Acts – Page 54 – OAJA.org

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 14, 1559
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Mandate” issued by Ferdinand I, King of Bohemia, Duke of Silesia
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Czech Republic, Germany, Poland; Duchies of Silesia/Kingdom of Bohemia/Bohemian crown lands
4. Text of Act	[…] since the Jewry is not to be tolerated in Bohemia and its incorporated lands, that is also why one is not to admit them into Silesia or to permit them to pass through […]
5. Source	D. Anthon Balthasar Walthers königl. Preußischen Kriegs- und Domainen-Raths Silesia Diplomatica, Oder Verzeichnis derer gedruckten Schlesischen Diplomatum, Privilegiorum, Landes-Gesetze, Statuten, Päpstlichen Bullen, Ober-Amtlichen Patenten, Gerichtlichen Bescheide, Beschlüsse, Gutachten, Rechtlichen Ausführungen, Beschwernüsse, Vergleiche, Friedens-Schlüsse, und andere zur Schlesischen Historie und Rechtsgelahrsamkeit gehörigen Uhrkunden und Nachrichten. Nebst einem Verzeichnis der Autorum worinnen dieselben zum Theil befindlich und einem Register über die vornehmsten Sachen. Zweyter Tomus. Enthält die zum weltlichen Zustande Schlesiens gehörige Uhrkunden. (Breslau; 1742); (D. Anthon Balthasar Walther’s royal, reproduction of the Prussian war- & domain-council [laws] of Silesia; Or directory/register of printed Silesian official documents, privileges, state laws, statutes, papal bulls, official patents, court announcements, decisions, expert opinions, legal declarations, complaints, comparisons/settlements, peace agreements, and other legal documents and news pertaining to the History of Silesia and its legal scholarship. In addition to a list of authors some of which are included, and a register of the most noble matters. Second volume. Contains documents belonging to the worldly state of Silesia.) (Wroclaw; 1742);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	May 9, 1559
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Writ” of Emperor and King Ferdinand
3. Geography of Act	Habsburg Monarchy; Holy Roman Empire; Kingdom of Bohemia
4. Text of Act	Emperor and King Ferdinand permits a number of named Jews to stay for another year in Bohemia so that they can settle their debt and to sell their houses.
5. Source	Zur Geschichte der Juden in Böhmen, Mähren und Schlesien von 906 bis 1620. Herausgegeben von Gottlieb Bondy, em. Präsidenten der Handels- und Gewerbekammer in Prag. Zur Herausgabe vorbereitet und ergänzt von Franz Dworsky, em. Director des Landesarchivs des Königreiches Böhmens. I. 906 bis 1576. (Prag; 1906); (Regarding the history of Jews in Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia from 906 to 1620. Published by Gottlieb Bondy, fo[rmer] President of the Trade and Commerce and Industry in Prague. Prepared for publication and supplemented by Franz Dworsky, fo[rmer] Director of the National Archives of the Kingdom of Bohemia. I. 906 to 1576.) (Prague; 1906)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Czech text both of which can be found in the cited source. It was drafted and signed in Augsburg. This permission to stay longer was only extended to those Jews named in this writ.

