Acts – Page 78 – OAJA.org

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 17, 1727
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Prohibition Against the Sale of Gunpowder and Potassium Nitrate,” patent issued by Charles VI, Archduke of Austria
3. Geography of Act	Austria
4. Text of Act	For especially pressing and significant reasons, only those Christian traders licensed for the sale of gunpowder and potassium nitrate are allowed to do so; it follows that all Jews are excluded from it, under penalty of corporal punishment or death.
5. Source	Urkunden und Akten zur Geschichte der Juden in Wien (1526-1847), Vol. I. A.F. Pribram. Vienna, 1918. p. 320. Accessed online.
6. Translator	Dominik Jacobs
7. Year of Translation	2016
8. Notes	Researcher potassium nitrate is the main ingredient of gunpowder.

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 19, 1727
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Edict LXXXVIL" issued by King Frederick William I of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Prussia
4. Text of Act	Jews are strictly prohibited from purchasing wool.
5. Source	Mylius, Christian Otto: Des Corporis Constitutionum Marchicarum; Oder Königl. Preußis. Und Churfürstl. Brandenburgische in der Chur- und Marck Brandenburg, auch incorporirten Landen publicirte und ergangene Ordnungen, Edicta, Mandata, Rescripta etc: Von Zeiten Friedrichs I. Churfürstens zu Brandenburg, etc. Biß ietzo unter der Regierung Friderich Wilhelms Königs in Preussen etc. Ad annum 1736. Inclusive. Repertorium Corporis Constitutionum Marchicarum, I. Chronologicum. II. Reale. oder Zweyfaches Register über die Königl. Preuß. und Churfürstl. Brandenburgischen in der Chur- und Marck Brandenburg auch incorporirten Landen ... Ordnungen, Edicten etc. von 1298. bis 1750, Fünfter Theil. (Berlin 1740), Pages 189-190 vid. P. V. Sec. II. Cap. 4, No. LXXXVII, Page 366.
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2015
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	May 7, 1727
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Expulsion, 1727
3. Geography of Act	Russia; Ukraine
4. Text of Act	All Jews found to be residing in the Ukraine and in Russian towns shall be immediately expelled beyond the frontier and not be allowed under any circumstances to enter Russia.
5. Source	Davitt, Michael. Within the Pale: The True Story of Anti-Semitic Persecutions in Russia (1903)
6. Researcher & Translator	Joan Paez
7. Year of Research & Translation	2016
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 30, 1727
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Patent” issued by the Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI [Karl VI]
3. Geography of Act	Europe (multi-countries)
4. Text of Act	[....] The Jews are to remain in their houses during Christian funeral or public devotionals and processions and to block/close all openings. […] On Sundays and public holidays Jews are to close their (junk) shops (‘Kramladen’) and vaults/businesses and to refrain from doing trading [or doing any business] […] and they shall not dispense/give brandy during church services. […]
5. Source	Dr. Johnn Luksche’s, weiland kaiserl. mähr. schles. Appelationsrathes, Besondere Rechte der Personen Mährens Dr. Joh. Luksche’s, weiland kaiserl. mähr. schles. Appelationsrathes, Besondere Rechte der Personen Mährens und Schlesiens, vorzüglich in politischer Hinsicht. Zweiter Band; (Brünn, 1844); (Dr. Joh. Lutsche’s Weiland Imper[ial], Moravia[n], Silesia[n] Council of Appellations, Special Rights of Persons of Moravia and Silesia, especially in political terms. Vol. II); (Brünn; 1844);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2017
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 1, 1727
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Swedish Parliamentary Renewal of the Resolution on the Clergy's Problems and Applications
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Sweden
4. Text of Act	Resolution of 1723 on the Clergy's concerns, regarding the apprehension and use of Jews [as labor by the crown] is renewed.
5. Source	Hugo Valentin, “Urkunder Till Judarnas Historia i Sverige [Records for the History of the Jews in Sweden],” Albert Bonniers, Stockholm, 1924, p. 13, available from runeberg.org.
