Acts – Page 69 – OAJA.org

1. Full Date of Act	Feb. 13, 1699
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“General Ordinance” issued by Friedrich Wilhelm Karl von Schmettau and addressed to all governmental agencies in the Electorate of Brandenburg
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Electorate of Brandenburg
4. Text of Act	Friedrich the third, Margrave of Brandenburg by the grace of God […] do no longer wish to permit Jews to acquire houses and real-estate in our lands in whatever manner it may be without our explicit permission […] and order you herewith graciously and earnestly […] that our wish is heeded obediently […]
5. Source	Anhang des Corporis Constitutionum Marchicarum Fünfften Theils. Zweyten Abtheilung. Cap. X. hält in sich Die General-Privilegia und Gulde-Briefe derer in the Chur und Mark Brandenburg bis- und jenes der Oder und Elbe befindlichen Zünfte und Handwerke, wie schon nach dem 16. August 1731 emanirten und in der Chur und Mark Brandenburg unsre dem 6. August 1732. publicirten Reichs-Constitution, mit Aufhebung derer alten Innungs-Briefe neu abgestattet und nach Ordnung der Zeit, wie sie publiciret sind, hier zusammen gedruckt worden. Kaiserliche Kurfürstliche Hofbibliothek. (Supplement to the Constitution of the Margraviate. Fifth part. Twentieth section. Chapter X. contains the general-privileges and the letters/orders of the guilds in the Electorate and Margraviate of Brandenburg covering all [local craftsmen] guilds [located] all the way to the Oder and Elbe as it was issued as per August 16, 1731, in the electorate and margrave of Brandenburg and published along with the state constitution of August 6, 1732, they are listed and printed here in chronological order as they were published after the abolishment of the old guild letters/orders. [From the] Imperial-Electoral Court Library.);
6. Researcher	None
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8. Notes	Researcher Friedrich Wilhelm Karl von Schmettau was a Prussian Lieutenant General.

1. Full Date of Act	Feb. 20, 1699
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Ordinance” issued by the Farther-Pomeranian government
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Poland; Province of Pomerania
4. Text of Act	As per the rescript issued on the 13th of this month, Jews shall not acquire homes and property in His Highness, the [Prince-]Elector’s domains without His special permission/concession, which They do not intend to grant, except under very significant circumstances/cases […].
5. Source	David Friedrich Quickmannen, Justiz-Burgemeisters zu Treptow an der Rega - Ordnung oder Samlung derer in dem königlichen preußischen Herzogtum Pommern und Fürstentum Camin, bis zu Ende des 1747sten Jahres, publicirten Edicten, Mandaten und Rescripten, in Justiz-Policey- Militair- Lehn- Forst- Post- Zoll- Accise, Steuer- Manufactur- und Oeconomie-Sachen etc. (Frankfurt an der Oder; 1750); (David Friedrich Quickmannen, judiciary mayor of Trzebiatów - Listing or collection of all edicts, mandates, and rescripts pertaining to matters related to law, police, military, loan, forestry, post, customs, tolls, taxes, manufacturing and economy issued in the royal Prussian Duchy in Pomerania and Principality/Bishopric of Cammin until the end of the year 1747.): (Frankfurt (Oder); 1750);
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7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Researcher The document is signed by ‘von Ramel’ and ‘Schröder.’ Von Ramel was a Pomeranian nobility.

1. Full Date of Act	May 13, 1699
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Restrictions on the sale and storage of goods by the Jewish community.
3. Geography of Act	Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg
4. Text of Act	Jews, who are not prevented from selling goods in their houses, as well as ordering or collecting them themselves, are not allowed to keep any storage space, nor are they allowed to peddle goods in public or outside of the fair period.
5. Source	"Sammlung der Hochfürstlich-Wirzburgischen Landesverordnungen [Collection of the High Princely Würzburg State Ordinances]," Part 1, Franz Sebastian Sartorius, Wurzburg, 1776, pp. 480-482, available from archive.org.