1. Full Date of Act	May 10, 1559
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Extract of the Privilege of Emperor Ferdinand I
3. Geography of Act	Free Imperial City of Ravensburg; Holy Roman Empire; Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	We, Ferdinand, elected Roman Emperor by the grace of God [bestow upon the mayor and City Council of Ravensburg and its citizens the liberty …] namely to no longer permit a Jew or Jewess to make loans - may they be usurious or not - to anyone in the City of Ravensburg without the prior knowledge and permission fo the City Council … or to enter any other kind of contract … Violators are to lose any claims on debts owed to them and pay 10 Mark soldered gold …And any legal aid/argument they may bring forth to insist on their right is revoked and made void by the power of this letter of the Roman Emperor…]
5. Source	Des Reichs-Stättischen Hand-Buchs. Zweyter Theil. (Hand-book of the Imperial Cities. Second part.); (Tübingen; 1733)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	May 29, 1559
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Extract of the Privilege” of Emperor Ferdinand I
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Free Imperial City of Lindau/Holy Roman Empire
4. Text of Act	We, Ferdinand, by the grace of God, elected Roman Emperor [… have bestowed upon the mayor and City Council of Lindau and its citizens the freedom …] to no longer permit Jews or Jewesses [to enter into usurious contracts of any kind with locals … ] and Jews or Jewesses who act in defiance [against this order] after it has been made public, are to pay Us and Our successors 10 Mark of soldered gold […] and lose both their capital and any usurious interests […]
5. Source	Des Reichs-Stättischen Hand-Buchs. Zweyter Theil. (Hand-book of the Imperial Cities. Second part.); (Tübingen; 1733);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	May 31, 1559
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Writ” of Emperor/King Ferdinand I
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Czech Republic; Holy Roman Empire/House of Habsburg
4. Text of Act	Ferdinand I informs Archduke Ferdinand that he has extended the deadline for a few more Jews to stay in the Kingdom of Bohemia in response to the Archduke’s intercession.
5. Source	Zur Geschichte der Juden in Böhmen, Mähren und Schlesien von 906 bis 1620. Herausgegeben von Gottlieb Bondy, em. Präsidenten der Handels- und Gewerbekammer in Prag. Zur Herausgabe vorbereitet und ergänzt von Franz Dworsky, em. Director des Landesarchivs des Königreiches Böhmens. I. 906 bis 1576. (Prag; 1906); (Regarding the history of Jews in Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia from 906 to 1620. Published by Gottlieb Bondy, fo[rmer] President of the Trade and Commerce and Industry in Prague. Prepared for publication and supplemented by Franz Dworsky, fo[rmer] Director of the National Archives of the Kingdom of Bohemia. I. 906 to 1576.); (Prague; 1906);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Czech text both of which can be found in the cited source. It was drafted and signed in Augsburg. The permission to stay longer was only extended to individual Jews and only temporarily. All other Jews were required to leave the land.

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 11, 1559
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Extract of the Privilege of Emperor Ferdinand I for the city Leutkirch against Jews and their usurious contracts"
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Free Imperial City of Leutkirch/Holy Roman Empire
4. Text of Act	We, Ferdinand, by the grace of God, elected Roman Emperor [… have graciously bestowed upon the mayor and the City Council of Leutkirch as the governing head … in response to their complaints and urgent pleas liberty …], to no longer to [be required to] permit Jews or Jewesses to make loans on pawns/pledges, jewels (‘Cleinoder’), cloths, […] or movable or immovable goods/properties in this city without the prior knowledge and permission of the mayor and the [City] council […] nor to enter in any other kind of contractual agreements […]. [Violators are to lose their capital and all interests …]
5. Source	Des Reichs-Stättischen Hand-Buchs. Zweyter Theil. (Hand-book of the Imperial Cities. Second part.); (Tübingen; 1733);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Sep. 14, 1559
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Edict” issued by Emperor Ferdinand I
3. Geography of Act	Bohemian crown lands
4. Text of Act	All Jews, [may they be] male or female, are banned from Bohemia and from its incorporated lands. After St. George’s Day, none of them shall be found in any of the districts/domains lest they be fined or receive corporal punishment.
5. Source	Acta Publica. Verhandlungen und Correspondenzen der schlesischen Fürsten und Stände. Namens des Vereins für Geschichte und Alterthum Schlesiens herausgegeben von Dr. Julius Krebs, ord. Lehrer des Roalgymnasiums am Zwinger. VI Band: Die Jahre 1626-1627. (Breslau; 1885); (Official/public Acts. Negotiations and correspondence between the Silesian princes and the estates [of the realm]. Name of the Association for History and Antiquity of Silesia edited by Julius Krebs, PhD., proper/full-time teacher at Roalgymnasium at Zwinger. VI volume. The years 1626-1627.) (Wroclaw; 1885)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 13, 1559
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Writ” of Emperor/King Ferdinand I
3. Geography of Act	Holy Roman Empire; House of Habsburg
4. Text of Act	Ferdinand I informs Archduke Ferdinand that he has extended the deadline for a number of Jews to stay in Bohemia in response to the Archduke’s intercession.
5. Source	Zur Geschichte der Juden in Böhmen, Mähren und Schlesien von 906 bis 1620. Herausgegeben von Gottlieb Bondy, em. Präsidenten der Handels- und Gewerbekammer in Prag. Zur Herausgabe vorbereitet und ergänzt von Franz Dworsky, em. Director des Landesarchivs des Königreiches Böhmens. I. 906 bis 1576. (Prag; 1906); (Regarding the history of Jews in Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia from 906 to 1620. Published by Gottlieb Bondy, fo[rmer] President of the Trade and Commerce and Industry in Prague. Prepared for publication and supplemented by Franz Dworsky, fo[rmer] Director of the National Archives of the Kingdom of Bohemia. I. 906 to 1576.); (Prague; 1906)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Czech text both of which can be found in the cited source. It was drafted and signed in Augsburg. The permission to stay longer was only extended to individual Jews and only temporarily. All other Jews were expelled.

