Acts – Page 32 – OAJA.org

1. Full Date of Act	May 25, 1331
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Louis, the Bavarian bestows his grace upon Friedrich von Brumbach and his heirs and permits them to keep six Jews on their fortresses (‘Vesten’) or where ever they like.
5. Source	Regesten zur Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland während des Mittelalters. Bearbeitet von Dr. M. Wiener. Erster Teil. (Regesta regarding the history of Jews in Germany during the Middle Ages. Edited by M[eir] Wiener, PhD. First Part.); (Hannover; 1862);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Latin text which can be found in Oefele’s Rerum Boicarum Scriptores (Volume I).

1. Full Date of Act	May 30, 1331
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	We, Louis (‘Ludowig’), Roman Emperor by the grace of God […] announce publicly with this public letter that we have bestowed upon our dear loyal nobleman Ludwig [XI], the old Duke of Oettingen mighty grace [… in that he should have/own] all Jews who are currently there or will settle [there] in the future, [and] that he should use and enjoy (‘niezzen’) them will all the rights [inherently given for this purpose…] until this [permission] is revoked by Us via a mandate […]
5. Source	Neue historische Abhandlungen der Bairischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Erster Band. (München; 1779); (New historical treatise of the Bavarian Academie of Sciences. First Volume; (Munich; 1779.);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 21, 1331
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Mandate” of Emperor Louis IV (Ludwig der Bayer)
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Free Imperial City of Frankfurt and Wetterau
4. Text of Act	[…] We announce that We have come to an agreement with the Jews, our dear chamber-servants. […] We command the head of the community ('Schultheizzen'), the Council and the citizens of Frankfurt to shield and protect them [the Jews] so long they make payments as agreed upon. […] That is why we have chosen to have mercy upon them […] and require that nobody is to urge or force them in Our name in any way or hurt them […] starting on St. Jacob’s Day and for the next ten years as long as they make annual payment […].
5. Source	UB Frankfurt 2, Nr. 415, S. 310; MGH, Const. 6, 2, Nr. 130, S. 78; (“Certificate Book [of] Frankfurt 2, No. 415, p. 310; Monuments of Germanic History, Constitutions 6, 2, No. 130, p. 78”)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher This document was signed in Nuremberg, Bavaria.

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 20, 1331
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Order” issued by Emperor Louis IV (Ludwig der Bayer/Louis the Bavarian)
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Holy Roman Empire
4. Text of Act	[…] We give/leave our beloved brothers Dukes Louis and Fredrick of Oettingen (“Ludowigen und Friderichen von Ottingen), as a ‘thank you’ for their faithful service 700 Silver Mark [in the form of] taxes on the land purchased by them in the Landgraviate of Alsace. This sum is to be raised/procured through the annual taxation of the Jews of the kingdom (Reiches) to Strasbourg in the amount of at least 60 Silver mark per year. If the Jews pay more, the debt of 700 Mark is reduced accordingly. […]
5. Source	MGH [Monumenta Germaniae Historia] Const.[itutiones] 6, 2, Nr. 146, S. 90 (aus A). (Monuments of German History-Constitutions 6, 2, No. 146, p. 90 (from A).);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher This document is issued and signed in Nuremberg with the seal of the Emperor.

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 21, 1331
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	King Louis (‘Ludwig’) sends Sibodo, named Pape, in order that he raise/collect (‘erheben’) the taxes from the Jews in Dortmund.
5. Source	Fahne, Anton: Urkundenbuch der freien Reichsstadt Dortmund. 1. Abtheilung. (Köln/Bonn; 1855); (Book-of-writs of the free imperial city of Dortmund. 1. Section.) Cologne/Bonn; 1855;
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Latin text both of which can be found in the cited source.

