Acts – Page 65 – OAJA.org

1. Full Date of Act	Nov. 24, 1670
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Rescript Regarding the Prohibition [for Jews] to Trade with Yarn and Silk" issued by Duke Fredrick William of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Duchy of Prussia
4. Text of Act	After the Mayor and Council of Bielefeld have complained to us that Jews are selling (both publicly and in secret) yarn, linen, silk and junk items - in no less to the detriment of the local citizens who lose wages in this way - we are ordering that this is to be investigated immediately and that except for the Jews Marcus Spanier and Solomon Reinbach (...) no other Jews is to be tolerated in the city claiming to be under special protection. Those still found in the land without legitimate reasons are to refrain from actions that would be in violation of the law or should expect to have their merchandise confiscated.
5. Source	Stern, Selma: Der Preussische Staat und die Juden, Vol. 1. (The Prussian State and the Jews) (1962) p. 69, Berliner Staats Archiv R64 n 178 a., Accessed online.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	May 21, 1671
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Edict Number 12 issued by Duke Fredrick William
3. Geography of Act	Prussia
4. Text of Act	We, Friedrich Wilhelm by the grace of God, ... take 50 Jewish families under special protection and do so under the following conditions. […] 2) Jews are allowed to settle and trade anywhere in the country ... but should there be any criminal activities amount them, then those are to be reported to us immediately by the cities magistrate. 6) They are not allowed to have a Synagogue, but they are welcomed to get together in their homes and follow their prayers and ceremonies; however, without causing the Christians any offense. They are to remain from gossiping and blasphemy lest face severe punishment... 7) They are to behave honorably and maintain peace, but mostly, they are to make sure that none of the good coins are not taken out of the country and bad coins are brought back in; furthermore, they are not to take gold or silver payment methods (Pagamenten) to other territories ... and that those who try are to be stopped immediately and [the coins are to be] confiscated.
5. Source	Stern, Selma: Der Preussische Staat und die Juden, (The Prussian State and the Jews) Erster Teil; Zweite Abteilung: Akten (1962) p. 13 ff
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Sep. 6, 1671
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Rescript” addressed to the Secret Council of Cologne by the [river] Spree
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	For the time being, only two Jews may settle in Berlin. […] Even though, We recall that We have graciously ordered that protection letters be granted to 10 Jews to settle in Our resident-cities Berlin and Cologne […] We now want to limit these to only two Jews for the time being for certain reasons […]
5. Source	Stern, Selma: Der Preußische Staat und die Juden. Erster Teil/Die Zeit des Großen Kurfürsten und Friedrichs I. Zweite Abteilung: Akten. (The Prussian state and the Jews. First Part / The time of the Grand Prince-Elector and Friedrich I. Second division: Files/Documents.); (Tübingen; 1962);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher Even though this writ is not signed, it was very likely issued by Maximilian Henry of Bavaria.

1. Full Date of Act	Nov. 12, 1671
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Rescript” issued by Prince-Elector (‘Kurfürst’) Johann Philipp von Schönborn
3. Geography of Act	Electorate of Mainz; Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Since we […] cannot help but notice and perceive that the accursed [co]habitation of Jews among Christians is occasionally annoying (‘hin und wieder sehr ärgerlich ist’), and that it causes inconveniences and in-opportunities (‘ungelegenheiten’) [and since] this is not permitted in any other place where Jews live among Christians […] and so too, we wish to order and instruct our authorities to prevent such ruinous harms and disadvantages and to discontinue/stop ('abstellen’) this annoying and damaging living-arrangements of Jews among Christians […].
5. Source	Diplomatische Geschichte der Juden zu Mainz und dessen Umgebung, mit Berücksichtigung ihres Rechtszustandes in den verschiedenen Epochen. Aus größtenteils ungedruckten Urkunden bearbeitet von K. A. Schaab, b. R. Dr., Vicepräsidenten des vormaligen Großh. Kreisgerichts zu Mainz, Ritter des Großh. Hess. Ludewigsordens 1r Klasse, (“Diplomatic History of Jews in Mainz and its Surroundings with special attention to their legal status in the various eras. From mostly unprinted/unpublished official documents edited by K[arl] A[nton] Schaab, b R. PhD., Vice-President of the former Grand Ducal District Court of Mainz, Knight of the Grand Ducal Hessian Order of Louis, 1st class.”); (Mainz; 1855)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher This Rescript also known as "Ordinance of Hadamar" (‘Hadmar’sche Verordnung’) contains 17 sections and is several pages long; it has been abbreviated to fit the allocated space. The entire original text can be found in the cited source.

