Acts – Page 83 – OAJA.org

1. Full Date of Act	Nov. 4, 1744
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Judgment of the Council of State, signed by King Louis XV, delivered at the request of merchants of Blois carrying trade rules of the foreigners and Jews, in confirmation of previous letters and judgments.
3. Geography of Act	France
4. Text of Act	(…) It pleases his Majesty with regard to Jews to reinforce the prohibitions to sell and debit any goods in the cities and places of the kingdom, other than those where they are domiciled, (…)
5. Source	Conseil du roi. Arrêts en commandement, règne de Louis XV (1715-1720) Inventaire analytique (E//1957, E//1977, E//1980, E//1983-E//2157, E//2061) Par M. Antoine et B. Schmauch. Archives nationales (France). Pierrefitte-sur-Seine 1968 (Council of the King. Orders in command, reign of Louis XV (1715-1720) Analytical Inventory (E//1957, E//1977, E//1980, E//1983-E//2157, E//2061) By Mr. Antoine and B. Schmauch. National Archives (France). (Pierrefitte-sur-Seine; 1968);
6. Researcher & Translator	Cristina Penland
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Dec. 18, 1744
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Edict Expelling Jews, issued by Empress Maria Theresa
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Czech Republic
4. Text of Act	Resulting from several most significant causes that have moved us, we have decided that in the future, no Jew shall be tolerated within our hereditary kingdom of Bohemia. (1) On the last day of January 1745, no Jew shall be present any longer within the cities of Prague, and those in violation of this order shall be expelled with military force. (2) Those who cannot dispose of their property and effects by the end of January shall be allowed to remain until the end of June 1744, in order to facilitate the settling of their affairs. (3) After the passage of those 6 months, the entire Jewdom is to vacate the kingdom of Bohemia, never to be seen again within its borders. (4) This shall apply not only to the Jews of Prague, but to the complete Jewdom of the land, so that on the last day of June 1745, no Jew shall be present within the kingdom anymore.
5. Source	Jahrbuch für die Geschichte der Juden und des Judenthums, Vol. IV; O. Leiner (publisher), Leipzig, Germany, 1869. p. 152. Accessed online
6. Researcher & Translator	Researcher Ziba Shadjaani Translator Dominik Jacobs
7. Year of Research & Translation	Research Translation 2016
8. Notes	Researcher The above edict was made public on December 22, 1744.

