1. Full Date of Act
Nov. 3, 1346
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act
Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act

We, Louis (‘Ludowich’), Roman Emperor by the grace of God […] announce publicly with this letter that we have pledged all Jews of Speyer and Worms - our chamber-servants, who live there right now and those who will in the future - along with all of their rights, services, and use […] which are rightfully ours and that of the empire […] to the high-born/noble Palatine-Count Rupert (‘Ruprecht’), the old […] Duke of Bavaria and our brother-in-law and prince for 2000 Mark silver so that they should have and use these Jews […]

5. Source
Urkunden zur Geschichte der Stadt Speyer. Mit Historischen Verein der Pfalz zu Speyer gewidmet von Heinrich Hilgard-Villard. Gesammelt und herausgegeben von Alfred Hilgard. (Strassburg; 1885); (Official documents regarding the history of the city Speyer. With the Historical Society of the Palatine of Speyer, dedicated by Heinrich Hilgard-Willard. Collected and published by Alfred Hilgard. (Strasbourg; 1885);
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
None
1. Full Date of Act
Nov. 29, 1346
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
“Order” of Emperor Louis IV [Ludwig der Bayer]
3. Geography of Act
Present-day Germany; Free Imperial Cities of Wetterau
4. Text of Act

[…] Ulrich II von Hanau, bailiff ('Landvogt') of Wetterau and the cities of Wetterau – Frankfurt, Friedberg, Gelnhausen, and Wetzlar - is ordered hereby to stop and require the Jews living there to pay the golden penny. […]

5. Source
Braunfels, Fürstlich Solms-Braunfels’sches Archiv, Kopialbuch Hungener Urkunden 2, 4, Nr. 4, Abschr., dt., Papier (“Braunsfels, Princly Solms-Braunsfels Archive, Copy Book Hungener documents/certificates 2, 4, No. 4, Copy, German, Paper”);
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
None
1. Full Date of Act
1347
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Law issued by the Synod at Prague
3. Geography of Act
Present-day Czech Republic
4. Text of Act

Commentary from other sources: 1) “Another synod held at Prague, 1347, commanded the Jews to keep away from the streets and remain in their homes.” Paul Halsall: “Medieval Sourcebook: Ordinance of the Jews of the Crown of Aragon, 1354 CE.” (September 1999)

5. Source
None
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
None
1. Full Date of Act
Apr. 10, 1347
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
“Official Announcement” of the City Council of Cologne
3. Geography of Act
Electorate of Cologne; Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act

[…] few points* contained in the [previous] privileges granted to the Jews, which according to the teaching of 'good' clergymen, has now become evident, to be incompatible with God and the salvation of our souls. Therefore, [we] Councilors/Councilmen have decided to revoke these points with the next extension of these privileges […]. Disputes that involve money/monetary payments ('Geldzahlungen') and food-related issues shall no longer be brought forth and negotiated in a synagogue and in front of the head of the Jewish community as it has been done in the past. […] The gates that stand at the end of the Jewish alley ('Judengasse') shall not be structurally modified in the next thirteen years. […]

5. Source
Köln, HAStadt, Best. 30, V2, fol. 5r/v; Abschr. (zeitnah), dt. Perg. (“Cologne” City H[istory]A[rchive], Stock 30, V2, fol. 5r/v; Copy (contemporary), German, [on] Parchment Paper”)
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
Researcher
Upon further examination, it is clear that there were not a “few” points that needed to be modified but technically just one; however, one of extraordinary importance.”
1. Full Date of Act
Jul. 19, 1347
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Writ of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV
3. Geography of Act
Present-day Switzerland
4. Text of Act

Emperor Louis, the Bavarian, confirms the Jewry of Zurich, his chamber-servants, payment of 50 Florentine Gulden, which they have been submitting to Count Eberhard von Nelleburg [his Landvogt*] as per his order for two years as tax-payments […]