6. Researcher	Rodi Adelsson (DLA Piper Sweden)
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	Researcher The Resolution of 1723 referenced above, can be found on OAJA.org under the Date: 10/22/1723 and Title: Resolution on the Clergy's Problems and Applications. The text of this Act is available in Swedish in the source above. Translator It was translated into English using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 5, 1727
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Ordinance” of Emperor Karl II
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Bohemia
4. Text of Act	[…] 2) By the order of the highest authorities in the ordinances from August 5, 1727, March 27, 1736, and September (‘Herbstmonat’) 1, 1740, Jews are prohibited from engaging in any kind of salt-trade […]. However, since these ordinance were publicized a long time ago and may no longer be remembered by the authorities, they are re-publicized hereby [and distributed] to the royal regional authorities so that they are prevented from suffering any [potential] harm. Ordinance from April 26, 1787.
5. Source	Blasek, Johann: Auszug aller im Königreiche Böhmen bestehenden Verordnungen und Gesetze nach Johann Roths; (Excerpts of all Existing Ordinances and Laws in the Kingdom of Bohemia According to Jahann Roth); (Vol. 5); (Prague; 1817)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2017
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 21, 1727
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Jewish-Ordinance” for the Upper and Lower Swabian Jewry issued by Charles III William, Margrave of Baden-Durlach
3. Geography of Act	Margraviate of Baden-Durlach; Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	[…] 7) Since it has occurred, that some Jews turn to games of dice, cards, and bowling after work and find ruin because of it, that is why We wish to strictly prohibit all Jews such gambling at a fine of 1 fl. [Reichsthaler] 30 kr. [Rhenish guilder] half of which is to be paid to Us and half to the Jewish charity […]
5. Source	Sammlung sämmtlicher Gesetze, Verordnungen, Verfügungen und Anordnungen welche in den Markgrafschaften und in dem Großherzogthum Baden über Gegenstände der Orts-Polizei seit dem Jahre 1712 bis 1832 erschienen sind, und nach den Bestimmungen des vierten Capitels der Gemeinde-Ordnung durch die Bürgermeister vollzogen werden. Herausgegeben von Bernhard Dollmätsch, Großherzoglich Badischem Kammerrath, Oberrevisor des Ministeriums des Innern und Ritter des Zähringer Löwen-Ordens. Zweiter Band. (Carlsruhe und Baden; 1837); (Collection of all laws, ordinances, decrees, and orders which have been published in the Counties of Mark and the Grand-Duchy of Baden pertaining to local police-ordinances from 1712 until 1832, which have been enforced by the mayor in accordance with the provisions outlined in the fourth chapter of the municipal order. Edited by Bernhard Dollmätsch, Chamber-Council of the Grand-Duchy of Baden, chief-editor/revisor of the Ministry of Interior and knight of the Order of the Zähringer Lion. Second Volume.); (Karlsruhe and Baden; 1837)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Sep. 10, 1727
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Edict” issued by Fredrick William of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Prussia
4. Text of Act	[…] no Jew shall dare to purchase spun wool for the purpose of reselling it […].
5. Source	Des Corporis Constitutionum Marchicarum, Fünffter Theil. Von Polizey-Hochzeit-Kindtauffen-Begräbniß und Trauer- Kleider- auch Feuer-Gassen und anderen zur Polizei gehörigen Ordnungen, deren Städte Anbau, Manufacturen- Commercien- Woll- und Handwercks-Sachen, Dorff- und Acker- Bauer- Schäffer- Hirten- Gesinde-Ordnungen, und andren das Land-Wesen und Acker-Bau betreffenden Materien, item von Medicinal-Ordnungen, Chirurgis, Apotheckern, Pest-Anstalten, Vieh-Sterben. Scharffrichtern, Abdeckern, Schweinschneidern, Landstreichern, Zigeunern, Juden, Wirths-Häusern, und dergleichen. In Fünff Abtheilungen. (“Regarding the constitution of margraviate. Fifth part. Pertaining to police, marriage, baptism, funeral, mourning, clothing as well as fire-alley and other police ordinances, of city planning/building, manufacturing, commerce, wool, and other craftsmanships, village, farm and famers and shepherds, herdsmen, servant ordinances, and other matters pertaining to land-ownership and farming, as well as medical ordinances, surgery, apothecary, plague-institutions, and dying of cattle. Executioners/slaughterers. skinners, pork-cutters, tramps, gypsies, Jews, Inns/Taverns and the like. In five divisions.”)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Dec. 2, 1727
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Edict against the peddling of Jews on the countryside” issued by Frederick William I (‘Friedrich Wilhelm’)
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Prussia
4. Text of Act	1) Jewish-boys are not to have a stand at fairs or annual markets or lose their merchandize. 2) Such boys are not to pass through villages at all. As soon as one encounters these (Jewish-boys) or protected-Jews at peddling, they are to be taken into custody along with their merchandize and […] reported to the War- and Domain Chamber (‘Kriegs- und Domainen Cammer’) who will then issue a sentence of hard-labor or other kinds of punishments, depending on the gravity of the offense. 3) Protected Jews who allow these boys to have a stand […] or send them out to peddle in cities or villages shall lose their privilege (‘Privilegii’) […] foreign Jews shall be sentence to a considerable fine or corporal punishment […]; No Jew is therefore to peddle or lose his protection-permit.