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 11, 1673
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Royal Decision” (“Hofbescheid”) issued by the Royal Court
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Czech Republic
4. Text of Act	[…] the 'fiscus' (royal treasury) is to inquire diligently […] and to remove/expel Jews according to the parliament resolution ('Landtagsschlusse') of 1650. […]
5. Source	Scari, von Hieronymus: Systematische Darstellung der in Betreff der Juden in Mähren und in k. k. Antheile Schlesiens Erlassene Gesetze und Verordnungen; (Brünn; 1835); (“Systematic Representation in Regards to the Jews of Moravia and the Laws and Ordinances Issued in the Imperial and Royal[ly Owned] Parts of Silesia”);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Feb. 23, 1673
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Decree” by the Cathedral Dom-Provost
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg
4. Text of Act	We, Cathedral provost (‘Dombprobst’) […] of the great Cathedral chapter (‘Dombstifts’) of Würzburg […] order all and every senior official and lower official in Our Stift* herewith in all earnestness […] that the protection[-permits] given to all Jews and Jewess in our Stift […] are void and that they (Jews) are to leave [the domain] within a year and to find accommodation (a place to stay) elsewhere […]
5. Source	Thesavrvs Ivris Franconic, Oder Sammlung theils gedruckter theils ungedruckter Abhandlungen, Dissertationen, Programmen, Gutachten, Gesätze, Urkunden, usw. welches das Fränkische und besonders hochfürstliche Wirzburgische Geistliche, Weltliche, Bürgerliche, Peinliche, Polizey- und Kammerrecht erläutern usw. Des Zweyten Abschnittes eilftes Heft. (Wirzburg; 1789); (Thesaurus/Catalogue of Franconia. Or collection of partly printed, partly unprinted treatises, dissertations, programs, expert reports, laws, and legal documents, etc. which explain church-, secular-, civil-, penal-, police-, and chamber-laws in Franconia, and especially in the Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg. The second part of the eighteenth booklet.); (Würzburg; 1789);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher *A Stift was an independent territories within the Holy Roman Empire.

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 28, 1673
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Patent” of Leopold I
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Austria
4. Text of Act	[…] 1) Jews coming to/attending the annual markets (‘Jahrmärkte’) may not stay longer than the duration (start to end) of these [annual markets]; 2) A Jew is to be responsible for the action/doings of another [Jew] and the reprisals may be used against these [Jews] without distinction […] 3) No Jew who does not hold a special permit/privilege, may be allowed to sell [anything] by length or weight (‘nach Ellen und Gewicht’), but only items [per piece] (‘Stückweise’) as a whole ‘in grosso’ (wholesale).
5. Source	Beyträge zur Politischen Gesetzeskunde im österreichischen Kaiserstaate. Herausgegeben von Johann Ludwig Ehrenreich (Graf von Barth-Barthenheim); Erster Band. (Wien; 1821) (Contributions to the Political Jurisprudence in the Austrian Imperial State. Volume I; Edited/Published by Johann Ludwig Ehrenreich (Count of Barth-Barthenheim); (Vienna; 1821)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 6, 1674
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Decree Regarding Liability for Recently Picked-Up Jews" issued Duke Fredrick William of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Prussia
4. Text of Act	No new Jews is to be accepted or 'offered protected' in the land, except with the attestation of all Jews already living in the country; however, in case a Jew who was vouched for by the community turned out to be dishonest or found to be involved in mischief, all Jews [in the community] who had vouched for them are to be held accountable as well.
5. Source	Stern, Selma: Der Preussische Staat und die Juden, Vol. 1. (The Prussian State and the Jews) (1962) p. 40, Berliner Staats Archive R 21- 207 b 2 a, Accessed online.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 1675
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Rescript to the Secret Council of Cologne" issued by Duke Fredrick William of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Prussia [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	"Jews are allowed to remain in the country in return for a cash payment of at least 4000 Reichstaler. Those who refuse to make the payment are to leave the country within 6 days."
5. Source	Stern, Selma: Der Preussische Staat und die Juden, Vol. 1. (The Prussian State and the Jews), (1962) p. 42, Berliner Staats Archive R 21- 203, Accessed online.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 29, 1676
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Order” issued by Archbishop and Elector Damian Hartard [von der Layen-Hohengeroldseck]
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Electorate of Mainz
4. Text of Act	[…] Jews are to be required, when exporting/moving endowments/dowries (‘Dotibus’) outside of the [domain of the] Electorate/Arch-Stift to properly submit the 10th penny [a tenth in the form of taxes …]
5. Source	Friedrich Johann Bodmann’s inneres Territorialverhältnis des Abzugs- und Nachsteuerrechts in Deutschland überhaupt, und im Erzstifte Mainz insbesondere. (Friedrich Johann Bodmann’s inter-territorial relationship regarding the departure- and resettlement-tax laws in Germany, and especially in the Arch-Stift of Mainz); (Mainz; 1791);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 30, 1676
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Decree” issued by John III [Sobieski] for Posen
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Poland
4. Text of Act	[…] Jews are to pay together 5000 Gulden once, plus each person is to pay one Gulden; children under the age of ten are exempt.