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Translator The text of this Act is available in German in the source above. It was translated using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 6, 1699
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Order of the Sovereign-Prince” issued by Prince-Bishop Johann Philipp von Greifenclau zu Vollraths
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg
4. Text of Act	[…] foreign Jews are prohibited to peddle with lemons and bitter oranges and such items whether it may be during or outside of the fairs and annual markets […] and they may only have proper shops/stalls in a particular area.
5. Source	Wirzburgische Chronik derer lezteren Zeiten von P. Ignacio Gropp. (Wirzburg; 1750); (Chronicle of Würzburg’s past by P. Ignacio Gropp.); (Würzburg; 1750);
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8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 19, 1699
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decree prohibiting Jewish participation in the leather trade.
3. Geography of Act	Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg
4. Text of Act	We hereby decree and order that, from now on, no … bunglers, scoundrels or Jews, shall peddle leather in our towns, markets, and villages, nor shall they sell it outside of the fairs, nor shall they take the leather to the innkeepers or other shops.
5. Source	"Sammlung der Hochfürstlich-Wirzburgischen Landesverordnungen [Collection of the High Princely Würzburg State Ordinances]," Part 1, Franz Sebastian Sartorius, Wurzburg, 1776, pp. 483-484, available from archive.org.
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8. Notes	Researcher A similar restriction was previously enforced under a decree published on March 4, 1660. See the above source, pp. 255-256. Translator The text of this Act is available in German in the source above. It was translated using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 18, 1699
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Sales Tax Ordinance, issued by Eberhard Louis, Duke of Württemberg
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Art. II -- Jews who trade in jewelry, gold and silver, shall make daily payments of 45 kreutzers for each guilder received, in addition to a flat minimum tax of 2 kreutzers per day.
5. Source	Reyscher, August Ludwig (ed.). Vollständige, historisch und kritisch bearbeitete Sammlung der württembergischen Gesetze (Complete, Historically and Critically Edited Collection of Wurttemberg Laws). Vol. 17. Fues: Tübingen, 1839. Page 312.
6. Researcher	None
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8. Notes	Researcher Non-Jewish merchants, according to the same ordinance, only paid 4 kreutzers per guilder for the same types of merchandise, and no minimum tax.

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 29, 1699
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“’Cooking/Fermentation Kitchens’ and unlawful presence of Jews in Vienna” decree issued on behalf of the Kaiser to the Lower-Austrian government
3. Geography of Act	Lower-Austria; Present-day Austria
4. Text of Act	From His R. M., also to Hungary and Bohemia […] and Archduke of Austria […] it is said to occur that Jews have 'cooking/fermentation' kitchens (Garkuchel) – one in Ofenloch* and some outside of the city and that they are present here without the gracious consent […] that is why H. R. M. orders the government that the 'cooking/fermentation' kitchens are to be ceased and that Jews without a Passport are to be expelled and those who return receive corporal punishment.
5. Source	Braumüller, Wilhelm: Urkunden und Akten zur Geschichte der Juden in Wien. Erste Abteilung. Allgemeiner Teil 1526-1847. Erster Band. (Wien) 1918; p. 266.
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8. Notes	Researcher “Ofenloch” (sometimes also known as “Ofenlucke”) is today’s famous “Kleeblattgasse” in the heart of Vienna.

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 22, 1699
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Jews at Ofen,” edict issued by Emperor Leopold I, Archduke of Austria
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Austria
4. Text of Act	His Imperial Majesty hereby most mercifully resolves with the afore-mentioned, righteous motives, regarding public law as well as faith, but also based on precedence, and damages inflicted upon the citizens of Ofen, […] that the Jewry of Ofen shall no longer be allowed residence there, nor stabiliment.
5. Source	von Guarint, Frantz Anton (ed.). Codex Austriacus: Zu Gemeinsamen Nutzen mit besondern Fleiß zusammen getragen Und das Erstemahl in Druck gelassen, Volume 1. Voigt & Koll: Vienna, 1704. P. 564.