5. Source	David Friedrich Quickmannen, Justiz-Burgemeisters zu Treptow an der Rega - Ordnung oder Samlung derer in dem königlichen preußischen Herzogtum Pommern und Fürstentum Camin, bis zu Ende des 1747sten Jahres, publicirten Edicten, Mandaten und Rescripten, in Justiz-Policey- Militair- Lehn- Forst- Post- Zoll- Accise, Steuer- Manufactur- und Oeconomie-Sachen etc. (Frankfurt an der Oder; 1750); (David Friedrich Quickmannen, judiciary mayor of Trzebiatów - Listing or collection of all edicts, mandates, and rescripts pertaining to matters related to law, police, military, loan, forestry, post, customs, tolls, taxes, manufacturing and economy issued in the royal Prussian Duchy in Pomerania and Principality/Bishopric of Cammin until the end of the year 1747.); (Frankfurt (Oder); 1750)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2016
8. Notes	Researcher Edict was issued in Berlin.

1. Full Date of Act	Dec. 2, 1727
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decree restricting the movements of wandering Jews and ordering the inspection of their possessions.
3. Geography of Act	Prince-Bishopric of Speyer
4. Text of Act	The wandering Jewish people … should not be allowed to move and pass freely,… but should be denied this, and that they should otherwise be treated according to the various regulations previously issued, in particular the district sanction of 1722. … We must also see with our own eyes that the wandering beggar Jews,… usually carry packs or bundles with them, in which they most likely try to carry away and hide things that have been stolen from time to time or that they have subsequently bought, and there is therefore great reason to take every possible precaution against such rabble; Therefore, we hereby issue our further, measured order that when such begging Jews or other suspicious people travel here and there, their bags and bundles in their possession are to be carefully inspected by the town clerk, or possibly village authorities, and if anything suspicious … is found, it is to be kept back and the carrier is to be arrested for a thorough investigation of the matter. However, if nothing of the sort can be found, the begging Jew or others are nevertheless to be turned away.
5. Source	“Sammlung der Hochfürstlich-Speierischen Gesetze und Landesverordnungen vom Jahr 1719 bis 1743 [Collection of the High Princely Speyer Laws and State Ordinances from 1719 to 1743],” Part 2, Bevern, 1788, p. 90, available from archive.org.
6. Researcher	Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	Researcher There is a district sanction dated August 29, 1722, included in the source above (pp. 21-31), listed as a “stricter punitive sanction and regulation of the praiseworthy Upper Rhine region against harmful theft, robbery and swindling, as well as … idle and dissolute beggars.” It does not appear to specifically mention Jewish people. Translator The text of this Act is available in German in the source above. It was translated using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Feb. 18, 1728
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decree prohibiting Jewish participation in the leather trade.
3. Geography of Act	Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg
4. Text of Act	We hereby solemnly order and want that from now on, no stranger, domestic or foreign, especially the bunglers, troublemakers and Jews, should peddle leather in towns, markets and villages, or sell it outside of the annual markets.