5. Source	Perles, J.: Geschichte der Juden in Posen. (Breslau; 1865); (History of Jews in Posen.) (Wroclaw; 1865);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 26, 1676
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Order of John George II, Elector of Saxony, to examine the escort papers of Jews whether they have kept to the designated roads”
3. Geography of Act	Electorate of Saxony; Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	[We] John George, the other, [Prince-]Elector of Saxony by the grace of God […] have noticed that Jews, who are arriving in Leipzig from Bohemia, Austria, Moravia, Poland, Silesia […] are straying from the common (country) roads which they are required to remain on according to old contracts/mandates and [that they] deviate to smaller roads and secret paths in order to circumvent the common escort[-fee] […] That is why We order you herewith, that you check the escort-papers [of Jews] at the Leipziger fairs to ensure that they have kept to the common roads and have paid the proper escort-fees [violators are to be required to pay the required fees and given a warning …] and a register of these criminals is to be sent to Us each time […].
5. Source	Lünig: Johann Christian: Des Codicis Augustei, oder Neuvermehrten Corporis Juris Saxonici. Anderer Band. (Codex of Augustus, or newly augmented legal code of Saxony. The other volume.)
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 12, 1677
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Order” issued by Archbishop and Elector Damian Hartard [von der Layen-Hohengeroldseck]
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Electorate of Mainz
4. Text of Act	[…] Jews, who refuse to submit the after/export-tax (‘Nachsteuer’)* on endowments/dowries (‘Dotibus’) are to be advised that they are to lose their protection[-permits] ipso facto […]
5. Source	Friedrich Johann Bodmann’s inneres Territorialverhältnis des Abzugs- und Nachsteuerrechts in Deutschland überhaupt, und im Erzstifte Mainz insbesondere. (Friedrich Johann Bodmann’s inter-territorial relationship regarding the departure- and resettlement-tax laws in Germany, and especially in the Arch-Stift of Mainz); (Mainz; 1791);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher *A Nachsteuer was a form of taxation placed on assets/wealth which were taken out of the domain.

1. Full Date of Act	May 6, 1678
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Expulsion of all Jews from Eastern Pomerania" issued by Duke Fredrick William of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Prussia
4. Text of Act	... all Jews both in the cities and on the country side are ordered to leave Eastern Pomerania within 14 days of issuance of this ordinance or avoid expulsion; they are no longer to be tolerated in any part of the Duchy.
5. Source	Stern, Selma: Der Preussische Staat und die Juden, Vol. 1. (The Prussian State and the Jews) (1962) p. 135, Ausfertigung Stettinischer Staats Archiv P. 1. Tit. 99. Nr. 154 und Conc. Berliner Staats Archiv R 30-212.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 26, 1678
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Ordinance” issued by the Archbishop Elector Maximilian Henry of Bavaria
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Archbishopric of Cologne
4. Text of Act	[…] Jews are prohibited to trade with iron.
5. Source	Die Provinzial- und statutarischen Rechte in der preußischen Monarchie. Dargestellt vom wirklichen Geheimen Rath von Kamptz. Zweiter Theil. Die Provinzen: Pommern und Westphalen. (The provincial and legal statutes of the Prussian monarchie. Presented by the true secret council von Kamptz. Second Volume. The provinces: Pomerania and Westphalia.); (Berlin; 1827);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 27, 1678
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Declaration” of Archbishop and Elector Damian Hartard [von der Layen-Hohengeroldseck]
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Electorate of Mainz
4. Text of Act	[…] the previous Generale [common law] is only to be applied to endowments/dowries after the Jewish after/export-tax was made public and not to those [that were exported/moved outside of the domain] before the aforementioned Generale was issued.
5. Source	Friedrich Johann Bodmann’s inneres Territorialverhältnis des Abzugs- und Nachsteuerrechts in Deutschland überhaupt, und im Erzstifte Mainz insbesondere. (Friedrich Johann Bodmann’s inter-territorial relationship regarding the departure- and resettlement-tax laws in Germany, and especially in the Arch-Stift of Mainz); (Mainz; 1791);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1679
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Establishment of a Ghetto for Jews” issued by Duke Victor Amadeus II of Savory
3. Geography of Act	Duchy of Savoy
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) In Turin, the ghetto system of segregation was established for Jews. Morgan, Howard: So Deeply Scarred: A History of “Christian” Anti-Semitism (2016)
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Sep. 17, 1679
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Ordinance Against Jews Who Do Not Pay Their Annual Protection Money" issued by Duke Fredrick William of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Duchy of Prussia
4. Text of Act	Jews who are neglecting to make the annual payment for 'protection' [Schutzgelder] on the very first day of the issuance of an edict lose their privileges immediately and will no longer be tolerated in the country.