1. Full Date of Act	1560
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Toll/Tax Ordinance (‘Zollverordnung') of Rovereto,” year 1560
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Italy [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	"Jews passing through on foot pay 10 Kreuzer […] those on a horse pay 20 Kreuzer."
5. Source	Studien zur Geschichte und Gesellschaft Vorarlbergs. Regionalstudie zur Geschichte einer Weltanschauung [-] Antisemitismus in Vorarlberg. Herausgegeben von Werner Dreier in Zusammenarbeit mit der Johann-August-Malin-Gesellschaft. Gedruckt mit Unterstützung des Bundesministeriums für Wissenschaft und Forschung in Wien, des Landes Voralberg, der Landeshauptstadt Bregenz sowie der Stadt Hohenems. (“Studies Regarding the History and Society of Voralberg. A Regional study Regarding the History of a Weltanschauung [-] Anti-Semitism in Voralsberg. Published by Werner Dreier in Cooperation with the Johann-August-Malin-Society. Printed with the support of the Federal Ministry for Science and Research in Vienna, the State of Voralberg, State Capital of Bregenz and the City of Hohenems.”); (Bregenz; 1988);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2018
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 4, 1560
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Writ” of Archduke Ferdinand I
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Czech Republic; Holy Roman Empire/House of Habsburg
4. Text of Act	Archduke Ferdinand orders the Jewish eldest of Prague to report those Jews who do not possess letters of protection/escort (‘Geleitbriefe’) so that they leave the Kingdom of Bohemia within three days.
5. Source	Zur Geschichte der Juden in Böhmen, Mähren und Schlesien von 906 bis 1620. Herausgegeben von Gottlieb Bondy, em. Präsidenten der Handels- und Gewerbekammer in Prag. Zur Herausgabe vorbereitet und ergänzt von Franz Dworsky, em. Director des Landesarchivs des Königreiches Böhmens. I. 906 bis 1576. (Prag; 1906); (Regarding the history of Jews in Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia from 906 to 1620. Published by Gottlieb Bondy, fo[rmer] President of the Trade and Commerce and Industry in Prague. Prepared for publication and supplemented by Franz Dworsky, fo[rmer] Director of the National Archives of the Kingdom of Bohemia. I. 906 to 1576.); (Prague; 1906);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Czech text both of which can be found in the cited source.