5. Source	"Sammlung der Hochfürstlich-Wirzburgischen Landesverordnungen [Collection of the High Princely Würzburg State Ordinances]," Part 1, Franz Sebastian Sartorius, Wurzburg, 1776, pp. 778-779, available from archive.org.
6. Researcher	Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	Translator The text of this Act is available in German in the source above. It was translated using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 8, 1728
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Rescript” issued by the government of Dresden
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	It is entirely prohibited to Jews to engage in trade without inquiry/permission.
5. Source	Lehmann, Emil: Der polnische Resident Berend Lehmann, der Stammvater der israelitischen Religionsgemeinde zu Dresden. Von seinem Ur- Ur- Urenkel. (E. Pierson) Dresden 1885. Abgedruckt in: Emil Lehmann, Gesammelte Schriften. (The Polish resident Berend Lehmann, the progenitor of the Israeli religious community in Dresden. From his great-great-great-grandson. (E. Pierson); (Dresden; 1885). Printed in Emil Ehemann, Collected Writings);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	Researcher A notation on the document reads: “[It] Can be reported to the localities/authorities.” This rescript was issued in response to a complaint brought forth in the form of a preliminary document of the parliament drafted by the estates of the realm (‘Stände’).

1. Full Date of Act	Apr. 12, 1728
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Order” issued by the government of Dresden
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	Berend Lehmann is given three months to sell his merchandise and to clear his warehouse [after which, Jews are prohibited to engage in trade in Dresden without permission from the localities.]
5. Source	Lehmann, Emil: Der polnische Resident Berend Lehmann, der Stammvater der israelitischen Religionsgemeinde zu Dresden. Von seinem Ur- Ur- Urenkel. (E. Pierson) Dresden 1885. Abgedruckt in: Emil Lehmann, Gesammelte Schriften. (The Polish resident Berend Lehmann, the progenitor of the Israeli religious community in Dresden. From his great-great-great-grandson. (E. Pierson); (Dresden; 1885). (Printed in Emil Ehemann, Collected Writings)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	Researcher See Rescript of April 8, 1728.

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 19, 1728
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decree restricting Jewish trade in meat.
3. Geography of Act	Prince-Bishopric of Speyer
4. Text of Act	No Jew should carry slaughtered meat in quarters or pieces under penalty of 100 thalers (whereby the person who reports it and the person who tries it should also be left with 12 thalers per discretion) because of the Jews' well-known malice towards the Christians and their fraudulent pursuit of profit.
5. Source	“Sammlung der Hochfürstlich-Speierischen Gesetze und Landesverordnungen vom Jahr 1719 bis 1743 [Collection of the High Princely Speyer Laws and State Ordinances from 1719 to 1743],” Part 2, Bevern, 1788, p. 100, available from archive.org.
6. Researcher	Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	Translator The text of this Act is available in German in the source above. It was translated using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 21, 1728
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decree restricting Jewish trading rights.
3. Geography of Act	Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg
4. Text of Act	Jews are allowed to pass freely through all diocese-locked and unlocked places on work days, Sundays and holidays after paying the usual customs or tolls (however, in the places they enter they must completely refrain from all trading and peddling on Sundays and holidays under severe penalty …) … the cattle that the Jews bring to or from the markets should not be driven through the closed places or country towns on Sundays and holidays,… nor [can they] spend the night there.
5. Source	"Sammlung der Hochfürstlich-Wirzburgischen Landesverordnungen [Collection of the High Princely Würzburg State Ordinances]," Part 1, Franz Sebastian Sartorius, Wurzburg, 1776, p. 786, available from archive.org.
6. Researcher	Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	Translator The text of this Act is available in German in the source above. It was translated using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 21, 1728
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Patent” of Prince-Bishop Christoph Franz von Hutten
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg
4. Text of Act	Jews are permitted to lead their cattle from and to the markets on Sundays and holy-days (but only in the afternoons) […]; however, they may not enter any closed-off places and cities (‘Orten und Land-Stadten’) even in order to feed their cattle in an emergency.
