Acts – Page 73 – OAJA.org

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 13, 1713
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Regulation” issued by the Cathedral-Chapter
3. Geography of Act	Archbishopric of Bamberg; Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	[…] Jews may trade with dehydrated fruit and hops […] however, at the time of purchase, they are to give the local/native citizens and traders the right of way [to purchase these items first…]
5. Source	StadtA Bamberg B4 Nr. 48. Codex Decretorum I. Band 1598-1753, fol. 189.
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2018
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 3, 1713
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Royal High-Administrative Ordinance” (‘königl. Ober-Ambtliche Verordnung’) issued by Francis Louis*
3. Geography of Act	Duchies of Silesia
4. Text of Act	[…] We, Franz Ludwig […] order that it shall be free to anyone to denounce/report (‘denunciren’) Jews without toleration[-permits], who are in the country against current patents (in violation of current laws) […] and that the denouncer is not to be kept a secret, but is to be rewarded with half of the [collected] fine […] This we wish to order you […] herewith [and to make public and to enforce …]
5. Source	Continuation derer käyser- und königlichen Privilegien, Statuen und Sanctionum Pragmaticuarum des Landes Schlesien. Mit allergnädigsterh Käyser- und königl. Bewilligung dem gemeinen Wesen zum Besten zusammen getragen. Dritter Theil. (Breslau; 1728); (Continuation of imperial and royal privileges, statutes, and sanctions of [the land] Silesia. With the most gracious imperial and royal permission assembled to the best of ability for the common good. Third part.) (Wroclaw; 1728)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	Researcher *Francis Louis (‘Franz Ludwig’) of Palatinate-Neuburg was bishop and archbishop of numerous dioceses and prince-elector on the Holy Roman Empire, and Hochmeister/grand-master of the Teutonic Order.

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 13, 1713
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Third Publication of the Remonstrants on the Jews
3. Geography of Act	Netherlands
4. Text of Act	[The mayors and the council of the city of Utrecht] forbid all Jews, Jewesses,… to buy or sell goods, at the risk of being taken by the head, arbitrarily executed, or thrown into the city's workhouse.
5. Source	Jacob Van Poolsum, “Groot Placaatboek Vervattende Alle de Placaten, Ordonnantien en Edicten, der Edele Mogende Heeren Staten’s Lands Van Utrecht [Large Placaatboek Containing All the Placaats, Ordinances and Edicts of the Noble Mighty Lords of the States' Lands of Utrecht],” Volume 3, Utrecht, 1729, p. 466, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher	Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	Translator Text of the Act and Title of the source, translated from Dutch using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Sep. 7, 1713
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decree on the commerce and households of Jews during times of infectious disease.
3. Geography of Act	Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg
4. Text of Act	After having considered the regulations already issued by us to avert and prevent the contagion that has broken out in various parts of the empire, we have also deemed it advisable and beneficial to instruct all Jews living in our territories to keep their households more clean than they have done so far, and in particular we strictly forbid them from engaging in any trade involving foreign wool, feathers, hair, flax, hemp, or old clothes … We hereby graciously order that our officials should check the Jews mentioned above, whether they maintain clean households,… visit them often, [and] if necessary, enforce stricter measures to improve cleanliness, otherwise drive them out of our lands and expel them.
5. Source	"Sammlung der Hochfürstlich-Wirzburgischen Landesverordnungen [Collection of the High Princely Würzburg State Ordinances]," Part 1, Franz Sebastian Sartorius, Wurzburg, 1776, p. 584, available from archive.org.
6. Researcher	Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	Translator The text of this Act is available in German in the source above. It was translated using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Sep. 13, 1713
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decree concerning Jews without protection letters and foreign and traveling Jews.
3. Geography of Act	Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg
4. Text of Act	By this decree, we graciously command that the relatives, schoolmasters, and cantors, even if they do not have a protection pass, but have been in service for a long time, shall remain undisturbed as members of the household and the service staff. As for the foreign Jews who may attempt to enter the principality, our officials must exercise strict supervision. They are forbidden from receiving any foreign Jews without a valid protection pass, under threat of severe consequences. However, we permit the entry of Jews coming from untainted regions, provided they have undergone thorough verification of their passes and been found legitimate. Their stay is to be allowed only for a short duration, no longer than one night and the Sabbath.