1. Full Date of Act	Feb. 28, 1560
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Order" of Prince-Bishop Bernhard von Raesfeld
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Prince-Bishopric of Münster
4. Text of Act	[…] Dear faithful! After we’ve come to realize (‘befunden’) that Jews living, conversing, and dealing among us amounts to nothing less than blasphemy and abuse of our Lord Jesus Christ […] we have decided once and for all, to no longer tolerate them in our territories […] and that they shall not be seen after Palm-Sunday (April 7) in this our Stift […] or face a proper/severe punishment […]
5. Source	Westfalia Judaica III. Quellen und Regesten zur Geschichte der Juden in der Stadt Münster 1530-1650/1662. Herausgegeben von Diethard Aschoff. Institutum Judaicum Delitzschianum der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster. Band 3.1. (“Jewish Westfalia III. Sources and Regests Regarding the History of Jews in the City of Münster 1530-1650/1662. Edited by Diethard Aschoff. Institutum Judaicum Delitzschianum at the Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Westphalia.”); (Münster; 2000)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2018
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 13, 1560
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Writ” of Emperor Ferdinand addressed to his son, Archduke Ferdinand
3. Geography of Act	Habsburg Monarchy; Holy Roman Empire; Kingdom of Bohemia
4. Text of Act	Emperor Ferdinand writes to his son Ferdinand, that he has extended the stay of those Jews who still remaining in the lands of the Bohemian crown for one more year due to King Maximilian’s and his wife’s intercession and that of Archduke Charles […] provided that Ferdinand demands/collects their books […] and has these examined by experts for any blasphemy against the Christian faith and corrected (if necessary). Furthermore, Ferdinand is to order Jews at the threat of the loss of their lives and made public in the synagogues, that anyone (Jew) who wishes to attend a Christian sermon is to do so unhindered and that if a Jew wishes to convert to the [Christian] religion, should remain free and safe of persecution.
5. Source	Zur Geschichte der Juden in Böhmen, Mähren und Schlesien von 906 bis 1620. Herausgegeben von Gottlieb Bondy, em. Präsidenten der Handels- und Gewerbekammer in Prag. Zur Herausgabe vorbereitet und ergänzt von Franz Dworsky, em. Director des Landesarchivs des Königreiches Böhmens. I. 906 bis 1576. (Prag; 1906); (Regarding the history of Jews in Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia from 906 to 1620. Published by Gottlieb Bondy, fo[rmer] President of the Trade and Commerce and Industry in Prague. Prepared for publication and supplemented by Franz Dworsky, fo[rmer] Director of the National Archives of the Kingdom of Bohemia. I. 906 to 1576.); (Prague; 1906)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Czech text both of which can be found in the cited source. The document was drafted and signed in Vienna.

1. Full Date of Act	May 20, 1560
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Ordinance” issued by the City of Frankfurt
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Free Imperial City of Frankfurt
4. Text of Act	The heads of Jewish communities (‘Baumeister’) may only decide over small sin/petty crimes (‘kleine Frevel’)* […] they and Rabbis may settle small matters. Fines are to be divided between the Jewish community fond (‘Judengemeinde-Kasse’) and the state’s treasury (‘stätischen Aerar’)** […].
5. Source	Kurzer Abriss. Geschichte der Israeliten. Frankfurt a Main. (Short outline. History of the Israelis. Frankfurt a. Main); www.archive.org; Accessed online;
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	Researcher Frevel originally referred to sacrilege in some way; however, it could also refer to petty skirmishes between people. *Aerar (Latin: Aerarium) is an old term referring to the liquid and hard assets of a state.

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 2, 1560
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Decision” of the City Council of Kutna Hora (Kuttenberg)
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Czech Republic
4. Text of Act	[…] the Jews of Kolín/Kolin may not trade except on market days and may not stay overnight in the city.
5. Source	Zur Geschichte der Juden in Böhmen, Mähren und Schlesien von 906 bis 1620. Herausgegeben von Gottlieb Bondy, em. Präsidenten der Handels- und Gewerbekammer in Prag. Zur Herausgabe vorbereitet und ergänzt von Franz Dworsky, em. Director des Landesarchivs des Königreiches Böhmens. I. 906 bis 1576. (Prag; 1906); (Regarding the history of Jews in Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia from 906 to 1620. Published by Gottlieb Bondy, fo[rmer] President of the Trade and Commerce and Industry in Prague. Prepared for publication and supplemented by Franz Dworsky, fo[rmer] Director of the National Archives of the Kingdom of Bohemia. I. 906 to 1576.); (Prague; 1906);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Czech text both of which can be found in the cited source.

1. Full Date of Act	Sep. 21, 1560
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Statute Enacted by the University of Alcala de Henares, signed by King Philip II of Spain.
3. Geography of Act	Spain
4. Text of Act	[No one was to be admitted to the degree of licenciado] without a previous investigation as to whether he is an Old Christian, free of any race of Moors, Jews, and conversos, and that neither he nor any of his parents or grandparents or great-grandparents, on either the father's or mother's side, have received penances from the Holy Inquisition nor been made infamous by any other justice.
5. Source	Stafford Poole, “The Politics of Limpieza de Sangre: Juan de Ovando and his Circle in the Reign of Philip II,” The Americas, Volume 55, No. 3, 1999, p. 379, available from jstor.org.
6. Researcher	DeDe Mann (Covington)
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	Researcher According to the source above, the statute was enacted on September 21, 1560, by the theology department of the university and approved by the Council of Castile and signed by King Philip II on June 21, 1561.