5. Source	Wirzburgische Chronik derer lezteren Zeiten von P. Ignacio Gropp. (Wirzburg; 1750); (Chronicle of Würzburg’s past by P. Ignacio Gropp.); (Würzburg; 1750);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 20, 1728
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Royal Rescript” (‘Rescriptum’) issued by Frederick William and addressed to the Pomeranian War- & Domain-Chamber
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Prussia
4. Text of Act	There shall be 65 escorted […] Jewish families tolerated in the Duchy of Farther-Pomerania and in Lauenburg and Bütow Land, which shall include married 1st and 2nd children as well as widows […] who shall now give 12 Rthlr. instead, as well as 16 Gr. [Groschen] and 3 Pf. [Pfennig] annually per family in recruitment-fees (‘Recruten-Gelder’) to the Recruitment-treasury/office (‘Recruten-Casse’) […] And because protected Jews in each of the provinces are all liable for each others protection- & recruitment-fees […they are to assume these payments collectively] when there are not 65 Jewish-families present or if that number has been reduced by His Majesty.
5. Source	David Friedrich Quickmannen, Justiz-Burgemeisters zu Treptow an der Rega - Ordnung oder Samlung derer in dem königlichen preußischen Herzogtum Pommern und Fürstentum Camin, bis zu Ende des 1747sten Jahres, publicirten Edicten, Mandaten und Rescripten, in Justiz-Policey- Militair- Lehn- Forst- Post- Zoll- Accise, Steuer- Manufactur- und Oeconomie-Sachen etc. (Frankfurt an der Oder; 1750); (David Friedrich Quickmannen, judiciary mayor of Trzebiatów - Listing or collection of all edicts, mandates, and rescripts pertaining to matters related to law, police, military, loan, forestry, post, customs, tolls, taxes, manufacturing and economy issued in the royal Prussian Duchy in Pomerania and Principality/Bishopric of Cammin until the end of the year 1747. (Frankfurt (Oder); 1750)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 31, 1728
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Declaration” issued by the Government of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Prussia
4. Text of Act	His Royal Majesty of Prussia, […] our gracious lord […] have declared that [as] the Jews in Berlin and all other provinces die out, no new letters of protection shall be issued [to Jews]. All Jewish commissions, domain-chambers, magistrates and authorities under which the Jews lie, are to enforce this […]
5. Source	Des Corporis Constitutionum Marchicarum, Fünffter Theil. Von Polizey-Hochzeit-Kindtauffen-Begräbniß und Trauer- Kleider- auch Feuer-Gassen und anderen zur Polizei gehörigen Ordnungen, deren Städte Anbau, Manufacturen- Commercien- Woll- und Handwercks-Sachen, Dorff- und Acker- Bauer- Schäffer- Hirten- Gesinde-Ordnungen, und andren das Land-Wesen und Acker-Bau betreffenden Materien, item von Medicinal-Ordnungen, Chirurgis, Apotheckern, Pest-Anstalten, Vieh-Sterben. Scharffrichtern, Abdeckern, Schweinschneidern, Landstreichern, Zigeunern, Juden, Wirths-Häusern, und dergleichen. In Fünff Abtheilungen. (“Regarding the constitution of margraviate. Fifth part. Pertaining to police, marriage, baptism, funeral, mourning, clothing as well as fire-alley and other police ordinances, of city planning/building, manufacturing, commerce, wool, and other craftsmanships, village, farm and famers and shepherds, herdsmen, servant ordinances, and other matters pertaining to land-ownership and farming, as well as medical ordinances, surgery, apothecary, plague-institutions, and dying of cattle. Executioners/slaughterers. skinners, pork-cutters, tramps, gypsies, Jews, Inns/Taverns and the like. In five divisions.”)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Nov. 30, 1728
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Rescript” issued by Fredrick William I of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Prussia
4. Text of Act	We, Fredrick William, King of Prussia by the grace of God […] order that the local Jewry shall not elect a Jew who has gone bankrupt or is otherwise suspicious as their [Jewish] elders […]
5. Source	Anhang des Corporis Constitutionum Marchicarum Fünfften Theils. Zweyten Abtheilung. Cap. X. hält in sich Die General-Privilegia und Gulde-Briefe derer in the Chur und Mark Brandenburg bis- und jenes der Oder und Elbe befindlichen Zünfte und Handwerke, wie schon nach dem 16. August 1731 emanirten und in der Chur und Mark Brandenburg unsre dem 6. August 1732. publicirten Reichs-Constitution, mit Aufhebung derer alten Innungs-Briefe neu abgestattet und nach Ordnung der Zeit, wie sie publiciret sind, hier zusammen gedruckt worden. Kaiserliche Kurfürstliche Hofbibliothek. (Supplement to the Constitution of the Margraviate. Fifth part. Twentieth section. Chapter X. contains the general-privileges and the letters/orders of the guilds in the electorate and margraviate of Brandenburg covering all [local craftsmen] guilds [located] all the way to the Oder and Elbe as it was issued as per August 16, 1731, in the Electorate and Margraviate of Brandenburg and published along with the state constitution of August 6, 1732, they are listed and printed here in chronological order as they were published after the abolishment of the old guild letters/orders. [From the] Imperial-Electoral Court Library.)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Dec. 7, 1728
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Ordinance” issued by the Pomeranian government*
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany, Poland
4. Text of Act	[…] in matters pertaining to civil and criminal law, Jews are under the jurisdiction of the government, however, the collection of payments from Jews and their escort [permits/fees] appertain to the royal War- & Domain-Chamber (“königl. Kriegs- und Domainen Cammer’).