5. Source	Stern, Selma: Der Preussische Staat und die Juden, Vol. 1. (The Prussian State and the Jews) (1962) p. 48, Berliner Staats Archiv R21-203, Accessed online.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Dec. 10, 1679
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Announcement of the City Council of [Bad] Wimpfen
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Imperial City of Wimpfen/Holy Roman Empire
4. Text of Act	[…] because [the Jews] harbored fugitives during the 30-year war, and now that peace has returned, they shall leave the city after Christmas and find accommodations somewhere else.
5. Source	Körner, Th: Die Geschichte der Stadt Wimpfen. (History of the City of Wimpfen); (Heilbronn; 1846);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Dec. 20, 1679
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Tax Ordinance, issued by Eberhard Louis, Duke of Württemberg
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Whereas the Jews, time and again, in the country but also near the border, carry on their trade in gold and silver, as well as their usury, any such Jew shall pay thirty kreuzers for each day he trades in a given town, and an additional four kreuzers for each guilder he takes in; to that end, the town’s officer, to whom the Jew is required to report his presence, shall notify the tax collector, as well as assign someone to the Jew, at the Jew’s expense, to verify the total amount of the sales.
5. Source	Mayer, F.F. (ed.). Sammlung der württembergischen Gesetze in Betreff der Israeliten (Collection of Württembergian Laws Regarding the Israelites). Fues: Tübingen, 1847. Page 2.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Feb. 21, 1680
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Rescript to the Bailiff of Lonicerus" issued by Duke Frederick I of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Duchy of Prussia
4. Text of Act	Lonicerus is prohibited from allowing Jews to trade with their foreign counterparts as long as the plague sweeps through Bohemia and other countries. No Jew is allowed to travel to any area under suspicion. Jews who reside in Berlin from infected places are to report [to the authorities] immediately. Those who refuse are to lose their privileges and to be removed from the country. Unprotected Jews are to leave the city and country within two days [of the edict].
5. Source	Stern, Selma: Der Preussische Staat und die Juden, Vol. 1. (The Prussian State and the Jews) (1962) p. 49-50, Berliner Staats Archiv R 21-207 a 2 b, Accessed online.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	May 18, 1680
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Recopilacion de las Indias” (Compilation of the Indies) issued by King Carlos II
3. Geography of Act	Spanish East Indies
4. Text of Act	Jewish converts are not to enter the Indies without the expressed permission of the King.
5. Source	Louisiana Law Review; Volume 56, Number 2; Palmer, Vernon Valentine: The Origins of Authors of the Code Noir.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 3, 1680
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Rescript Addressed to the Bailiff and Civil Servants of Sparenberg" issued by Duke Fredrick William of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Prussia
4. Text of Act	In response to a complaint filed by the mayor and council of Herford, it is commanded that Jews are no longer allowed to reside in Herford without special permission. Jews are not allowed to work as butchers and are only allowed to sell cuts of meats which they are not allowed to consume according to their own [religious] laws.
5. Source	Stern, Selma: Der Preussische Staat und die Juden, Vol. 1. (The Prussian State and the Jews) (1962) p. 71, Berliner Staats Archiv R 34 Page 98 f.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 16, 1681
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decree, issued by Christian V, King of Denmark and Norway
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Denmark, Norway
4. Text of Act	Henceforth, no Jew without Our Letter of Safe Conduct shall dare to enter Our realms, and those who may already be here shall no longer stay, but leave before two weeks after the publication of this regulation, under penalty of one thousand imperial thalers.
5. Source	Cohen, Asser Daniel. De Mosaiske troesbekjenderes stilling i Danmark forhen og nu: historisk fremstillet i et tidsløb af naesten 200 aar, tilligemed alle lovsteder og offentlige foranstaltninger dem angaande, som ere udkomne fra 1651 til 1836. (The position of the Mosaic believers in Denmark, before and now: historically produced over a period of nearly 200 years, as well as all laws and public measures relating to the same which were published from 1651 to 1836). Forfatterens: Odense (Denmark), 1837. Page 26.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 26, 1681
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Order” issued by Prince-Bishop Peter Philipp von Dernbach
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg
4. Text of Act	[…] beef and other kinds of meat which are sold and cut by Jews are to be inspected first to see if it’s good […] in adverse cases, where such [meat] is found to be unclean/impure, it (the meat) is to be taken and thrown away.
5. Source	Wirzburgische Chronik derer lezteren Zeiten von P. Ignacio Gropp. (Wirzburg; 1750); (Chronicle of Würzburg’s past by P. Ignacio Gropp.); (Würzburg; 1750);
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None