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 2, 1745
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Supreme Rescript” (“allerh. Reskript”) issued by the Moravian Government
3. Geography of Act	Moravia; Present-day Czech Republic
4. Text of Act	[…] all Jews are to emigrate/leave Moravia by the end of June of this same year, […] those who disobey/act in defiance are to be removed by military force. […]
5. Source	Scari, von Hieronymus: Systematische Darstellung der in Betreff der Juden in Mähren und in k. k. Antheile Schlesiens Erlassene Gesetze und Verordnungen; (Brünn; 1835); (“Systematic Representation in Regards to the Jews of Moravia and the Laws and Ordinances Issued in the Imperial and Royal[ly Owned] Parts of Silesia”);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2018
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 7, 1745
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Edict, issued by Frederick II, King of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	We have been moved with cause to most graciously find, that the edict of April 8, 1726 – prohibiting Jews, under penalty of flogging, from accepting promissory notes, or any other non-cash instruments, in exchange for goods delivered – shall only apply to those Jews who are needy, simple-minded, not of the age of majority, or inept at managing their affairs; however, in cases where no fraud is apparent, those of some intellect, as well as those who employ servants, shall not be covered by said edict.
5. Source	Mylius, Christian Otto (ed.). Corporis Constitutionum Marchicarum Continuatio III. Derer in der Chur und Marck Brandenburg, auch incorporirten Landen, ergangenen Edicten, Mandaten, Rescripten &c. von 1745 bis 1747, inclusive. Mit Königl. Preußischen Privilegio (Third Continuation of the Body of Edicts, Mandates, Rescripts etc. Issued in the Electorate and March of Brandenburg, as well as Incorporated Lands, from 1745 through 1747. With Royal-Prussian Privileges). Buchladen des Waysenhauses: Berlin, 1748. Cols. 1f.
6. Researcher	Dominik Jacobs
7. Year of Research	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 15, 1745
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Rescript, issued by the Danish Chancellery to the Bishop of Zealand and the Court Preacher
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Denmark
4. Text of Act	Jews who want to be instructed in the Christian religion, must declare to the priest what craft they will learn, or in what factory they will work. Any priests who have come across such a Jew, who is beginning to be taught to convert to the Christian faith must, in order to prevent such people from wandering around the country to pray, declare which profession or craft that individual will learn, or in which of the manufactures here he plans to work, in order to earn his living.
5. Source	Cohen, Asser Daniel. De Mosaiske troesbekjenderes stilling i Danmark forhen og nu: historisk fremstillet i et tidsløb af naesten 200 aar, tilligemed alle lovsteder og offentlige foranstaltninger dem angaande, som ere udkomne fra 1651 til 1836. (The position of the Mosaic believers in Denmark, before and now: historically produced over a period of nearly 200 years, as well as all laws and public measures relating to the same which were published from 1651 to 1836). Forfatterens: Odense (Denmark), 1837. Page 444.
6. Researcher	Dominik Jacobs
7. Year of Research	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 5, 1745
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Regulations prohibiting the entry of begging Jews (Bettel-Juden) into the city.
3. Geography of Act	Free Imperial City of Hamburg
4. Text of Act	Begging Jews,… should not be allowed in at the gates and barriers of this city, nor at the border crossings in the countryside, even if they have already been given health certificates, but should be turned away everywhere, and if necessary, driven back by force.
5. Source	“Sammlung der von Einem Hochedlen Rathe der Stadt Hamburg so wol zur Handhabung der Gesetze und Verfassungen als bey besonderen Eräugnissen ... welcher die Verfugungen von 1731 bis 1750 [Collection of the Regulations issued by a High Noble Council of the City of Hamburg for the Administration of Laws and Constitutions as well as for Special Events ... which contain the Regulations from 1731 to 1750,]” Volume 3, J. C. Piscator, Hamburg, 1764, pp. 1493-1494, available from archive.org.
6. Researcher	Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research	2025
8. Notes	Translator The text of this Act is available in German in the source above. It was translated using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Mar. 13, 1745
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Decree, issued by William VIII, Landgrave of Hesse
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	1. We order that henceforth, the manufacturers of woolen fabrics at Hanau shall have the first right of refusal regarding all purchases of wool in Our lands between May 1 and July 1 of every year, according to the following rules. 2. During said period, no Jew in Our lands shall dare to purchase any wool, or advance any money against it to Our subjects. 3. In case one Jew or another shall act in violation of this decree, his wool shall be confiscated, in addition to other punishments, depending on the case. 4. The Jews of Hanau may buy any leftover domestic wool as of July 1, and trade it within Our lands and without.
5. Source	“Von Gottes Gnaden Wir Wilhelm, Landgraf zu Hessen, Fürst zu Herßfeld... [We, Wilhelm, by God’s Mercy Landgrave of Hesse, Prince of Hersfeld…],” 3/13/1745; Decrees Collection; AR 379; Box 1; Folder 76; Leo Baeck Institute.
6. Researcher	Dominik Jacobs
7. Year of Research	2019
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 23, 1745
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Restrictions on Jewish activities on Sundays.
3. Geography of Act	Free Imperial City of Hamburg
4. Text of Act	The Lords of the Wedde have been instructed to ensure that the Jews neither cut up meat nor carry and sell milk among themselves on Sundays and during church services, and also to ensure that the fish market held on Sundays before the sermon at the Schar Gate is so restricted that no annoyance arises from it.
5. Source	“Sammlung der von Einem Hochedlen Rathe der Stadt Hamburg so wol zur Handhabung der Gesetze und Verfassungen als bey besonderen Eräugnissen ... welcher die Verfugungen von 1731 bis 1750 [Collection of the Regulations issued by a High Noble Council of the City of Hamburg for the Administration of Laws and Constitutions as well as for Special Events ... which contain the Regulations from 1731 to 1750,]” Volume 3, J. C. Piscator, Hamburg, 1764, p. 1508, available from archive.org.
6. Researcher	Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research	2025
8. Notes	Translator The text of this Act is available in German in the source above. It was translated using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 6, 1745
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Ordinance” issued Prince-Bishop Clemens
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Prince-Bishopric of Paderborn
4. Text of Act	[…] Jews are only permitted to keep one servant with whom they are not to share their profits.
5. Source	Die Provinzial- und statutarischen Rechte in der preußischen Monarchie. Dargestellt vom wirklichen Geheimen Rath von Kamptz. Zweiter Theil. Die Provinzen: Pommern und Westphalen. (The provincial and legal statutes of the Prussian monarchie. Presented by the true secret council von Kamptz. Second Volume. The provinces: Pomerania and Westphalia.); (Berlin; 1827);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2019
8. Notes	Researcher It is unclear from the text why Clemens forbade Jews to share their profits with their servants.