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 27, 1332
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Official Announcement” of Emperor Louis IV [the Bavarian]
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	We, Louis (‘Ludowig’), Roman Emperor by the grace of God, […] announce with this letter, that We permit Our faithful Schenk* Ruprecht of Schweinsberg (‘Rupprechten dem schenken von Sweinsperch’) and his heirs, for his past and future services which he has bestowed upon Us, to have 4 Jews with all of their ‘use/profits’ (‘nutzen’) and rights until We or one of our progeny retracts this [permit].
5. Source	Marburg, StA, Urk. 134, Nr. 4, Orig. (A), dt., Perg.; (“Marburg, City Archive, [Official] Document 134, No. 4, Orig[inal] (A), German, [on] Parchment Paper")
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher *A Schenk or Mundschenk was an court official ('a cupbearer') in charge of drinks in the princely courts.

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 1, 1332
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Declaration" issued by Archbishop Baldwin of Trier
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Electorate of Trier
4. Text of Act	We, Baldwin (‘Bald[ewin]’), Archbishop of Trier by the grace of God, declare and promise […] with this letter from us and our successor(s) […] that Walram, Count Simon of Sponheim son, (‘Walramen, greven Symons son von Spanheym’) our nephew, servant and man, […] can buy back the town of Kirchberg and all that belongs to it, including the Jews - […] as well as the 50 Maltern* oats and two meadows of Wytzelstrut for 2,000 Pounds Heller as he did on the day of the sale. […]
5. Source	München, BHStA, Sponheim Urkunden 245, Orig., dt., Perg. ("Munich, Bavarian Main State Archive, [Official] Documents of Sponheim 245, Orig[inal], German, [on] Parchment Paper");
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher *Maltern was an old unit of measurements used for potatoes and grain.

1. Full Date of Act	Sep. 14, 1332
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Writ” of King John of Bohemia
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Bohemia
4. Text of Act	King John of Bohemia and Poland confirms the crusaders with the red star […] in Prague the right to establish a toll on the bridge of Prague, and furthermore, orders that each time a corpse of a Jew is brought into Prague, or whenever a Jewish family member crosses this bridge, they are to paid a toll of 72 Heller each time.
5. Source	Zur Geschichte der Juden in Böhmen, Mähren und Schlesien von 906 bis 1620. Herausgegeben von Gottlieb Bondy, em. Präsidenten der Handels- und Gewerbekammer in Prag. Zur Herausgabe vorbereitet und ergänzt von Franz Dworsky, em. Director des Landesarchives des Königreiches Böhmens. I. 1577 bis 1620. (Prag; 1906); (Regarding the history of Jews in Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia from 906 to 1620. Published by Gottlieb Bondy, fo[rmer] President of the Trade and Commerce and Industry in Prague. Prepared for publication and supplemented by Franz Dworsky, fo[rmer] Director of the National Archives of the Kingdom of Bohemia. I. 1577 to 1620.) (Prague; 1906)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Latin text.