5. Source
Regesta Imperii. Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur Mainz. (Academy of Sciences and Literature of Mainz. [RI VII] Ludwig der Bayer (Louis, the Bavarian); 1314-1347 - [RI VII] H. 6); www.regesta-imperii.de.
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
Researcher
*A Vogt or Landvogt was akin to bailiffs in certain German-speaking territories during the Holy Roman Empire.
1. Full Date of Act
Aug. 14, 1347
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
“Order [of Pawning of Jews]” by Emperor Louis IV [Ludwig der Bayer]
3. Geography of Act
Present-day Germany; Free Imperial City of Gelnhausen
4. Text of Act

[…] we pledge Our and the empire’s Jews living in Gelnhausen (‘Geilnhusen’) [to Heinrich of Isenburg] with all the accompanying rights. […]

5. Source
UB [Urkundenbuch] zur Geschichte der Herren von Hanau 2, Nr. 729, S. 714 f. (“Certificate Book for the History of the Lords of Hanau 2, No. 729, p. 714 f.”);
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
Researcher
This document was issued and signed in Speyer, Rhineland-Palatinate.
1. Full Date of Act
Sep. 8, 1347
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
“Writ” issued by King Charles IV of Bohemia
3. Geography of Act
Kingdom of Bohemia
4. Text of Act

King Charles IV transfers the Wroclaw Jews – his chamber servants – to the [City] Council of Wroclaw for their protection and permits the city to increase levies/taxes on Jews as much as they see fit.

5. Source
Breslauer Urkundenbuch bearbeitet von Georg Korn. Erster Teil. (Breslau; 1870); (Historical Documents of Wroclaw edited by Georg Korn. First part.) (Wroclaw; 1870)
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
Researcher
This is a translation of a German summary of the original Latin text, both of which can be found in the source cited.
1. Full Date of Act
Oct. 4, 1347
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
“Order” of Roman Emperor Charles IV
3. Geography of Act
Kingdom of Bohemia
4. Text of Act

King Carl IV orders all judges, lay judges of the cites and markets of the kingdom of Bohemia to stop and require the Jews in their cities to submit the interests/taxes to the royal chamber-servant Jew [named Trostlin] in Prague.

5. Source
Codex diplomaticus et epistolaris Moraviae. Urkunden-Sammlung zur Geschichte Mährens, im Auftrage des mährischen Landes-Ausschusses, herausgegeben von P. Ritter v. Chlumecky, und redigirt von Joseph Chytil. Siebenten Bandes (1334-1349). II Abteilung (bog. 56-88); (Brünn, 1860); (Codex of Documents and Letters from Moravia: Collection of official documents regarding the history of Moravia, commissioned by the Moravian land-committee, edited by P. Knight Chlumecky, and reedited by Joseph Chytil. Seventh Volume (1334-1349); II Division (p[apers] 56-88)); Brno; 1860;
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
Researcher
The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Latin text both of which can be found in the cited source.
1. Full Date of Act
Oct. 16, 1347
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
“Official Document” issued by King IV (“Karl”) IV
3. Geography of Act
Present-day Germany; Swabian
4. Text of Act

We, Carl/Karl […] pledge to our faithful Albrecht von Rechberg and his heirs the Office of the ‘Community President’/Mayor ('Ammanamt'), the taxes, the Jews, the taxes on goods, tariffs, and the domain of Ulm ('das rich ze Ulme') […] for 1000 Mark silver. […]

5. Source
Ludwigsburg, StA, B 207, U 2, Insert, dt., Perg. (“Ludwigsburg, State Archive, B 207, U 2, Insert, German, [on] parchment paper”)
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
Editor
Swabian Imperial City of Ulm; Present-day Germany
1. Full Date of Act
Oct. 17, 1347
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
“Additional Taxation of Jews” issued by King Charles (Karl IV)
3. Geography of Act
Kingdom of Bohemia; Present-day Czech Republic
4. Text of Act

We, Karl, Roman King by the grace of God, […] announce to those who read or hear this letter/document, that We owe our beloved and loyal servant Burkhard von Eptingen (Purkharten von Eptingen) […] two hundred mark of Colmar weight (currency) for his service, which he has absolved and showed to Us. And in order to guarantee him this debt, we assure him and his heirs twenty mark the of annual taxes of the Jews of Colmar as payment for this debt […] which they are indebted to Us and the kingdom […]. These twenty marks are not to be deducted from the main sum which they have committed to Us and our successors* in the past […].