1. Full Date of Act	1561
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Decree” of King Ferdinand
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Czech Republic [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	“The Jews of Prague should once a week attend a Jesuit sermon in the Salvator-Kirche (church) and should send their children thither.”
5. Source	The Jewish Encyclopedia: The History, Religion Literature, and Customs of the Jewish People From the Earliest Times to the Present Day; edited by Isidore Singer; (New York/London);
6. Researcher	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research	2018
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Feb. 23, 1561
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Writ” of Emperor Ferdinand addressed to Archduke Ferdinand
3. Geography of Act	Habsburg Monarchy; Holy Roman Empire; Kingdom of Bohemia
4. Text of Act	[…] We have taken your intercession and request to allow the Jews to remain in Bohemia a bit longer or to [at least] graciously extend the set deadline […] into fatherly consideration but have decided to insist that they (Jews) should leave the lands of the Bohemian Crown on [March 18] of this year and that they are not to be tolerated […] and furthermore, adhere to our general order […] and don’t step into Bohemia, not even for the purpose of collecting any outstanding debt or to sell their homes. […]
5. Source	Zur Geschichte der Juden in Böhmen, Mähren und Schlesien von 906 bis 1620. Herausgegeben von Gottlieb Bondy, em. Präsidenten der Handels- und Gewerbekammer in Prag. Zur Herausgabe vorbereitet und ergänzt von Franz Dworsky, em. Director des Landesarchivs des Königreiches Böhmens. I. 906 bis 1576. (Prag; 1906); (Regarding the history of Jews in Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia from 906 to 1620. Published by Gottlieb Bondy, fo[rmer] President of the Trade and Commerce and Industry in Prague. Prepared for publication and supplemented by Franz Dworsky, fo[rmer] Director of the National Archives of the Kingdom of Bohemia. I. 906 to 1576.); (Prague; 1906)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 24, 1561
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Writ” of Emperor Ferdinand addressed to Archduke Ferdinand
3. Geography of Act	Habsburg Monarchy; Holy Roman Empire; Kingdom of Bohemia
4. Text of Act	Emperor Ferdinand informs Archduke Ferdinand that the deadline regarding the emigration/expulsion of Jews remains unchanged and that only those willing to convert to Christianity will be permitted to stay in the lands of the Bohemian crown for a specific time.
5. Source	Zur Geschichte der Juden in Böhmen, Mähren und Schlesien von 906 bis 1620. Herausgegeben von Gottlieb Bondy, em. Präsidenten der Handels- und Gewerbekammer in Prag. Zur Herausgabe vorbereitet und ergänzt von Franz Dworsky, em. Director des Landesarchivs des Königreiches Böhmens. I. 906 bis 1576. (Prag; 1906); (Regarding the history of Jews in Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia from 906 to 1620. Published by Gottlieb Bondy, fo[rmer] President of the Trade and Commerce and Industry in Prague. Prepared for publication and supplemented by Franz Dworsky, fo[rmer] Director of the National Archives of the Kingdom of Bohemia. I. 906 to 1576.); (Prague; 1906)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a summary of the original long, old German text both of which can be found in the cited source.