1. Full Date of Act	Dec. 11, 1332
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Annulment of Debt Owed to Jews” declared by Kaiser Ludwig
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Prince-Bishopric of Bamberg
4. Text of Act	[…] that the 'Domstift' (Prince-Bishopric) is exonerated and released of their debt to Jews […] which they owed to Jews […]; and moreover, that no Jews is allowed to bring suit against the Prince-Bishopric and its people/residents regarding this […] and that [the debts] lose their validity henceforth. […].
5. Source	State Archive of Bamberg; B 21, No. 1.1, 140r, Copy (14th century);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1333
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Forced Conversion of Jews”
3. Geography of Act	Iraq
4. Text of Act	Commentary from Other Sources: 1) Forced mass conversion of Jews in Baghdad. Avraham, Yerachmiel Ben: All in the Name of Jesus: The Murder of Millions (2016)
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 27, 1333
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	We, Louis (‘Ludewig’), Roman Emperor by the grace of God […] announce publicly with this letter that we permit the noblemen, and brothers Louis and Frederick (‘Ludowigen und Frider’), Counts of Oettingen […] to take on and keep Jews in their cities and fortresses and villages […] and to rule over the aforementioned Jews and to use and enjoy them […] as they please […] and as long as we wish and do not rescind [this privilege …]
5. Source	Neue historische Abhandlung der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Erster Band. (München; 1779); (New historical treatise of the Bavarian Academy of the Sciences. First Volume.) (Munich; 1779);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	May 21, 1333
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day France
4. Text of Act	Emperor Louis (‘Ludowig’) [the Bavarian], announces that he owes the Counts Ludwig (‘Ludowigen’) [VIII] and Friedrich (‘Friderichen’) [II.] of Oettingen (‘Otingen’) and their heirs for the service they have rendered and the harm they had to suffer 1,000 Mark silver and pawns off the empire’s Jews in Strasbourg (‘Strazburg’) to them with all of the [inherent] rights and that they are to have and use them until they are redeemed by Louis or one of his heirs for the same amount. The officers of the empire as well as citizens, city council, and citizens of Strasbourg are ordered/instructed to assist the people of Oettingen, if necessary, so that the Jews obey the Counts and submit the required taxes […] The emperor orders the Jews not to disobey and to submit to the Oettinger and their heirs/successors without hesitation and obstruction if they wish to retain his grace and that of the empire […]
5. Source	Medieval Ashkenaz: Corpus der Quellen zur Geschichte der Juden im Spätmittlealterlichen Reich; Quellen zur Geschichte der Juden im Elsass (1273-1347); Elsass 1, Nr, 167. (Corpus of the Sources on the History of Jews in the Late Middles Ages; Sources regarding the history of the Jews in Alsace) (1273-1347); Alsace 1, No. 167);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	May 24, 1333
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Louis, the Bavarian, bestows grace upon his chamber-servants, the Jews of Regensburg […] that because they have been pledged to his cousins, they (Jews) are no longer going to be taxed by him or by [his cousins] in addition to the [required] 200 Pound pennies (‘Pfund Pfennigen’), except if their [financial] situation/possessions and properties have improved.
5. Source	Regesten zur Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland während des Mittelalters. Bearbeitet von Dr. M. Wiener. Erster Teil. (Regesta regarding the history of Jews in Germany during the Middle Ages. Edited by M[eir] Wiener, PhD. First Part.); (Hannover; 1862);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Sep. 21, 1333
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Order” of King John of Bohemia
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Bohemia
4. Text of Act	[…] orders […] Jews to contribute to the maintenance of the City of Brno’s protective walls and trenches.
5. Source	Zur Geschichte der Juden in Böhmen, Mähren und Schlesien von 906 bis 1620. Herausgegeben von Gottlieb Bondy, em. Präsidenten der Handels- und Gewerbekammer in Prag. Zur Herausgabe vorbereitet und ergänzt von Franz Dworsky, em. Director des Landesarchives des Königreiches Böhmens. I. 1577 bis 1620. (Prag; 1906); (“Regarding the history of Jews in Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia from 906 to 1620. Published by Gottlieb Bondy, fo[rmer] President of the Trade and Commerce and Industry in Prague. Prepared for publication and supplemented by Franz Dworsky, fo[rmer] Director of the National Archives of the Kingdom of Bohemia. I. 1577 to 1620.) (Prague; 1906)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Latin text.