5. Source	David Friedrich Quickmannen, Justiz-Burgemeisters zu Treptow an der Rega - Ordnung oder Samlung derer in dem königlichen preußischen Herzogtum Pommern und Fürstentum Camin, bis zu Ende des 1747sten Jahres, publicirten Edicten, Mandaten und Rescripten, in Justiz-Policey- Militair- Lehn- Forst- Post- Zoll- Accise, Steuer- Manufactur- und Oeconomie-Sachen etc. (Frankfurt an der Oder; 1750); (David Friedrich Quickmannen, judiciary mayor of Trzebiatów - Listing or collection of all edicts, mandates, and rescripts pertaining to matters related to law, police, military, loan, forestry, post, customs, tolls, taxes, manufacturing and economy issued in the royal Prussian Duchy in Pomerania and Principality/Bishopric of Cammin until the end of the year 1747.); (Frankfurt (Oder); 1750);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	Researcher *Signed in Stattin by von Grumbkow and von Lettow.

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 21, 1729
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Papal bull “Alias Emanarunt,” issued by Pope Benedict XIII
3. Geography of Act	Present-day France
4. Text of Act	[…] Jews are to be limited to the trade of rag-picking, or 'cencinariae' (as it is said in the vernacular), and they cannot trade in grain, barley or any other commodity essential to human welfare. And those among them who are physicians, even if summoned and inquired after, cannot attend or take part in the care of Christians, and they are not to be addressed as superiors [even] by poor Christians.
5. Source	Giraldi, Ubaldo. Expositio juris pontificii: juxta recentiorem ecclesiae disciplinam in duas partes distribute (Exposition of Pontifical Law, According to Recent Church Doctrine, Published in Two Parts), Part 1. Apud Dominicum Ercole: Rome, 1829. Pp. 619ff.
6. Researcher	Dominik Jacobs
7. Year of Research	2019
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	May 24, 1729
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Writ” issued by Duke Eberhard Ludwig of Württemberg
3. Geography of Act	Duchy of Württemberg; Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	By the grace of God, Eberhard Ludwig, Duke of Württemberg and Teck […] Dear faithfuls! Even though We have ordered in all earnestness with our General-Ordinance of November 2, 1706, regarding the trade and business dealings of Our subjects with the Jews […] and that there shall be no business and trade dealings between Christians and Jews, except during the public markets, We have noticed with displeasure that the formerly issued constitutions are being disregarded […] and that dealings and trade between Jews and Christians occur even on holy Sundays […] that is why we order herewith again that none of our subjects may borrow anything from Jews, or to deal/trade with them […] in any shape or form - […] (except during public market days …] and never during Sundays and Holy-days. […].