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8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Sep. 11, 1699
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Official Mandate” of the Highest Court Marshal (“Obersthofmarschall”)
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Austria
4. Text of Act	[…] the Jews Oppenheimer and Wertheimer are given permission to retain/employ (‘bey sich halten’) those Jews whom they need for their factories as per the privilege (‘Privilegiums’) granted [to them] by his most-gracious [majesty], however, they are to name/list them (their names) precisely, and in order to avoid repeated inquiry/checking, [they are] to turn in these directories to the court immediately, so that others (Jews) who often sneak in, do not use them as an excuse, but can be removed according to the existing ordinance. […]
5. Source	Beyträge zur Politischen Gesetzeskunde im österreichischen Kaiserstaate. Herausgegeben von Johann Ludwig Ehrenreich (Graf von Barth-Barthenheim); Erster Band. (Wien; 1821) (Contributions to the Political Jurisprudence in the Austrian Imperial State. Volume I; Edited/Published by Johann Ludwig Ehrenreich (Count of Barth-Barthenheim); (Vienna; 1821)
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8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 18, 1699
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Regarding the Contracts of Jews” issued on behalf of Prince-Bishop Johann Philipp (von Greifenclau zu Vollraths)
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg
4. Text of Act	By the grace of God, Johann Philipp, Bishop of Würzburg, Duke of Franconia […] Our greetings first, dear loyal [subjects]! [Since it has come to our attention that] numerous Jews are entering into unlawful and usurious contracts which are to their advantage and cause a lot of harm and ruin […] and since we wish to remedy this situation, that is why we graciously order herewith, that you examine the contracts of each and every one of our subjects who owe our local as well as foreign Jews [and the terms …] especially in regards to loans made on wine, grains, and cattle […] and to submit a written report to us […] within 14 days […] and to arrest those Jews [who have drafted/entered such usurious contracts…].
5. Source	Thesavrvs Ivris Franconic, Oder Sammlung theils gedruckter theils ungedruckter Abhandlungen, Dissertationen, Programmen, Gutachten, Gesätze, Urkunden, usw. welches das Fränkische und besonders hochfürstliche Wirzburgische Geistliche, Weltliche, Bürgerliche, Peinliche, Polizey- und Kammerrecht erläutern usw. Des Zweyten Abschnittes eilftes Heft. (Wirzburg; 1789); (Thesaurus/Catalogue of Franconia. Or a collection of partly printed, partly unprinted treatises, dissertations, programs, expert reports, laws, and legal documents, etc. which explain church-, secular-, civil-, penal-, police-, and chamber-laws in Franconia, and especially in the Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg. The second part of the eighteenth booklet.); (Würzburg; 1789);
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8. Notes	Researcher The order is signed by J. L. Adelmann, Chancellor, Tobias Reibelt, Georg Andr. Schaeffner.

1. Full Date of Act	Nov. 20, 1699
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of the High-Consistory
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	[…] The blasphemous religious practice of Jews cannot be tolerated in good conscience by the local Christian authorities. The Jews practice hideous idolatry and blasphemy, and if one allows them to do this, God’s great wrath and punishment may be on us. They bring great harm by taking advantage of the people, through excessive usury, and with bad trade and business [practices]. […] Any authority/government, who permits/admits Jews will stand in judgment before Christ [one day] and must help bear the guilt. Religious services of Jews cause turmoil in Christians who are exposed to it/attend it. That is why the Jews should not be allowed to practice their religious services publicly or secretly.
5. Source	Lehmann, Emil: Der polnische Resident Berend Lehmann, der Stammvater der israelitischen Religionsgemeinde zu Dresden. Von seinem Ur- Ur- Urenkel. (E. Pierson) Dresden 1885. Abgedruckt in: Emil Lehmann, Gesammelte Schriften. (The Polish resident Berend Lehmann, the progenitor of the Israeli religious community in Dresden. From his great-great-great-grandson. (E. Pierson); (Dresden; 1885). Printed in Emil Ehemann, Collected Writings);
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8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Dec. 30, 1699
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Prohibition” issued by Prince-Bishop Johann Philipp von Greifenclau zu Vollraths
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg
4. Text of Act	[…] Furthermore, Jews are prohibited to come to the city [of Würzburg], and its markets or villages in the countryside […] or to stay overnight in these […] or to appear in alleys and streets during a public procession.