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 20, 1334
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Order” issued by Emperor Louis IV (Ludwig, the Bavarian)
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	We, Ludwig […] announce to all […] – may they be citizens or other folks – that they have to vouch for the pennies which the Jews of Rothenburg are to submit to Us or anyone to whom We have pledged them […] and that they (citizens or other folks) may take over the mobile or immobile goods of the Jews without penalty to make up for this obligation. If the Jews do not agree/want to release the guarantors of their guarantee, the latter (citizens and other folks) may assume/take away the goods/properties of the Jews in the amount of their guarantee to cancel out their obligation […].
5. Source	Nürnberg, StA, Reichsstadt Rothenburg, MA U 183, Orig., dt., Perg. (“Nuremberg City Archive, Imperial City [of] Rothenburg, MA U 183, orig[inal], German, [on] Parchment Paper”);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 5, 1334
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Louis (‘Ludwig’), the Bavarian, promises/confirms to the Jews of Würzburg that he will not raise more than 400 Pound (‘Pfund’) Heller from them […]
5. Source	Medieval Ashkenaz: Corpus der Quellen zur Geschichte der Juden im spätmittelalterlichen Reich; (Medieval Ashkenaz: Collection/body of sources on the history of Jews during the late medieval empire; Sources regarding the history of the Jews in the Bishopric of Würzburg; Bm Würzburg 1, Nr. 399. (www.medieval-ashkenaz.org); Accessed online;
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	May 9, 1334
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Abdication of Ownership of Jew” issued by the Lords of Münzenberg
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Free Imperial City of Frankfurt and Wetterau
4. Text of Act	The Lords of Münzenberg abdicate their entire ownership of the Jews of Münzenberg, Assenheim and Nidda to Ulrich von Hanau.
5. Source	Bonn, UniBib, 25 Nr. 1, fol. 1r, dt. Papier; (“University Library [of] Bonn, 25 No. 1, following 1r, German, [on] Paper”);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 20, 1334
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Order” of Emperor Louis IV (Kaiser Ludwig der Bayer)
3. Geography of Act	Present-day France; Territorial Estate of the Holy Roman Empire
4. Text of Act	[…] We, Louis (Ludwig), by the grace of God the Roman Emperor/Kaiser […] are letting the tax-collector (Schultheißen), the mayor (Bürgermeister), and the City Council (Rat) know, that we have ordered Our deputy bailiff (Underlandvogt) […] to collect all taxes and receivables that the Jews owe (Us) throughout the year for Our sake and the sake of the kingdom (Reichs). He (the bailiff Johann von Rappoltstein) has the authority […] to negotiate with the Jews and to come to an agreement with them. We ask the citizens of Colmar to assist the bailiff in this task in order to come to an agreement with the Jews. […]
5. Source	Regesten Kaiser Ludwigs des Bayern, 4, Nr. 107, S. 63; Additamenta quaedam, Nr. 7, S. 98. (Regesta [of] Emperor Louis IV of Bavaria, 4, No. 107, p. 63; Some Additions, No. 7, p. 98)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 26, 1334
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Official Document of Strasbourg” (“Straßburger Offizial”) issued by the Curia of Strasbourg
3. Geography of Act	Present-day France; Free Imperial City of Strasbourg
4. Text of Act	[…] the Jewish community of Strasbourg and their heirs and successors have committed themselves […] to comply with the following provisions of this document to the masters (Meister), city councils and citizens of (the city of) Strasbourg: 1) that they will never attack the city of Strasbourg, its citizens or their possessions for the purpose of collecting a debt or a promissory note which they [the Jews] have received any citizen - before they have made their claims - successfully and without cunning - in the courts (of Strasbourg) […]. The Jews may not - either alone or in partnership with others - offer any loans to citizens of either sex so long they have not complied with the above mentioned provisions […]. Moreover, if any Jew or Jewess arrives in Strasbourg who is not a citizen of the city, and one who wants to loan money to a citizen of Strasbourg, the latter agrees to report him/her to one of the three city masters ([Stett-Meister)] on the same day of their arrival. They are also not permitted to provide him/her with any help to lend money to any citizen of Strasbourg in any way, until he/she has agreed to comply with all of the above [provisions]. Anyone who finds out that someone prefers to enter into such a loan contract nevertheless must report him [to the authorities] on the same day. All Jews […] have agreed to comply with the prescribed obligations and articles through an oath sworn on the Torah. […]
5. Source	Strasbourg, AM, CH 968, Orig., lat. und dt., Perg. (“Strasbourg, AM, CH 968, Original, Latin and German, [on] Parchment Paper”);
6. Researcher	None
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8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Nov. 1, 1334
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Emperor Louis (‘Ludowig’) confirms to the citizen of Speyer, Heinrich von Köln (‘Hainrichen von Kolle’) [via this writ] the 60 Mark annual revenues from the Jews of Speyer which were [previously] granted to him by Emperor Henry.]
5. Source	Urkunden zur Geschichte der Stadt Speyer. Mit Historischen Verein der Pfalz zu Speyer gewidmet von Heinrich Hilgard-Villard. Gesammelt und herausgegeben von Alfred Hilgard. (Strassburg; 1885); (Official documents regarding the history of the city Speyer. With the Historical Society of the Palatine of Speyer, dedicated by Heinrich Hilgard-Willard. Collected and published by Alfred Hilgard.) (Strasbourg; 1885)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the old original text both of which can be found in the cited source. The original writ is located in the City-Archive of Speyer.