5. Source	"Sammlung der Hochfürstlich-Wirzburgischen Landesverordnungen [Collection of the High Princely Würzburg State Ordinances]," Part 1, Franz Sebastian Sartorius, Wurzburg, 1776, p. 585, available from archive.org.
6. Researcher	Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	Translator The text of this Act is available in German in the source above. It was translated using chatgpt.com and Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Sep. 15, 1713
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decree concerning the expulsion of vagrants, beggars and foreign Jews from the Franconian districts.
3. Geography of Act	Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg
4. Text of Act	Within eight days of publication of this, all vagabonds, beggars,… foreign Jews,… and other lordless servants who are not native to or subject to this common Franconian district, whether they have passports or discharges or not, must, without distinction, vacate the Frankish lands and regions and move from there to somewhere else in good faith,… or, failing to do so, must expect a serious and emphatic order that everywhere they are, be it in cities, towns, villages, hamlets or forests, they will be found with armed hands and expelled by force, and if they encounter resistance they will be immediately overthrown or killed.
5. Source	"Sammlung der Hochfürstlich-Wirzburgischen Landesverordnungen [Collection of the High Princely Würzburg State Ordinances]," Part 1, Franz Sebastian Sartorius, Wurzburg, 1776, pp. 585-587, available from archive.org.
6. Researcher	Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	Translator The text of this Act is available in German in the source above. It was translated using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 26, 1714
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Classification and Taxation of Jews” issued by the Bancalitäts-Institute*
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Austria
4. Text of Act	[…] 1) [In the first classification are] all married Jews who live in Vienna, as well as those who are merchants of the Royal Court (‘Hoffactoren’)*, suppliers and businessmen (‘Regocianten’) and engaged in the exchange trade (‘Wechselgeschäfte machen’), if they want to be tolerated and continue to engage in the exchange trade, are to make annual payments of 300 fl. [Gulden]. 2) […] [the second classifications encompasses] those Jews who are engaged in the exchange trade of the Royal Court (‘Hofnegocien’) but live outside of the city of Vienna […] are to pay 100 fl. [Gulden]. 3) […][in the third classifications are] Jews, who represent Jewish services that differ from those of the Royal Court Chamber or National-Chamber (‘Hof- oder Landeskammer’) [are required to pay] annually 30 fl. [Gulden]. 4) […] [in the fourth classification are] Jews, who are yet aspiring to [providing] these services or wish to enjoy other positions available to them in the Bancal-Benefactions (‘Bancal-Wohlthaten’), [and are required to pay] annually 6 fl. [Gulden]. […]
5. Source	Beyträge zur politischen Gesetzkunde im österreichischen Kaiserstaate; Herausgegeben von Johann Ludwig Ehrereich (Graf von Barth-Barthenheim): Erster Band; (Wien; 1821); (Contributions to the Political Statutes of the Austrian Royal State; published by Johann Ludwig Ehrereich (Earl of Barth-Barthenheim); Volume I); (Vienna; 1821)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2017
8. Notes	Researcher “Hoffactoren” were merchants who were responsible for all money and finance matters of the Royal Courts. *This classification was created and issued by the “Bancalitäts-Institute” which was established by the Royal Court, and Jews who wished to remain in the country and to be protected, were required to make these payments according to their classifications. It was also ordered that Jews who did not make these compulsory contributions, not be allowed to do business or be appointed to any of these royal positions, much less remain in Vienna.

1. Full Date of Act	May 20, 1714
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Law issued by King Friedrich Wilhelm I of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	[…] 3. Even though an edict, published on November 26, 1700, regulated what and how much the Jewdom may take from their lent monies by way of interest; so we nevertheless grant them herewith, that following the example of the Jews at Halberstadt, they may take two goslars weekly per thaler, but not more, under avoidance of our penalty, much less add the compound and profit to the principal, nor seek any other advantage from it. […] 11. Furthermore, we have similarly decreed: that when a protected Jew wishes to keep and settle more than one of his children here, this should be granted, although the other child should own at least one thousand thalers, but the third, at least two thousand thalers, and that the second child shall submit fifty thalers, and the second child one hundred thalers, for their concession and freedom, and moreover, that such a child, in addition to the above, shall submit an attestation by the elders of their community, as to the net worth and righteous way of life of the child, so that the Jewdom in these lands shall not be dragged into poverty by the poverty of another, nor be burdened.
