Archives of the Kingdom of Bohemia. I. 1577 to 1620.); (Prague; 1906)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Editor Present-day Czech Republic, Germany, Poland Researcher This is a translation of a German summary of the original Latin text. The original can be found in Volume VI of the "Codex diplomaticus et epistolaris Moraviae." The Latin document was written and signed in Znojmo.

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 8, 1330
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Declaration” of the Emperor Louis IV (Ludwig der Bayer)
3. Geography of Act	Dukedom of Luxembourg; Present-day Luxembourg
4. Text of Act	[…] we pledge to Our beloved brother-in-law and Prince ('fursten') Johannes ('Iohannsen') of Böhmen ('Beheim') ['John the Blind'] and his heirs, for his service during the decisive battle against the Duke (king) Friedrich of Austria, 7,200 Silver Mark […] and the castle and city of Kaysersberg (Cheisersperch), the Blicksburg (Bliksperch) and the city of Türkheim (Durenkeim) and Münster (Monster), the city with the valley, including all pertinence - which include the Jews - until a compensation [has been made]. […].
5. Source	Bonn, UB, Best. 15, Nr. 1159, S. 1-3, Abschr. (15. Jh.), dt., Papier. (“Bonn, Univeristy Library, Best. 15, No. 1159, p. 103, Trascript (15th Centruy), German, [on] Paper.”)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher *John of Bohemial (“John the Blind”) became King of Bohemia when he married Elisabeth, the daughter of Wenceslaus; although the Kingdom of Bohemia was not established until 1348.

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 19, 1330
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Order” issued by Emperor Louis IV (Kaiser Ludwig der Bayer)
3. Geography of Act	Present-day France; Territorial Estate of the Holy Roman Empire
4. Text of Act	[…] We graciously release the citizens of Our kingdom [and] city of Colmar, because of the harm they have suffered for Our sake and the kingdom (Reich), from paying Jews - now or in the future - any interests for their debts which they have incurred in two years. The bailiff (Landvogt) of Alsace is to assist them in the enforcement of this order.
5. Source	Regesten Kaiser Ludwigs des Bayern 4, Nr. 64, S. 38; Additamenta quaedam, Nr. 4, S. 97. (Regesta of Emperor/Kaiser Louis IV of Bavaria 4, No. 64, p. 38; Some Additions, No. 4, p. 97)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Dec. 28, 1330
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Privilege, issued by Henry II, Archbishop of Cologne
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	We, Henry, Archbishop of the Church in Cologne by God’s grace, have received the Jews of Cologne in Our protection and custody, for ten years. We shall defend these fellow burghers against all violence, beginning on Candlemas [February 2, 1331]. We recognize and confirm that for this letter, which also bears the seal of Our cathedral chapter, and was delivered to said Jews, they have paid for the sum of eight thousand marks in Cologne currency.
5. Source	Günther, Carl Friedrich. Bilder aus der Hessischen Vorzeit (Images from Ancient Hessian History). Jonghans: Darmstadt, 1853. Page 74.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Dec. 29, 1330
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Official Announcement” of Archbishop Henry [Heinrich] of Cologne
3. Geography of Act	Electorate of Cologne; Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	[…] Jews who move into the city at a later date must negotiate an annual annuity ('annua persiona') with the Archbishop or his officials [which are] to be paid to the Archbishop. […]
5. Source	Medieval Ashkenaz: Corpus der Quellen zur Geschichte der Juden im Spätmittlealterlichen Reich; Quellen zur Geschichte der Juden in der Stadt Köln Nr. 135 (“Corpus of the Sources on the History of Jews in the Late Middles Ages; Sources on the History of the Jews in the City of Cologne, No. 135”); Accessed online.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1331 C.E.
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Diocesan Synod of Breslau/Wroclaw" ('Constitutions') of Bishop Nanker of Breslau/Wroclaw
3. Geography of Act	Prince Bishopric of Breslau [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	“[…] Also, the wretched Jews, who have been subjected to permanent bondage (servitude) by their own guilt, (continue) to refuse to distinguish themselves in their clothing from that of the Christians, because they wear hoods such as the clerics do [and] there is not distinction between Jews and Christians. It is indeed unacceptable, and of course, absurd that a blasphemer of Christ does not distinguish himself from a Christian. In order, therefore, to dampen this damnable blending (in) which is sometimes committed by them, which they believe to have an excuse for by obscuring the error, we strictly order in consent with our brothers that the rectors of the churches in the cities and places of our diocese in which Jews are present, are to hold and dispose of these Jews effectively and emphatically, and to abolish the hood (capucia/Kaputze) completely and to no longer permit their usage anymore. […] from now on, Jews are denied the fellowship of Christians under the punishment of excommunication to which all the offenders shall be subject to. […] Jews with hoods [capuciatis/Kaputze] are strictly prohibited from participating in the markets.”
5. Source	Medieval Ashkenaz: Corpus der Quellen zur Geschichte der Juden im Spätmittlealterlichen Reich; Synoden und Konzilien 1, Nr. 12a (Corpus of the Sources on the History of Jews in the Late Middles Ages; Synods and Councils 1, No. 12a).
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The “Constitutions” of the Bishop Nanker of Breslau/Wroclaw from the year 1331 contains two conditions regarding the Jews, the first of which is only partially decipherable due of a tear in the parchment paper and possibly refers to the building of a synagogue (quasi synagoga iudeorum nostra = Jews have a synagogue). Far more detailed is the second part of the text (de iudeis = of Jews) which is translated above.