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 25, 1561
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Extract of the Privilege” issued by Emperor Ferdinand I
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Holy Roman Empire
4. Text of Act	We, Ferdinand, elected Roman Emperor by the grace of God [bestow upon the mayor and City Council of Reutlingen and its citizens the liberty to no longer to allow …] a Jew or Jewess to make (usurious) loans on any immovable or movable property [to anyone in Reutlingen …] without the prior knowledge and permission [of the authorities … Violators are to lose their capital and interests … and should Jews attempt to legally make demands on their loans, the courts are to rule against their claims … And any legal aid/argument Jews may bring forth to insist on their right is revoked and made void by the power of this letter of the Roman Emperor…].
5. Source	Des Reichs-Stättischen Hand-Buchs. Zweyter Theil. (Hand-book of the Imperial Cities. Second part.); (Tübingen; 1733);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 10, 1562
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Writ” of Royal Chancellery (‘königliche Kanzlei’)
3. Geography of Act	Habsburg Monarchy; Holy Roman Empire; Kingdom of Bohemia
4. Text of Act	[…] all Jews, who do not possess any letters of protection/escort, are to leave the land within 14 days.
5. Source	Zur Geschichte der Juden in Böhmen, Mähren und Schlesien von 906 bis 1620. Herausgegeben von Gottlieb Bondy, em. Präsidenten der Handels- und Gewerbekammer in Prag. Zur Herausgabe vorbereitet und ergänzt von Franz Dworsky, em. Director des Landesarchivs des Königreiches Böhmens. I. 906 bis 1576. (Prag; 1906); (Regarding the history of Jews in Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia from 906 to 1620. Published by Gottlieb Bondy, fo[rmer] President of the Trade and Commerce and Industry in Prague. Prepared for publication and supplemented by Franz Dworsky, fo[rmer] Director of the National Archives of the Kingdom of Bohemia. I. 906 to 1576.); (Prague; 1906)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Czech text both of which can be found in the cited source. This order was issued in preparation for the expulsion of Jews and was drafted and signed in Prague Castle.

1. Full Date of Act	May 11, 1562
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Writ” of Emperor Ferdinand I
3. Geography of Act	Habsburg Monarchy; Holy Roman Empire; Kingdom of Bohemia
4. Text of Act	In response to the plea/intercession of the city-community of Novy Jicin (‘Neutitschein’), emperor Ferdinand expels the Jews from the dominions of Novy Jicin (‘Neutitschein’) and Štramberk/Stramberk(‘Stramberg’).
5. Source	Zur Geschichte der Juden in Böhmen, Mähren und Schlesien von 906 bis 1620. Herausgegeben von Gottlieb Bondy, em. Präsidenten der Handels- und Gewerbekammer in Prag. Zur Herausgabe vorbereitet und ergänzt von Franz Dworsky, em. Director des Landesarchivs des Königreiches Böhmens. I. 906 bis 1576. (Prag; 1906); (Regarding the history of Jews in Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia from 906 to 1620. Published by Gottlieb Bondy, fo[rmer] President of the Trade and Commerce and Industry in Prague. Prepared for publication and supplemented by Franz Dworsky, fo[rmer] Director of the National Archives of the Kingdom of Bohemia. I. 906 to 1576.); (Prague; 1906)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Czech text both of which can be found in the cited source. This order was issued in preparation for the expulsion of Jews and was drafted and signed in Prague Castle.

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 13, 1562
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Writ” of Emperor Ferdinand I addressed to the Jewish-eldest of Prague
3. Geography of Act	Habsburg Monarchy; Holy Roman Empire; Kingdom of Bohemia
4. Text of Act	[…] those Jews, who have returned to Prague and have brought others along with them, are to depart (leave the country) immediately and without delay.
5. Source	Zur Geschichte der Juden in Böhmen, Mähren und Schlesien von 906 bis 1620. Herausgegeben von Gottlieb Bondy, em. Präsidenten der Handels- und Gewerbekammer in Prag. Zur Herausgabe vorbereitet und ergänzt von Franz Dworsky, em. Director des Landesarchivs des Königreiches Böhmens. I. 906 bis 1576. (Prag; 1906); (Regarding the history of Jews in Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia from 906 to 1620. Published by Gottlieb Bondy, fo[rmer] President of the Trade and Commerce and Industry in Prague. Prepared for publication and supplemented by Franz Dworsky, fo[rmer] Director of the National Archives of the Kingdom of Bohemia. I. 906 to 1576.); (Prague; 1906)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Czech text both of which can be found in the cited source.