5. Source
Colmar, AM, AA 172/5, Orig., dt., Perg. (mit einem Waagerechten Schnitt rechts in der Mitte); (“Colmar, AM, A[rchive for] A[nthropology] 172/5, Orig[inal], German, [on] Parchment Paper.”)
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
Researcher
*The debt of the King was a levy placed on Jews in addition to the taxation the Jews faced every year.
1. Full Date of Act
Oct. 31, 1347
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
“Order” issued by Roman Emperor Karl IV (Charles IV)
3. Geography of Act
Present-day Germany; Free Imperial City of Nuremberg
4. Text of Act

[…] the Earls (Burggrafen) Johann and Abrecht, their heirs, and their independent debtors and citizens are exonerated of all debts owed to any and all of Our Jews who live in our Kingdom/domain whether permanently or temporarily, or who reside under someone else(‘s jurisdiction) […] and especially [debts owed to] those Jews whose life and property belong to Our chamber and who are under Our power and jurisdiction. […].

5. Source
Bamberg, State Archive, BBU 251, Original.
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
None
1. Full Date of Act
Nov. 3, 1347
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
“Royal Announcement” issued by King Carl IV (“Karl”)
3. Geography of Act
Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act

We, […] give the duke Fredrick von Teck ('Friedrich von Tecken') for his proven [past] and future service (the use of) the [office of the] bailiff ('Landvogtei') of Our empire and the land of Frankonia with all its rights, taxes, and Jews and everything that is part of it/belongs to it ('und allem dem, das darczu gehort') […]

5. Source
Nürnberg, StA, Reichsstadt Rothenburg, MA U 300, Orig., dt., Perg. (“Nuremberg City Archive, Imperial City of Rothenburg, MA U 300, Orig[inal], German, [on] parchment paper”);
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
None
1. Full Date of Act
Nov. 4, 1347
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
“Royal Grant” issued by Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV
3. Geography of Act
Archbishopric of Mainz; Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act

[…We…] grant Abby John Hersfeld ('Iohanni… abbati… Hersfeldensi') for his devotion […] the right to have and keep Jews ('ius habendi et retinendi iudeos') in his city of Hersfeld in the [Arch-]Diocese of Mainz […]. He may use and keep the Jews he [chooses to] settle [there] for his own good and in the service of the Abby and the monastery as a fief [from Us] ('in feodum') in addition to the fiefs already granted to him. We order the master-consuls, council-members and the entire community of Hersfeld ('magistris consulum, consulibus totique universitati Hersfeldensi') – in order to keep Our favor/goodwill - to permit the Abby and the monastery to use and enjoy their fief unhindered if they wish to escape the severest of punishments. […]

5. Source
Marburg, StA, Urk. 56, Nr. 377, Orig. (A), lat. Perg.; (“Marburg City Archive, Document 56, No. 377, Orig[inal] (A), Latin, [on] parchment paper”)
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
None
1. Full Date of Act
Nov. 25, 1347
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
“Official Announcement” issued by Knight Johann vom Steine (“Iohan vom Steine”)
3. Geography of Act
Archbishopric of Mainz; Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act

I, Iohan vom Steine, knight, agree and announce to all people […] that the honorable […] Henry [III], Archbishop of Mainz ('Heinrich, ertzbischof zu Mentz') and his [Arch-] Stift (prince-archbishopric) owe us 1000 small Gulden/Guilder* […] which the Kawertschen** and Jews of Bingen are to pay off each winter [by submitting] 100 Pounds ('100 Pfund') on Saint Martin’s Day […].