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 17, 1331
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Legislation” listed in the Oath Book of the City Council of Cologne
3. Geography of Act	Electorate of Cologne; Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	[…] Jews who choose to leave or want to leave Cologne without paying the municipal tax, should be arrested by the issuing entity and forced to submit payment. […]
5. Source	Zwei Cölner Eidbücher, S. 136-141, Weyden: Geschichte (1867), Anhang, Nr. 18, S. 365-368 (Two Oath Books of Cologne, p. 136-141, Weyden: History (1867), Attachment, No 18, p. 365-368)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Feb. 2, 1331
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	We, Louis (‘Ludewig’), Roman Emperor by the grace of God […] announce publicly with his letter that we give […] Ruprecht, the Inn-keeper of Schweinsberg (‘Schenken von Schvveinsperg’), our loyal and fine heir for the service which he has bestowed upon the empire and will in the future, permission to keep four Jews in the city of Schweinsberg with all the [inherent] rights and uses until we or one of our successors rescind [this privilege …]
5. Source	Kuchenbecker, Joh. Phil.: Analecta Hassiaca. Collectio I. (Marburg; MDCCXXVIII); (Annals of Hesse. Volume I.) (Marburg; 1728);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Feb. 9, 1331
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Official Document” issued and signed by Emperor Louis IV (Ludwig, the Bavarian)
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	We, Louis/Ludwig, […] bequeath the house of the Jews in the Judengasse of Ulm to […] Duke Berthold von Graisbach and Marstetten […]
5. Source	München, BHStA, Pfalz-Neuburg, Alte Gerichte 8, Orig., dt., Perg. (Bavarian Main State Archive, Munich, Palatinate-Neuburg, Old Courts 8, Orig[inal], German, [on] parchment paper”);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Feb. 15, 1331
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Pledging of Jews” (“Juden Versatzung”) issued by Emperor Louis IV (Kaiser Ludwig der Bayer)
3. Geography of Act	Present-day France; Territorial Estate of the Holy Roman Empire
4. Text of Act	[…] We pledge the Jews of the Upper and Lower [part of] Rappoltsweiter (Ober- und Nieder-Rappoltsweiler) with all the related rights, for 400 Silver Mark to the noble[man] Johansen von Rappoldstein […], as a thank you, for his previous and future faithful service to the kingdom (des Reiches), until the above said sum has been repaid to him or his heirs.
5. Source	München, BHStA, Rappoltsteiner Urk. 17, Orig. (A), dt., Perg.; Colmar, AD, E 500 (zwei Abschr., ausgeh. 15. oder frühes 16. Jh. [B, C]; ebda. sieben frz. Übers. aus dem 18. Jh.); Colmar, AD, 19 J 16/30 (beglaubigte frz. Übers. vom 15. März 1703); Colmar, AD, E 1624/1 (frz. Übers., 18. Jh.); (“Munich, Bavarian Main State Archive, Rappoltstein (Ribeauville) Document/Certificate 17, Original (A), German, [on] Parchment Paper; Colmar, AD, E 500 (two Transcripts, following 15th or early 16th Cent. [B, C]; ibid seven French translation from the 18th Cent.); Colmar, AD, 19th C 16/30 (certified French translation from March 15, 1703), Colmar, AD, E 1624/1 (French translation, 18th Cent.)”);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher Document is issued and signed in Nuremberg. On the same day, Louis IV also pawns off the Jews of Colmar to Johansen von Rappoldstein for a significantly higher sum. A later order (issued on 3/26/1331) repeats this order and - in addition - request that the officials and bailiffs (Amtsleute, Landvögten, Vögent) and those faithful to the kingdom/empire are not to hinder Johann von Rappoltstein in the exercise of this right conferred upon him, but to rather assist him if necessary.