5. Source	Sammlung der württembergischen Gerichts-Gesetze. Von Chr. H. Ricke, Rechts-Consulent in Stuttgart. Dritter Theil. Enthaltend bis dritte Riehe der Gerichts-Gesetze vom Jahr 1654 bis zum Jahr 1805. (Collection of court/legal laws of Württemberg. By Chr. H. Ricke, Legal-Consultant in Stuttgart. Third part. Contains all first three rows of the court/legal laws starting 1654 until 1805.)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	Researcher The above text has been abbreviated to fit the allocated space. The full text can be found in the cited source.

1. Full Date of Act	May 25, 1729
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	General Rescript, issued by Eberhard Louis, Duke of Württemberg
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	We hereby prohibit all trading and other dealings of Christians with Jews, except in public markets but without the evil of usury; from now on, none of Our subjects shall be allowed to borrow anything from Jews, to work with them, or to agree to any deal or trade with them, be it usurious or not, and the appropriate punishments and confiscations shall be applied without mercy to those in contravention of this order.
5. Source	Riecke, Christian H. Sammlung der württembergischen Gesetze (Collection of the Laws of Württemberg). L.F. Fues: Tübingen, 1835. Vol. 6. Page 352.
6. Researcher	Dominik Jacobs
7. Year of Research	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 7, 1729
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Rescript” issued by the Prussian government
3. Geography of Act	Kingdom of Prussia
4. Text of Act	[…] when foreign Jews copulate (’copuliret’) or die in the lands of the princely-electorate (’hochfürstl. Landen’), they are to properly submit the ‘jura stolae’ (legal tax/dues).
5. Source	Johann Heinrich Ludewig Bergius kameralisten-Bibliothek, oder vollständiges Verzeichnis derjenigen Bücher, Schriften und Abhandlungen, welche von dem Oeconomie- Polizey- Finaz- und Cameralwesen und verschiedenen anderen damit verbundenen Wissenschaften, auch von der dahin einschlagenden Rechtsgelehrsamkeit handeln. (Nürnberg; 1762); (Johann Heinrich Ludewig Bergius Trade Library or list of books, writings, and treatises which deal with economic, police, finance, and trade laws and are connected to other sciences, and influence other laws.); (Nuremberg; 1762)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1730
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Law issued by Frederick William I
3. Geography of Act	Prussia
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “In 1730 a new Jewry law was promulgated: the eldest son was now obliged to own 1,000 and pay 50 taler and the second twice these amounts; all were subject to the condition that the number of protected Jews (Schutzjuden) in any given locality should not increase. Foreign Jews in possession of at least 10,000 taler were allowed to settle in Prussia. The law also prohibited Jews from engaging in all crafts (except seal engraving) competing with Christian guilds; it prohibited them from dealing in a large number of goods (mainly local produce). Peddling, in particular, was suppressed. Commerce in luxury wares (expensive textiles, spices, etc.) was permitted, as was moneylending and dealing in old clothes. The law applied not only to Brandenburg but to all Prussian territories, creating uniform conditions for the Jews and defining (in article 24) their juridical relationship to the state. The regular tax load was raised, in addition to extraordinary exactions. Jewish merchants were encouraged to become entrepreneurs and invest in manufacture, particularly of textiles (silk, ribbons, satin, lace, etc.). These businessmen were granted highly favorable conditions. Thus the king passed on to his son a basically contradictory policy, at the same time mercantilist and anti-Jewish; needing and encouraging Jews for their economic contribution he attempted to restrict their rights and numbers.” Henry Wasserman: “Prussia.”* Online article 2) “Frederick William I (1713-40) limited…the number of tolerated Jews…By a charter granted in 1730, the number of tolerated Jews was reduced to 100 householders. Only the two oldest sons of the family were allowed to reside in Berlin – the first, if he possessed 1,000 thalers in ready money, on payment of 50 thalers, and the second if he owned and paid double these amounts. Vergleitete Jews might own stores, but were forbidden to trade in drugs and spices (except for tobacco and dyes), in raw skins, and in imported woolen and fiber goods, and were forbidden to operate breweries or distilleries. They were also forbidden to engage in any craft, apart from seal engraving, gold and silver embroidery, and Jewish ritual slaughter. Land ownership by Jews had been prohibited in 1697 and required a special license which could be obtained only with great difficulty. Jews might bequeath their property to their children, but not to other relatives.” Abraham Meir Habermann: “Berlin.” Online article
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None