5. Source	Wirzburgische Chronik derer lezteren Zeiten von P. Ignacio Gropp. (Wirzburg; 1750); (Chronicle of Würzburg’s past by P. Ignacio Gropp.) (Würzburg; 1750);
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1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 24, 1700
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Ordinance regarding the Jews in the territories (‘Residentzien’) covering a number of points” issued by Johann Kasimir Kolbe von Wartenberg on behalf of Frederick I of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Duchy of Prussia
4. Text of Act	[…] Since previous ordinances have gone unheeded, it would be within our right to fine the entire Jewry with a hefty fee and then to expel them entirely from all of our territories (‘Residentzien’) […] however, in order not to give them the least cause to complain, we will show mercy and spare them the expulsion from our principalities […] but order herewith that each of the protected [Jewish] families are to pay twice the protection-fee (‘Schutzgeld’) […] the unprotected families are to pay twice the protection-fee and still be removed from the land if they do not have a protection-permit. […]
5. Source	Des Corporis Constitutionum Marchicarum, Fünffter Theil. Von Polizey-Hochzeit-Kindtauffen-Begräbniß und Trauer- Kleider- auch Feuer-Gassen und anderen zur Polizei gehörigen Ordnungen, deren Städte Anbau, Manufacturen- Commercien- Woll- und Handwercks-Sachen, Dorff- und Acker- Bauer- Schäffer- Hirten- Gesinde-Ordnungen, und andren das Land-Wesen und Acker-Bau betreffenden Materien, item von Medicinal-Ordnungen, Chirurgis, Apotheckern, Pest-Anstalten, Vieh-Sterben. Scharffrichtern, Abdeckern, Schweinschneidern, Landstreichern, Zigeunern, Juden, Wirths-Häusern, und dergleichen. In Fünff Abtheilungen. (“Regarding the constitution of margraviate. Fifth part. Pertaining to police, marriage, baptism, funeral, mourning, clothing as well as fire-alley and other police ordinances, of city planning/building, manufacturing, commerce, wool, and other craftsmanships, village, farm and famers and shepherds, herdsmen, servant ordinances, and other matters pertaining to land-ownership and farming, as well as medical ordinances, surgery, apothecary, plague-institutions, and dying of cattle. Executioners/slaughterers. skinners, pork-cutters, tramps, gypsies, Jews, Inns/Taverns and the like. In five divisions.”)
6. Researcher	None
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8. Notes	Researcher The above ordinance contains several points and can be found in its entirety in the cited source. Johann Kasmir Kolbe von Wartenberg was Minister-President/Prime Minister of Prussia.

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 28, 1700
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Declaration on the trade and commerce of the Jewish community, issued by Johann Phikipp, Bishop of Würzburg
3. Geography of Act	Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg
4. Text of Act	No Jew is permitted to store large quantities of unkosher wine or spirits in the cellar and to trade with them without a special permit … As far as the melting and misappropriation of old silver is concerned,… no Jew should dare to transfer the silver, whether made or unmade, to another place without prior notification and permission from our Chamber.
5. Source	"Sammlung der Hochfürstlich-Wirzburgischen Landesverordnungen [Collection of the High Princely Würzburg State Ordinances]," Part 1, Franz Sebastian Sartorius, Wurzburg, 1776, pp. 491-493, available from archive.org.
6. Researcher	None
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8. Notes	Translator The text of this Act is available in German in the source above. It was translated using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	May 8, 1700
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Ordinance” issued by the Prince-Bishopric
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Prince-Bishopric of Bamberg
4. Text of Act	[…] Jews are prohibited from trading with fat cattle (‘Fettvieh’). […]
5. Source	Eckstein, Adolf (District Rabbi): Geschichte der Juden im ehemaligen Fürstbistum Bamberg, bearbeitet auf Grund von Archivalien, nebst urkundlichen Beilagen, (History of the Jews in the Former Prince-Bishopric of Bamberg, edited on the basis of archiving, together with documented supplement’); (Bamberg; 1898)
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8. Notes	Researcher This prohibition was issued and revoked several times throughout history in the Prince-Bishopric of Bamberg. It was repeated on October 11 and 31, 1712. The cattle trade was permitted on June 8, 1713, prohibited on October 24, 1748 and September 15, 1771; permitted on October 10, 1771, prohibited on May 19, 1795 and then again on March 15, 1796.