5. Source	Mylius, Christian Otto. Corpus Constitutionum Marchicarum, Oder Königl. Preußis. und Churfürstl. Brandenburgische in der Chur- und Marck Brandenburg, auch incorporirten Landen publicirte und ergangene Ordnungen, Edicta, Mandata, Rescripta etc. (Collected Laws of the Mark, or Royal Prussian and Prince-Electoral Brandenburgian Ordinances, Edicts, Mandates, Rescripts etc., Published and Ordained in the Electorate and Mark Brandenburg, as well as Incorporated Lands). Buchladen des Waysenhauses: Berlin, 1740. Cols. 157-166.
6. Researcher	Dominik Jacobs
7. Year of Research	2019
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 14, 1714
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Ordinance” issued by the Government of Prince-Elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg/Holy Roman Empire
4. Text of Act	[…] All idlers (‘Müssiggänger’), deliberate beggars, as well as other vagabonds and beggar-Jews who are currently present in our lands at the publication [of this ordinance], are warned that they should no longer found to be present here. […] violators are to be jailed with nothing but bread and water for 8 days and then removed from the land as quickly as possible. Children are to be placed in local poor-houses to be raised […] 5) […] Beggar-Jews, however, shall be severely punished with a hard prison sentence of 10 -14 days […] and thrown into the worst dog-holes* (‘Hudelöcher’) and flogged [and given nothing but] bread and water, and otherwise treated badly so that they will no longer feel the desire in the future to be seen in our lands […]
5. Source	Des Königreichs Hannover Landes-Gesetz und Verordnungen, insbesondere der Fürstenthümer Calenberg, Göttingen und Grubenhagen. In einem Auszug nach alphabetischer Ordnung gebracht von Friedrich Christoph Willich, Doctor der Rechte und königliche Großbritannisch Honnoverschen Rath. Erster Band. A - G. Zweyte Auflage. (“State Laws and Ordinäres of the Kingdom of Hannover, especially the principalities of Calenberg, Göttingen and Grubenberg. As abstracts in alphabetical order prepared by Friedrich Christoph Willich, JD, and Royal Britisch Council of Hannover. First Volume, A - G. Second issue.”); (Göttingen; 1825);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	Researcher Hundeloch (Hundelöcher pl.) - literally a dog-hole - or sometimes called Betzkämmerchen were historical (and regional) jail-like correctional institutions.

1. Full Date of Act	Nov. 6, 1714
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Rescript No. XXXII" issued by King Frederick William I of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Prussia
4. Text of Act	Rescript regulating that Jews are no longer to charge more than 10 percent in interest or to accept pawns from Christian subjects.
5. Source	Mylius, Christian Otto: Des Corporis Constitutionum Marchicarum; Oder Königl. Preußis. Und Churfürstl. Brandenburgische in der Chur- und Marck Brandenburg, auch incorporirten Landen publicirte und ergangene Ordnungen, Edicta, Mandata, Rescripta etc: Von Zeiten Friedrichs I. Churfürstens zu Brandenburg, etc. Biß ietzo unter der Regierung Friderich Wilhelms Königs in Preussen etc. Ad annum 1736. Inclusive. Repertorium Corporis Constitutionum Marchicarum, I. Chronologicum. II. Reale. oder Zweyfaches Register über die Königl. Preuß. und Churfürstl. Brandenburgischen in der Chur- und Marck Brandenburg auch incorporirten Landen ... Ordnungen, Edicten etc. von 1298. bis 1750, Fünfter Theil. (Berlin 1740), Pages 168-169, vid. P. II. Se. I. No. CXXXVI, Page 555.
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2016
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Dec. 14, 1714
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Ordinance, issued by Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, King of Germany, Spain, Hungary, Bohemia, Dalmatia, Croatia, Slavonia, Duke of Austria, Earl of Hapsburg and Flanders
3. Geography of Act	Europe (multi-countries)
4. Text of Act	If any Jews under Our royal protection wish to enjoy the privileges and benefits of operating a financial institution, they are to pay the fee indicated on the attached list; if any financial activity is engaged in by those who do not pay this fee, they shall not receive such privileges in the future.