5. Source
Würzburg, StA, Mainzer Urkunden 4076 und 4077, Orig., dt. Perg. (“Würzburg City Archive, Documents/Certificates of Mainz 4076 and 4077, Orig[inal], German, [on] Parchment Paper”)
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
Researcher
*Gulden is a German and Dutch term for gold coins equivalent to the English term guilder. **The term Kawertschen referred to money-lenders.
1. Full Date of Act
1348 C.E.
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Ordinance “De solutione census per Judaeorum” issued by Carl IV
3. Geography of Act
Present-day Czech Republic [Provisional]
4. Text of Act

“[…] Should a Jew receive a pledge in exchange to the debt owed to him, he may not sell it without acquiring authorisation and consent […] or be punished with disfavor and the confiscation of the pledge itself.”

5. Source
Stein, Abraham (Rabbi in Radnitz): Die Geschichte der Juden in Böhmen: Nach amtlichen gedruckten und ungedruckten Quellen Bearbeitet; (“The History of the Jews of Bohemia: Edited according to Official Printed and Unprinted Sources”); (Brünn; 1904)
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
None
1. Full Date of Act
Jan. 4, 1348
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Writ “Gifting of Jews” to the city of Worms issued by Charles IV
3. Geography of Act
Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act

Charles gifts/transfers the Jews of Worms to the local city government.

5. Source
The Jewish Encyclopedia: The History, Religion Literature, and Customs of the Jewish People From the Earliest Times to the Present Day; edited by Isidore Singer; Volume XII. (New York/London);
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
Researcher
The above is a summary of the original text, which can be found in the City Archive of Worms, Dept. 1 A II - 0153a-b.
1. Full Date of Act
Feb. 8, 1348
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Alcala Ordinance by Alfonso XI. Title IX, Law II. Regarding Christians not having to pay their debts to Jews after a period of six years
3. Geography of Act
Present-day Spain
4. Text of Act

(…) And therefore we order and establish that (…) if seven years have not passed that the demands of the day that period in which the debt made in compliance with the term had to be paid; and after the plaintiff is not heard; and the debts and the demands that the Jews would have for reasons of contracts made by the Christians, which cannot be sued, nor delivered after six years of the term they were to be paid.

5. Source
“The ordinances of Laws that D. Alfonso XI made in the Courts of Alcala de Henares in the year One Thousand Three Hundred and Forty Eight. Published with notes and speech about the state of Jews in Spain,” (El ordenamiento de leyes que D. Alfonso XI hizo en las Cortes de Alcalá de Henares el año de mil trescientos y quarenta y ocho), by doctors. Dr. Ignacio Jordan de Asso Y Del Rio, and Dr. Miguel de Manuel y Rodriguez. Accessed online.
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
None
1. Full Date of Act
Mar. 8, 1348
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
“Jewish Privilege” issued by Carl IV
3. Geography of Act
Present-day Czech Republic
4. Text of Act

[…] Jews are permitted to settle in Neustadt […] however, only those from 'Altstadt' and the 'Judengasse' (Jewish-Quarters) […] they can also enjoy the 12-year tax-exemption, if they build 'solid' houses/buildings (houses built out of stone) […]

5. Source
Stein, Abraham (Rabbi in Radnitz): Die Geschichte der Juden in Böhmen: Nach amtlichen gedruckten und ungedruckten Quellen Bearbeitet; (“The History of the Jews of Bohemia: Edited according to Official Printed and Unprinted Sources”); (Brünn; 1904);
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
None
1. Full Date of Act
Mar. 28, 1348
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
“Writ” of King Charles IV of Bohemia
3. Geography of Act
Kingdom of Bohemia
4. Text of Act

Charles IV, King of Bohemia, permits the citizens of Brno to collect* the tributes of 100 Schock [pennies] which the Jews of Brno submit to the royal chamber annually and are given to the King Louis of Hungary and Heinrich von Lichtenburg in his name, and from any new Jew who settles in the city, so long as they understand that this does not free them of the payments that are due to the King of Hungary and the Lord of Lichtenburg.