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 28, 1700
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Jewish Ordinance of the Electorate of Cologne” (‘kurcöllnische Judenordnung’) issued by Joseph Clements, Archbishop of Cologne
3. Geography of Act	Electorate of Cologne; Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	We, Joseph Clements, by the grace of God, Archbishop of Cologne and Arch-Chancellor of the Holy Roman Empire […] announce and let it be known that […] foremost, no Jew or Jewess may settle down or stay in Our Arch-Stift* without an escort-permit if they want to avoid serious corporal punishment or losing their possessions. Escort[-permit]s shall be issued only by Us and Our Court-Chamber and have Our seal […] No Jew is to be given an escort[-permit] to settle in Our cities if they do not have at least one thousand Thaler in assets, and six hundred Cologne Thaler [if they want] to settle in villages, which they must be able to prove […]
5. Source	Von der Ausgrenzung zur Integration. Judenordnungen in Rheinland. Bearbeitet von Norbert Flörken. (From exclusion to integration. Jewish-ordinances in the Rhineland. Edited by Norbert Flörken.)
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8. Notes	Researcher A *Stift was an independent territory within the Holy Roman Empire. The above Jewish-ordinance is several pages long and has been abbreviated to fit the allocated space. It can be found in its entirely in the cited source.

1. Full Date of Act	Dec. 7, 1700
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Edict issued by Friedrich III, Duke of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	[…] Whereas a 1696 patent already gave the Jews permission to have general stores and bodegas, this permission is upheld inasmuch as no Jew shall have any general stores or bodegas except for those he already had in 1690, or any for which special permission has been given; however, those Jews who trade in used and pawned clothing, shall divest themselves completely of these wares within four weeks from today, and, under penalty of confiscation, shall refrain from any further buying or selling thereof.
5. Source	Mylius, Christian Otto (ed.). Corpus Constitutionum Marchicarum, Oder Königl. Preußis. und Churfürstl. Brandenburgische in der Chur- und Marck Brandenburg, auch incorporirten Landen publicirte und ergangene Ordnungen, Edicta, Mandata, Rescripta etc. (Collected Laws of the Mark, or Royal Prussian and Prince-Electoral Brandenburgian Ordinances, Edicts, Mandates, Rescripts etc., Published and Ordained in the Electorate and Mark Brandenburg, as well as Incorporated Lands). Buchladen des Waysenhauses: Berlin, 1737. Vol. 2, Col. 135.
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8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	May 23, 1701
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Rescript to the Privy Council of Schmettau" issued by King of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Prussia
4. Text of Act	Every Jew is to pay 10th of each of one hundred of his wealth [to the kingdom].
5. Source	Stern, Selma: Der Preussische Staat und die Juden: Vol 1. (The Prussian State and the Jews) (1962) p. 232, Ausf. gez. Wartenberg; Berliner Staats Archiv R 21-203. Accessed online.
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8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 10, 1701
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Writ” of the City Administration of Halle
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	The prohibition for Jews to purchase property/land in Halle remains effective.
5. Source	Kisch, Guido: Rechts- und Sozialgeschichte der Juden in Halle 1686-1730. (Legal and social history of Jews in Halle from 1686-1730); (Berlin; 1970);
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1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 14, 1701
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Rescript” issued by the Magistrate of Magdeburg
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	[…] the government is determined not to protect (issue protection permits to) Jews in places where there weren’t any before, much less in the city of Magdeburg, because it contravenes the privileges of the city and legal guilds and other constitutions.
5. Source	Stern, Selma: Der Preussische Staat und die Juden; Erster Teil/Die Zeit des Großen Kurfürsten und Friedrichs I; Zweite Abteilung: Akten (The Prussian State and the Jews. Part One/The Period of the Great Prince-Elector and Frederick I); (Tübingen; 1962);
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8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 31, 1701
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Edict (‘Edictum’) issued by the local authorities of Brunswick-Lüneburg"
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg
4. Text of Act	[…] Jews are not to be permitted to go peddling in cities with cloth and fabrics outside of the annual markets or on the countryside [entirely].