5. Source	“Wir Karl der Sechste, von Gottes Gnaden, Erwählter Römischer Kayser, zu allen Zeiten Mehrer deß Reichs... [We Carl the Sixth, Holy Roman Emperor by Divine Grace, at all Times Multiplier of the Empire…],” 12/14/1714; Decrees Collection; AR 379; Box 1; Folder 59; Leo Baeck Institute.
6. Researcher	Dominik Jacobs
7. Year of Research	2019
8. Notes	Editor Present-day Germany, Spain, Hungary, Czech Republic, Croatia, Austria and Belgium Researcher The attached “Juden-Lista” (a list of fees for Jews) set the fee for married Jews at 300 guilders, while the highest fee for non-Jews was 200 guilders.

1. Full Date of Act	Feb. 25, 1715
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Patent” issued by the Farther-Pomeranian government
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Poland
4. Text of Act	Jews from the Margraviate (‘Märckische Juden’), who do not have escort-letters for Pomerania as well as Jews on the countryside who cannot pay their protection-fee on time shall not be permitted to pass, but rather, when they are encountered to be peddling around in cities and villages […] stopped and reported to the government. Also, the magistrate in Farther-Pomerania and in the Principality of Cammin (‘Caminschen Landen’) must require protected-Jews to take an oath as per the common formula that they are not to employ more than one servant and one boy and not to allow anyone to engage in trade using their permit […].
5. Source	David Friedrich Quickmannen, Justiz-Burgemeisters zu Treptow an der Rega - Ordnung oder Samlung derer in dem königlichen preußischen Herzogtum Pommern und Fürstentum Camin, bis zu Ende des 1747sten Jahres, publicirten Edicten, Mandaten und Rescripten, in Justiz-Policey- Militair- Lehn- Forst- Post- Zoll- Accise, Steuer- Manufactur- und Oeconomie-Sachen etc. (Frankfurt an der Oder; 1750); (David Friedrich Quickmannen, judiciary mayor of Trzebiatów - Listing or collection of all edicts, mandates, and rescripts pertaining to matters related to law, police, military, loan, forestry, post, customs, tolls, taxes, manufacturing and economy issued in the royal Prussian Duchy in Pomerania and Principality/Bishopric of Cammin until the end of the year 1747. (Frankfurt (Oder); 1750);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 20, 1715
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Resolution” (‘Resolutio’) issued by Johann Moritz v. Blaspil on behalf of Fredrick William I of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Prussia
4. Text of Act	[…] 2) The previously permitted private schools […] are to be completely abolished and except the newly built synagogue, no other Jewish school may be permitted, but rather, all local Jews are to attend one and the same synagogue and to worship together, and those who dare to hold private ceremonies or gather in a house of 10 or more people, shall face confiscation of all of their possessions […]
5. Source	Des Corporis Constitutionum Marchicarum, Fünffter Theil. Von Polizey-Hochzeit-Kindtauffen-Begräbniß und Trauer- Kleider- auch Feuer-Gassen und anderen zur Polizei gehörigen Ordnungen, deren Städte Anbau, Manufacturen- Commercien- Woll- und Handwercks-Sachen, Dorff- und Acker- Bauer- Schäffer- Hirten- Gesinde-Ordnungen, und andren das Land-Wesen und Acker-Bau betreffenden Materien, item von Medicinal-Ordnungen, Chirurgis, Apotheckern, Pest-Anstalten, Vieh-Sterben. Scharffrichtern, Abdeckern, Schweinschneidern, Landstreichern, Zigeunern, Juden, Wirths-Häusern, und dergleichen. In Fünff Abtheilungen. (“Regarding the constitution of margraviate. Fifth part. Pertaining to police, marriage, baptism, funeral, mourning, clothing as well as fire-alley and other police ordinances, of city planning/building, manufacturing, commerce, wool, and other craftsmanships, village, farm and famers and shepherds, herdsmen, servant ordinances, and other matters pertaining to land-ownership and farming, as well as medical ordinances, surgery, apothecary, plague-institutions, and dying of cattle. Executioners/slaughterers. skinners, pork-cutters, tramps, gypsies, Jews, Inns/Taverns and the like. In five divisions.”)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	Researcher Johann Moritz von Blaspil/Blaspiel was a Prussian Minister.