5. Source
Zur Geschichte der Juden in Böhmen, Mähren und Schlesien von 906 bis 1620. Herausgegeben von Gottlieb Bondy, em. Präsidenten der Handels - und Gewerbekammer in Prag. Zur Herausgabe vorbereitet und ergänzt von Franz Dworsky, em. Director des Landesarchives des Königreiches Böhmens. I. 1577 bis 1620. (Prag; 1906); (Regarding the history of Jews in Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia from 906 to 1620. Published by Gottlieb Bondy, fo[rmer] President of the Trade and Commerce and Industry in Prague. Prepared for publication and supplemented by Franz Dworsky, fo[rmer] Director of the National Archives of the Kingdom of Bohemia. I. 1577 to 1620.); (Prague; 1906)
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
Researcher
This is a translation of a German summary of the original Latin text. The Latin text can be found in Volume VII of the “Codex diplomaticus et epistolaris Moraviae.” The original document was written and signed in Prague. This permission to “collect” the levies placed on Jews, ultimately, gave the city permission to raise taxes on them as they saw fit.
1. Full Date of Act
Apr. 12, 1348
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
“Extract of the Privilege of Holy Roman King Charles IV (‘Caroli IV’) for the Jews in Worms"
3. Geography of Act
Present-day Germany; Free Imperial City of Worms/Holy Roman Empire
4. Text of Act

We, Charles (‘Carl’), Roman King by the grace of God […] have given the Jews and the Jewry of Worms, together with their belongings and their use and right [over them] … which belong to Us and Our ancestors of the empire […] to the citizens of Worms […] they may do with the Jews and Jewry of Worms as they please […]. And we vow not to pledge or sell the Jews and Jewry whom we have gifted and given to the citizens of Worms to anyone in the future […].

5. Source
Des Reichs-Stättischen Hand-Buchs. Zweyter Theil. (Hand-book of the Imperial Cities. Second part.); (Tübingen; 1733);
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
None
1. Full Date of Act
Nov. 24, 1348
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
“Writ” of King Charles IV of Bohemia
3. Geography of Act
Kingdom of Bohemia
4. Text of Act

Charles IV, King of Bohemia, transfers the revenues brought in by his chamber-servants, the Jews from Wroclaw and [Neumarkt], to the councilmen and citizens of Wroclaw in compensation for the 500 Mark pennies which they have collected for the purpose of repurchasing the city of [Frankenstein].

5. Source
Zur Geschichte der Juden in Böhmen, Mähren und Schlesien von 906 bis 1620. Herausgegeben von Gottlieb Bondy, em. Präsidenten der Handels - und Gewerbekammer in Prag. Zur Herausgabe vorbereitet und ergänzt von Franz Dworsky, em. Director des Landesarchives des Königreiches Böhmens. I. 1577 bis 1620. (Prag; 1906); (Regarding the history of Jews in Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia from 906 to 1620. Published by Gottlieb Bondy, fo[rmer] President of the Trade and Commerce and Industry in Prague. Prepared for publication and supplemented by Franz Dworsky, fo[rmer] Director of the National Archives of the Kingdom of Bohemia. I. 1577 to 1620.) (Prague; 1906)
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
Researcher
This is a translation of a German summary of the original Latin text. The Latin text can be found in Volume VII of the “Codex diplomaticus et epistolaris Moraviae.”
1. Full Date of Act
1349 C.E.
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
“Ordinance” issued by Archbishop Ernst von Pardubitz of Prague
3. Geography of Act
Present-day Czech Republic [Provisional]
4. Text of Act

“The appearance, [and] the similarity in the external appearances, which the Jews demonstrate with the Christians in [terms of] clothing, often leads to the danger that Christen men intermingle with Jewish women by mistake and Jews with Christian women. In order that such despicable incidences of such mixing on the pretext of error may no longer be excused […] we order that male Jews shall wear broad hats on their heads and not caps/hoods (‘breite Hüte und nicht Kapuzen’). The women, however, are to wear their hair over their foreheads in a high-coiffed (‘hochfrisiert’) manner under their veil. […] so that they may be distinguishable by such signs from the Christians at all times; if however, the Jews do not adopt such signs within two months of publication of these guidelines as of today, a church ban shall be placed on them and any intercourse/contact with Christians shall be forbidden to them […] and the Lord of each place who does not require such conduct from them shall be punished and the spiritual authority of the state or the village in which such Jews remain who are undistinguishable, shall impose an exclusion on them from all general religious activities until the Jews have obeyed this present order. […]”