1. Full Date of Act	1335
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Restrictions on Jewish Doctors"
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Spain
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) The Synod of Salamanca forbids employment of Jewish doctors. "Jews under Islâm & under Christendom;" lloydthomas.org; "Historical Timeline;" biblicalzionist.com
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 5, 1335
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Slaughter Regulations” issued by Margrave Ludwig (the Elder)
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Margraviate Brandenburg
4. Text of Act	We wish to order that the Jews in the town of Prizwalk obey the same regulations for the purpose of slaughtering [animals] as the town of Seehausen. […] The Jews are not to slaughter and sell meat in such a way that they outmaneuver the Christians butchers similar to Seehausen and elsewhere. […]
5. Source	Quellen zur Geschichte der Juden in den Archiven der neuen Bundesländer 5, Nr. 4217, S. 329. (“Sources Regarding the History of the Jews in the Archives of the New Federal States 5, No. 4217, p. 329”);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 1, 1335
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Pope Benedict XII
3. Geography of Act	France; Germany; Italy; Spain; Switzerland
4. Text of Act	Pope Benedict orders the Israeli believers […] to forfeit their usurious debts which they hold against Bishop Otto of Würzburg lest they be expelled.
5. Source	Denkwürdigkeiten der teutschen, besonders fränkischen Geschichte. Von Andreas Sebastian Stumpf, hochfürßl. Wirzburgischem Hof- Und Regierungsrate und Archivar. Erstes Heft. (Memorabilia of the German, especially, Frankish history. By Andreas Sebastian Stumpf, Government Council and Archivist in the high-princely royal court of Würzburg. First issue); (Erfurt; 1802)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Latin text both of which can be found in the cited source.

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 8, 1335
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Order” of Archbishop Henry of Mainz (Heinrich III.)
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Bishopric of Mainz
4. Text of Act	[…] it has come to our attention [it is rumored], that the chamberlains, the secular judges, the mayors [Bürgermeister], the city councils (Ratsherren), and all the citizens of his city of Mainz, who have accepted Us on the behest of deceased Pope John (Johannes XXII.) as their Archbishop and shepherd, are forced to endure innumerable evils, including the burden of enormous debts, because of the worst kinds of usury placed on them by the Jews of the cities and Diocese of Strasbourg, Basel, Speyer and Worms. These Jews have collectively already extorted a great deal from Our citizens, and persist in continuing the practice of evil usury […]. In this regard, We wish to provide an immediate remedy for the entire city […] in the name of the Lord (Christ) and our office, so that they can use this document/official document to fend off any previously imposed/forced oaths of the enemies. […]
5. Source	Mainz, StadtA, U / 1335 April 8, Orig. (A), lat., Perg.; Würzburg, Mainzer Bücher verschiedenen Inhalts 75, S. 84 f. (mit dt. Übersetzung S. 85 f., 15. Jh.) (B). (“Mainz, State Archiv, U/ 1335 April 8, Original (A), Latin, [on] Parchment Paper; Würzburg, Mainzer books of various content 75, p. 84 f. (with German translation p. 85 f., 15th Cent.) (B.)”);
6. Researcher	None
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8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 22, 1335
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Establishment of a Guild for Butchers and Regulations” issued by the Councilmen of the City of Stendal
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Margraviate of Brandenburg
4. Text of Act	[…] we establish a guild for our beloved citizens and butchers […]. No Jew is permitted to slaughter [an animal] unless he first obtains a license from us, and those who violate this order, shall be sentences according to the laws of the city […]. The flesh (the cattle to be dissembled) Jews are to purchase from Christian butchers. In case of a contravention, the Christian butchers are authorized to give the meat away to the sick at the Holy Spirit Hospital to the detriment/disadvantage of the Jews. Also, Jews are not to slaughter [an animal] in their homes, except when they have raised the calf in their homes; that [animal] they are allowed to slaughter at/near the bridge. Violators [of this ordinance] are to be sentenced to a fine of 21 Shillings of which two-thirds will be paid to the Council and one-third to the Christian butchers. […]
5. Source	Stendal, StadtA (City Archive), I. 061, Orig. Latin.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None