1. Full Date of Act	Feb. 16, 1331
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day France
4. Text of Act	Louis, the Bavarian prescribes to [Johann III von Rappoltstein] (‘Rappoldstein’) sixty Mark silver from the Jews of Colmar annually and 300 Pound (‘Pfund’) Heller from the Ungeld* of these in exchange for 1100 Mark silver.
5. Source	Regesten zur Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland während des Mittelalters. Bearbeitet von Dr. M. Wiener. Erster Teil. (Regesta regarding the history of Jews in Germany during the Middle Ages. Edited by M[eir] Wiener, PhD. First Part.); (Hannover; 1862);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the old original text which can be found in Luck’s Annalen von Rappoltstein. *Ungeld was akin to a consumption tax placed on goods and services.

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 3, 1331
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Louis, the Bavarian absolves the Jews of Nuremberg of any taxes, levies, burdens, and imprisonment for the services they have provided from now on and staring with Walpurgis Day for the next three years for which they (Jews) are to accommodate/serve him with 400 Pound (‘Pfund’) Heller.
5. Source	Regesten zur Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland während des Mittelalters. Bearbeitet von Dr. M. Wiener. Erster Teil. (Regesta regarding the history of Jews in Germany during the Middle Ages. Edited by M[eir] Wiener, PhD. First Part.); (Hannover; 1862);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of the German summary of the original Latin text. The document is dated “faria ante (the week before) Quasimodogeniti (the 1st Sunday after Easter)."

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 26, 1331
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Louis, the Bavarian confirms to the Vogt* of Gera, the old, and his heirs [that they are entitled to] all of their fortresses, Jews, tolls, coins, and escorts/protections [fees].
5. Source	Regesten zur Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland während des Mittelalters. Bearbeitet von Dr. M. Wiener. Erster Teil. (Regesta regarding the history of Jews in Germany during the Middle Ages. Edited by M[eir] Wiener, PhD. First Part.); (Hannover; 1862);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Latin text which can be found in Oefele’s Rerum Boicarum Scriptores (Volume I). *A Vogt, an advocatus, was an office-holder/lay lords in the Holy Roman Empire. The Vogts of Gera were an important nobility in the Middle Ages.

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 29, 1331
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day France
4. Text of Act	We, Louis (‘Ludewig’), Roman Emperor by the Grace of God […] announce publicly to those who see or hear [or] read this letter, that we have pawned/transferred (‘versetzen’) the Jews in the lower and upper cities in Ribeauvillé (‘Rapoltzwilre’) […] to our dear loyal […] nobleman Johannes of Rappoltstein (‘Johannes von Rapoltzstain’) for 400 Mark silver […] and that he shall have/possess, use, and enjoy these Jews […] until We or our successors redeem them for the aforementioned 400 Mark silver […] and order all our Landvogts, Vogts, officers, as well as loyal [subjects] - or whatever they may be called - not to hinder/obstruct the aforementioned Johannes and his heirs [to own and use the Jews …]
5. Source	Jo. Dan. Schoepflini Alsatia Periodi Regum et Imperatum Habsburgicae, Lucelburgicae, Austriacae Tantemque Gallicae Dimplomatic. (Mannhemii; MDCCLXXV); (Jean Daniel Schoepflini’s study of documents/writs of the period of the kings and emperors of Habsburg, Lutzelbourg, Austria [and] finally Galicia.); (Mannheim; 1775)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	May 20, 1331
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Order” issued by Emperor Louis IV (Ludwig)
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Free Imperial City of Frankfurt and Wetterau
4. Text of Act	[…] We command Our dear chamber-servants [Jews] to pay Our beloved brother-in-law, Duke Gerlach von Nassau 20 Mark Brabanter (Brabanter) […] on the Monday after the holy Christian day of the Pentecost (Pfingsten) […] which we certify with this document. […]
5. Source	Wiesbanden, HStA, Abt. 150, Urk. 460, Original, dt., Perg. (Wiesbaden, Main State Archive, Department 150, Certificate/Document 460, Original, German, [on] Parchment Paper);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None