5. Source
Steinherz: Samuel: Jahrbuch – Der Gesellschaft für Geschichte der Juden in der Cechoslovakischen Republik; III Jahrgang; (2008); (Yearbook – The Society for the History of the Jews in the Czech Republic, III Year; (2008));
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
None
1. Full Date of Act
1349
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
Order issued by the Council in Strasbourg
3. Geography of Act
France
4. Text of Act

Commentary from other sources: 1) “The Christian mobs in Europe were not carrying out a religious mandate. In fact, they were openly defying the pope and other religious leaders. They were also defying their own political leaders. For example, on February 9, 1349, the town council of Strasbourg, a city in present-day France, voted to protect local Jews from attack. That evening, the city's guilds overthrew the council and put a new one in its place. The new councilmen promptly ordered the arrest of all Jews.” Phyllis Goldstein: “A Convenient Hatred: The History of Antisemitism.” p. 98 2) “Nevertheless they tortured a number of Jews in Berne and Zofingen [Switzerland] who then admitted that they had put poison into many wells, and they also found the poison in the wells. Thereupon they burnt the Jews in many towns and wrote of this affair to Strasbourg, Freiburg, and Basel in order that they too should burn their Jews. But the leaders in these three cities in whose hands the government lay did not believe that anything ought to be done to the Jews. However in Basel the citizens marched to the city-hall and compelled the council to take an oath that they would burn the Jews, and that they would allow no Jew to enter the city for the next two hundred years. Thereupon the Jews were arrested in all these places and a conference was arranged to meet at Benfeld rAlsace, February 8, 1349. The Bishop of Strasbourg [Berthold II], all the feudal lords of Alsace, and representatives of the three above mentioned cities came there. The deputies of the city of Strasbourg were asked what they were going to do with their Jews. Thev answered and said that they knew no evil of them. Then they asked the Strasbourgers why they had closed the wells and put away the buckets, and there was a great indignation and clamor against the deputies from Strasbourg. So finally the Bishop and the lords and the Imperial Cities agreed to do away with the Jews. The result was that they were burnt in many cities, and wherever they were expelled they were caught by the peasants and stabbed to death or drowned...(The town-council of Strasbourg which wanted to save the Jews was deposed on the 9th-10th of February, and the new council gave in to the mob, who then arrested the Jews on Friday, the 13th.).” Paul Halsal: “Jewish History Sourcebook: The Black Death and the Jews 1348-1349 CE.” (July 1998)

5. Source
None
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
None
1. Full Date of Act
1349
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
“Ultimatum to Jews”
3. Geography of Act
Republic of Strasbourg
4. Text of Act

Commentary from Other Sources: 1) On Valentine’s Day 1349, Strasbourg’s Jews were taken to the city’s cemetery and given an ultimatum: baptism or death. http://jspacenews.com/february-14-1349-black-death-jewish-ultimatum/

5. Source
None
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
None
1. Full Date of Act
Mar. 2, 1349
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)
“Extract of the Donation-Letter of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV (‘Caroli IV’)"
3. Geography of Act
Present-day Germany; Free Imperial City of Worms/Holy Roman Empire
4. Text of Act

We, Charles (‘Carol’), Roman King by the grace of God […] with the power of this letter […] gift the Jewish houses, court/farm-yards, land, (wooden)-stages/platforms/decks (‘Bühnen’) and everything that belong to Jews individually or as a community in and around the city of Worms - whatever the name of the goods may be [… to use by the city …] and do with these possessions what they will [without objection from anyone …].

5. Source
Des Reichs-Stättischen Hand-Buchs. Zweyter Theil. (Hand-book of the Imperial Cities. Second part.); (Tübingen; 1733);
6. Researcher
None
7. Year of Research
None
8. Notes
None