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 3, 1715
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Ordinance” of Prince-Elector Maximilian II of Bavaria
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Electorate of Bavaria
4. Text of Act	Jews shall take only 9 percent in interests; and regarding sums that are less than 30 Thaler, [they shall take] weekly no more than one penny per Thaler […] Jews may not publicly trade on Sundays and holy-days […] They may not live together with Christians […] they may not purchase houses or issue any receipts in Hebrew […] Jews may not hire Christian wet-nurses […] they may not live close to any churches […] and they must live according to the constitution.
5. Source	Die Provinzial- und statutarischen Rechte in der preußischen Monarchie. Dargestellt vom wirklichen Geheimen Rath von Kamptz. Zweiter Theil. Die Provinzen: Pommern und Westphalen. (The provincial and legal statutes of the Prussian monarchie. Presented by the true secret council von Kamptz. Second Volume. The provinces: Pomerania and Westphalia.); (Berlin; 1827);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 12, 1715
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Rescript” Prussian government
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Prussia
4. Text of Act	[…] that the land/country is to be spared with the admittance of (more) Jews: of those Jewish children who were born here, only one of them is to be tolerated here, the others are to be expelled (removed out of the country) […] each household is to pay ‘protection money/fee’ (‘Schutzgeld’), the beggar-Jews are to receive the alms at the [outside] gates, and during weddings, circumcisions, deaths, the Jews are to pay the clerics the same ‘Jura stolae’ (fee) as the Christians do. […].
5. Source	Johann Heinrich Ludewig Bergius kameralisten-Bibliothek, oder vollständiges Verzeichnis derjenigen Bücher, Schriften und Abhandlungen, welche von dem Oeconomie- Polizey- Finaz- und Cameralwesen und verschiedenen anderen damit verbundenen Wissenschaften, auch von der dahin einschlagenden Rechtsgelehrsamkeit handeln. (Nürnberg; 1762); (Johann Heinrich Ludewig Bergius Trade Library or list of books, writings, and treatises which deal with economic, police, finance, and trade laws and are connected to other sciences, and influence other laws.); (Nuremberg; 1762)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 2, 1715
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Ordinance” issued by Bohemian government
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Bohemia
4. Text of Act	Jews are prohibited to go peddling during [the outbreak of] a contagious illness (‘tempore contagionis’) […]
5. Source	Scari, von Hieronymus: Systematische Darstellung der in Betreff der Juden in Mähren und in k. k. Antheile Schlesiens Erlassene Gesetze und Verordnungen. (Brünn; 1835); Systematic Representation in Regards to the Jews of Moravia and the Laws and Ordinances Issued in the Imperial and Royal[ly Owned] Parts of Silesia.) Brno; 1835.
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 10, 1715
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Ejusdem Order” issued [Frederick] Augustus III of Poland
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Bohemia
4. Text of Act	We, Fredrick Augustus (‘Friedrich Augustus’), King of Polen, […] Duke of Saxony, [….] have decided, due to the perceived increase of the contagion-evil [outlines the manner in which people and merchandize that come across the borders are to be dealt with]. Jews and beggars are especially to be turned away, even if they have the necessary passports/permits […]
5. Source	Codex Augusteus, Oder Neuvermehrtes Corpus Juris Saxonici, Worinnen die in dem Churfürstenthum Sachsen und dazu gehörigen Landen, auch denen Marggrafthümern Ober- und Nieder-Lausitz, publicirte und ergangene Constitutiones, Decisiones, Mandata und Verordnungen erhaltenen, nebst einem Elencho, dienlichen Summarien und vollkommenen Registern, mit Ihrer königlichen Majestät in Polen, als Churfürstens zu Sachsen, allergnädigster Bewilligung ans Licht gegeben und in richtige Ordnung gebracht von Johann Christian Lünig. (Codex Augustus, or newly augmented legal body/laws of Saxony, those of the Electorate of Saxony and its associated territories, as well as the margraviates of Upper and Lower Lusatia - issued and published constitutions, decisions, mandates, and received ordinances, along with an elenchus, useful summaries and complete indexes, with the most gracious permission of His Royal Majesty in Poland as Elector of Saxony, given light and brought into proper order by Johann Christian Lünig.); (Leipzig; 1724)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	Researcher The above mandate is mainly addressed to foreigners in general, especially, those coming from areas suspected to affected by the contagion; except the translated parts, which pertain to only Jews.