1. Full Date of Act	Sep. 14, 1562
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Jewish mandate issued by the Bishop of Strasbourg
3. Geography of Act	Prince-Bishopric of Strasbourg
4. Text of Act	None of our subjects … may transact anything with any Jews within or outside our common authority, neither with buying, selling, lending, pledging, transferring, nor becoming a surety,… Likewise, we also command … all Jews, male and female,… to refrain from doing anything with our people, nor to trade or contract with them, nor to buy or sell anything, lend or borrow anything, nor to enter into or establish any other alliance, suretyship, pledge or mortgage, whatever the name may be.
5. Source	Carl Theodor Weiss, “Geschichte und Rechtliche Stellung der Juden im Fürstbistum Strassburg, besorders in dem jetzt badischen teile, nach akten dargestellt [History and Legal Status of the Jews in the Prince-Bishopric of Strasbourg, especially in the part that is now Baden, presented according to documents],” P. Hanstein, Bonn, 1894, p.130-132, available from archive.org.
6. Researcher	Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	Translator The text of this Act is available in German in the source above. It was translated using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Sep. 29, 1562
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	[Land/State]-Ordinance for the Principality of Opole and Raciborz (‘Ratibor’); 54. Regarding the Jews
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Poland; Principality of Opole and Raciborz
4. Text of Act	1) No Lord, or prelate, or knightly man may occupy/settle Jews in [their] villages or cities or accept them without the gracious permission of his royal majesty. 2) Jews may not loan money to any Lord, prelate, or knightly men, or other subjects for the purpose of usury without the explicit permission of the Landlord* (‘Grundherrn’). 3) However, should a Jew loan a subject money without the permission of his Lord, he shall lose the entire sum of the loan, and the peasant/farmer or the subject shall forfeit the sum which he received from a Jew to his Lord. 4) And the Jew shall not take more than two small Heller [currency] per week for each Mark; should he, however, charge/take more [in interest], he shall lose the principal entirely and the peasant shall also forfeit everything he’s gotten from the Jew to his Lord. 5) Jews may not purchase anything stolen; however, should another seek and find something in the possession of a Jew that belongs to him (which he has lost), that Jew shall report and name the seller from whom he received the item, but nonetheless [he must] turn in the stolen item to the authorities. However, if the seller is not made public by name [to the authorities], he, who recognizes something that belongs to him in the possession of a Jew, and can prove it, shall be given the item back without restitution.
5. Source	Zur Geschichte der Juden in Böhmen, Mähren und Schlesien von 906 bis 1620. Herausgegeben von Gottlieb Bondy, em. Präsidenten der Handels- und Gewerbekammer in Prag. Zur Herausgabe vorbereitet und ergänzt von Franz Dworsky, em. Director des Landesarchivs des Königreiches Böhmens. I. 906 bis 1576. (Prag; 1906); (Regarding the history of Jews in Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia from 906 to 1620. Published by Gottlieb Bondy, fo[rmer] President of the Trade and Commerce and Industry in Prague. Prepared for publication and supplemented by Franz Dworsky, fo[rmer] Director of the National Archives of the Kingdom of Bohemia. I. 906 to 1576.); (Prague; 1906);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	Researcher *Landlord is used here in its original sense, meaning lord over a piece of land.

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 2, 1562
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Writ” of Emperor Ferdinand I
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Bohemia / Holy Roman Empire
4. Text of Act	Emperor Ferdinand graciously grants the already expelled Jews, [a few of whom] are however still [permitted to be] present in the land as per a letter of protection/escort (‘Geleitbrief’)* to participate** in the coronation of king Maximilian and extends their letter of protection/escort (‘Geleitbrief’)* starting from the day of this writ until the following Saint George’s Day and so that they can collect (‘issue reminders’) upon their debts.
5. Source	Zur Geschichte der Juden in Böhmen, Mähren und Schlesien von 906 bis 1620. Herausgegeben von Gottlieb Bondy, em. Präsidenten der Handels- und Gewerbekammer in Prag. Zur Herausgabe vorbereitet und ergänzt von Franz Dworsky, em. Director des Landesarchivs des Königreiches Böhmens. I. 906 bis 1576. (Prag; 1906); (Regarding the history of Jews in Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia from 906 to 1620. Published by Gottlieb Bondy, fo[rmer] President of the Trade and Commerce and Industry in Prague. Prepared for publication and supplemented by Franz Dworsky, fo[rmer] Director of the National Archives of the Kingdom of Bohemia. I. 906 to 1576.); (Prague; 1906)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a summary of the original Czech text both of which can be found in the cited source. The original was drafted and signed in Prague Castle.A ‘Geleitbrief’ was a letter that allowed the holder to move freely in the territory in which it was issued. * ‘To participate’ in the coronation of the next king usually meant contributing financially.