5. Source	Chur-Braunschweig-Lüneburgische Landes-Ordnung und Gesetze, und zwar Capvt Tertivm worinn enthalten bis das Militar - Wesen angehende Verordnungen. Zum Gebrauch der Fürstenthümer, Graf- und Herrschaften Calenbergischen Theils. (Local/land ordinances and laws of the [Elector]-Principality of Brunswick-Lüneburg, namely the third part, which contain the ordinances that pertain to the military. For the use of the principalities, counties and lordships of Calenberg.) (Göttingen; 1740);
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1. Full Date of Act	1702
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Act to oblige Jews to maintain and provide for their Protestant children
3. Geography of Act	England
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "The object was to assist the conversion of Jews." Langham, Raphael: The Jews in Britain: A chronology, p. 40
5. Source	None
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7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Feb. 24, 1702
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Court Decree” issued by the Imperial Court of Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I
3. Geography of Act	Holy Roman Empire
4. Text of Act	[…] The Jews who live in cities, […], have to identify themselves through certificates to the authorities (‘Obrigkeit’) […] those who live in the countryside to the county office (‘Kreisamt’) […] the Hungarian [Jews] to the county offices (‘Komitate’) and the Galician [Jews] to the authorities (‘Obrigkeit’) also […] [to show] that they are proper merchants who have been logged in.
5. Source	Dr. Johnn Luksche’s, weiland kaiserl. mähr. schles. Appelationsrathes, Besondere Rechte der Personen Mährens Dr. Joh. Luksche’s, weiland kaiserl. mähr. schles. Appelationsrathes, Besondere Rechte der Personen Mährens und Schlesiens, vorzüglich in politischer Hinsicht. Zweiter Band; (Brünn, 1844); (Dr. Joh. Lutsche’s Weiland Imper[ial], Moravia[n], Silesia[n] Council of Appellations, Special Rights of Persons of Moravia and Silesia, especially in political terms. Vol. II); (Brünn; 1844)
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1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 6, 1702
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Prince-Electoral Clarification regarding Edict of October 31, 1701" issued by King George
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany, England, Ireland; Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Hanover)
4. Text of Act	By the grace of God, We, George (‘Georg Ludwig’), Duke of Brunswick and Lüneburg, Prince-Elector (‘Churfürst’) of the Holy Roman Empire […] let is be know herewith [… that the edict of October 31, 1701…] applies to foreign, non-local Kramers and Jews, but also to local Jews who have not received protection from us […]. Magistrates and officers of each place are to pay close attention so that no fraud is committed and that foreign tradesmen or Jews, who are not entitled to trade and to do business in the land do not sneak in and do the aforementioned and trade and do business through peddling on the countryside, specifically, with cloths and fabrics […]
5. Source	XCIII. Chur-und Fürstl. Braunschweig-Lünebürgische Landes Constitutiones und Verordnungen welche in denen vorigen beiden Vouminibus nicht enthalten. (XCIII. State Constitution and ordinances of the Prince-Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg which are not contained in the first two volumes); (Hannover; 1711);
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1. Full Date of Act	May 24, 1702
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Order” issued by Fredrick I and addressed to the government of Magdeburg
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	We have received and have been briefed about protected Jews who loan other citizens large sums of money against their homes […] that is why we no longer wish to permit for the aforementioned Jews to enter into such fraudulent contractual agreements (‘contrakte in frauds legis’) with Christians […] and you are to make this prohibition public with all seriousness and punish those who act against it appropriately. […]
5. Source	Die Juden in Preussischen Staate. Die geschichtliche Darstellung der politischen, bürgerlichen und privatrechtlichen Verhältnisse der Juden in Preußen, nach den verschiedenen Landestheilen, von C. F. Koch, königl. Preuß. Oberlandes-Gerichts-Assessor und Director des Land- und Stadtgerichts zu Culm. (Jews in the Prussian State. The historical presentation/account of the political, civil, and private legal circumstances/standings of Jews in Prussia according to various part of the country, [compiled] by C. F. Koch, royal, Prussian superior court assessor and director of the city and state court of Culm.) Marienwerber; 1833;
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