1. Full Date of Act	Nov. 7, 1715
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Curfew for Jews, issued by Charles IV, Archduke of Austria
3. Geography of Act	Austria
4. Text of Act	Jews are not to leave their house before 10 a.m. on any Christian holidays or on Sundays, and violators shall be arrested and subjected to further punishment.
5. Source	Urkunden und Akten zur Geschichte der Juden in Wien (1526-1847), Vol. I. A.F. Pribram. Vienna, 1918. p. 292. Accessed online.
6. Translator	Dominik Jacobs
7. Year of Translation	2016
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Dec. 4, 1715
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Order” issued by Augustus II, the Strong
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Electorate of Saxony
4. Text of Act	[…] Aside from the resident Lehmann and the court-agent Meyer along with their relatives and domestic aids, no other Jew is to be permitted to remain in Our domain.
5. Source	Lehmann, Emil: Der polnische Resident Berend Lehmann, der Stammvater der israelitischen Religionsgemeinde zu Dresden. Von seinem Ur- Ur- Urenkel. (E. Pierson) Dresden 1885. Abgedruckt in: Emil Lehmann, Gesammelte Schriften. (The Polish resident Berend Lehmann, the progenitor of the Israeli religious community in Dresden. From his great-great-great-grandson. (E. Pierson); (Dresden; 1885). Printed in Emil Ehemann, Collected Writings);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 15, 1716
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Renewal of Edict from August 28, 1703, regarding Jewish prayer”
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Prussia
4. Text of Act	[…] His Royal Majesty of Prussia […] Our all-gracious Lord […] wishes that the previously issued edict regarding the Jewish prayer Aleinu leshabei’ach (‘Alenu laschabbeach’) is strictly adhered to [see Frederick’s decree from August 28, 1703, which prohibits Jews from saying the 'Alenu leschabbeach: Schehem coreim umistachawim lahevel varik, umitpallelim le lo joshia' prayer loudly, while/and splitting and jumping [up and down …]. This renewed edict is to be made public in German and Hebrew and given out as well as posted where Jews live [ … and transgressors are to be chased out of the country or receive corporal punishment and a fine, depending on the circumstances …].
5. Source	Des Corporis Constitutionum Marchicarum Sechster Theil. Von Miscellaneis, und Supplementis derer vorhergehenden Fünf Theile bis 1736. (Corpus of the constitution of the margraviate. Sixth part. Containing miscellaneous and supplemental [documents] in the previous five parts until 1736)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 28, 1716
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Announcement” issued by the [City] Council of Dresden
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	[…] locals are neither to accommodate the relatives of Lehmann or Meyer nor any other Jews, much less take them into their homes in exchange for rent, unless they have a permit-paper to show.
5. Source	Lehmann, Emil: Der polnische Resident Berend Lehmann, der Stammvater der israelitischen Religionsgemeinde zu Dresden. Von seinem Ur- Ur- Urenkel. (E. Pierson) Dresden 1885. Abgedruckt in: Emil Lehmann, Gesammelte Schriften. (The Polish resident Berend Lehmann, the progenitor of the Israeli religious community in Dresden. From his great-great-great-grandson. (E. Pierson); (Dresden; 1885). Printed in Emil Ehemann, Collected Writings);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 23, 1716
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Rescript” issued by Augustus II, the Strong
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Electorate of Saxony
4. Text of Act	Dear faithful! [Orders the City Council of Dresden again to allow his resident Lehmann and Meyer and their relatives to remain in Dresden …] but other than these, no other Jews is to be tolerated in Our residency-city […]
5. Source	Lehmann, Emil: Der polnische Resident Berend Lehmann, der Stammvater der israelitischen Religionsgemeinde zu Dresden. Von seinem Ur- Ur- Urenkel. (E. Pierson) Dresden 1885. Abgedruckt in: Emil Lehmann, Gesammelte Schriften. (The Polish resident Berend Lehmann, the progenitor of the Israeli religious community in Dresden. From his great-great-great-grandson. (E. Pierson); (Dresden; 1885). Printed in Emil Ehemann, Collected Writings);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	May 15, 1716
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Order” of Augustus II, the Strong
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Electorate of Saxony
4. Text of Act	[…] No other Jew except Lehmann and Meyer is to be permitted to settle in Saxony […] they shall [however] be able to still travel here to pursue business against the common custom-fees and […] taxes.
5. Source	Lehmann, Emil: Der polnische Resident Berend Lehmann, der Stammvater der israelitischen Religionsgemeinde zu Dresden. Von seinem Ur- Ur- Urenkel. (E. Pierson) Dresden 1885. Abgedruckt in: Emil Lehmann, Gesammelte Schriften. (The Polish resident Berend Lehmann, the progenitor of the Israeli religious community in Dresden. From his great-great-great-grandson. (E. Pierson); (Dresden; 1885). Printed in Emil Ehemann, Collected Writings);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 3, 1716
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Decree” Johann Moritz v. Blaspil on behalf of Fredrick William I of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Prussia
4. Text of Act	Since His Royal Majesty of Prussia […] has noticed with displeasure that a number of Jews have failed to pay the obligatory protection-fees in the past years […] and yet have enjoyed the protection and freedoms [provided by the state], His Royal Majesty no longer wishes to permit such tardiness, but requires that the outstanding amount be submitted and that in the future this is done one time. This is why [His Majesty] order all local officers, city-magistrates under whose jurisdiction the local Jewish families may be […] to make it clear to them in all earnestness that they are to submit any outstanding payment within 14 days of this order to Vogt Loniceri, or have their schools closed, the slaughtering of cattle prohibited, and if necessary, have a number of [Jewish] men placed under house arrest by soldiers/the military (‘Soldatesque’) until they have paid the outstanding protection-money […]
5. Source	Des Corporis Constitutionum Marchicarum, Fünffter Theil. Von Polizey-Hochzeit-Kindtauffen-Begräbniß und Trauer- Kleider- auch Feuer-Gassen und anderen zur Polizei gehörigen Ordnungen, deren Städte Anbau, Manufacturen- Commercien- Woll- und Handwercks-Sachen, Dorff- und Acker- Bauer- Schäffer- Hirten- Gesinde-Ordnungen, und andren das Land-Wesen und Acker-Bau betreffenden Materien, item von Medicinal-Ordnungen, Chirurgis, Apotheckern, Pest-Anstalten, Vieh-Sterben. Scharffrichtern, Abdeckern, Schweinschneidern, Landstreichern, Zigeunern, Juden, Wirths-Häusern, und dergleichen. In Fünff Abtheilungen. (“Regarding the constitution of margraviate. Fifth part. Pertaining to police, marriage, baptism, funeral, mourning, clothing as well as fire-alley and other police ordinances, of city planning/building, manufacturing, commerce, wool, and other craftsmanships, village, farm and famers and shepherds, herdsmen, servant ordinances, and other matters pertaining to land-ownership and farming, as well as medical ordinances, surgery, apothecary, plague-institutions, and dying of cattle. Executioners/slaughterers. skinners, pork-cutters, tramps, gypsies, Jews, Inns/Taverns and the like. In five divisions.”)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	Researcher Johann Moritz von Blaspil/Blaspiel was a Prussian Minister.

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 11, 1716
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Writ” of the State government (Chancellor and City Council)
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	A home-purchased by Jews as loan-carrier/borrower is against the state constitution, because even in the cases where a loan-carrier/borrower is legally permitted - such as for officers and women - they do not constitute ownership.
5. Source	Lehmann, Emil: Der polnische Resident Berend Lehmann, der Stammvater der israelitischen Religionsgemeinde zu Dresden. Von seinem Ur- Ur- Urenkel. (E. Pierson) Dresden 1885. Abgedruckt in: Emil Lehmann, Gesammelte Schriften. (The Polish resident Berend Lehmann, the progenitor of the Israeli religious community in Dresden. From his great-great-great-grandson. (E. Pierson); (Dresden; 1885). Printed in Emil Ehemann, Collected Writings);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	None