1. Full Date of Act	1746
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Rescript Restricting the Peddling of Jews" issued by the Prussian Government referring to a Royal Saxon Law from 8/16/1746
3. Geography of Act	Prussia
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "In response to an inquiry by a Jewish merchant to receive permission to sell linen from door to door, the government refers to a Royal Saxon Law from 8/16/1746 which prohibits Jews from selling merchants from door to door and that this law is still deemed valid in Saxony." Heinemann, Jeremias.: Sammlung der religiösen und bürgerliche Verfassung der Juden in den königl. Preuß Staaten betreffend den Gesetze, Vervordnungen, Gutaschten, Berichte und Erkenntinisse. 1831; p. 45
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	Translator This is dated 8/15/1829

1. Full Date of Act	Jun. 3, 1746
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Rescript, issued by Christian VI, King of Denmark and Norway, for the Magistrate of Copenhagen
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Denmark
4. Text of Act	It is ordered that henceforth, no Jew shall be allowed to settle down in Copenhagen, unless he dutifully complies with one of the two requirements of the September 2, 1726 rescript, viz., either to build a new home, or to set up a new manufacture.
5. Source	Cohen, Asser Daniel. De Mosaiske troesbekjenderes stilling i Danmark forhen og nu: historisk fremstillet i et tidsløb af naesten 200 aar, tilligemed alle lovsteder og offentlige foranstaltninger dem angaande, som ere udkomne fra 1651 til 1836. (The position of the Mosaic believers in Denmark, before and now: historically produced over a period of nearly 200 years, as well as all laws and public measures relating to the same which were published from 1651 to 1836) Forfatterens: Odense, 1837. Page 21.
6. Researcher	Dominik Jacobs
7. Year of Research	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Sep. 12, 1746
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Senate of Hamburg Resolution regarding the activities of Jewish children and youth.
3. Geography of Act	Free Imperial City of Hamburg
4. Text of Act	The Jewish elders should ensure that Jewish children and boys do not run around the streets and cause mischief … so that all opportunities for discord and quarrelling are avoided. … The elders should also take the necessary measures to put a decisive stop to the increasingly widespread and objectionable misconduct, ensuring that Jews would no longer associate with Christian youth, and cheat them by buying and selling other people's lottery tickets and other worthless things.
5. Source	“Sammlung der von Einem Hochedlen Rathe der Stadt Hamburg so wol zur Handhabung der Gesetze und Verfassungen als bey besonderen Eräugnissen ... welcher die Verfugungen von 1731 bis 1750 [Collection of the Regulations issued by a High Noble Council of the City of Hamburg for the Administration of Laws and Constitutions as well as for Special Events ... which contain the Regulations from 1731 to 1750,]” Volume 3, J. C. Piscator, Hamburg, 1764, p. 1584, available from archive.org.
6. Researcher	Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research	2025
8. Notes	Translator The text of this Act is available in German in the source above. It was translated using Google translate and chatgpt.com.

1. Full Date of Act	Sep. 18, 1746
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Expulsion of the Jews from the Kingdom of Sicily by King Charles Bourbon September 18, 1746
3. Geography of Act	Italy
4. Text of Act	... Those few Jews who came here without money, without capital, without credit, and not with any other quality, or talent for business other than their accustomed greed in enriching themselves by way of extraordinary instances of usury, and other illegitimate means, succeeded in becoming a strong obstacle to the growth of commerce, and an inconvenience, a burden and a scandal to our People. The experience of all this which we have had in the course of six years unbinds us from the obligation of every gracious promise... Their despicable behavior has always been the root of the instability of their fortune...a Nation that, too persistent in their superstitions, cannot long coexist without prejudice to human Society...A prudent council then requiring an apportioning of the provisions to the situation, in consideration of the notorious drawbacks derived from the pernicious residence of Jews to commerce, to the good order, to our most holy Religion, and to the peace and edification of the Citizens, we revoke and annul all the graces and privileges, immunities, and exemptions accorded to the Jewish Nation, ordering every and all Jews to leave our Kingdom in the space of nine months.
5. Source	Mario Stock, La rassegna mensile di Israel (The Monthly Review of Israel); “L'editto di espulsione degli ebrei dal Regno di Napoli (1510) e la loro breve riammissione nel Settecento” ("The edict of expulsion of the Jews from the Kingdom of Naples (1510) and their brief readmission in the sixteenth century"); Jstor.org; Accessed online
6. Researcher & Translator	Michael De Sapio
7. Year of Research & Translation	2018
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Oct. 25, 1746
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Rescript" issued by King Fredrick II of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Prussia
4. Text of Act	Rescript announcing the existing ordinance that apprentices [servants] must leave Berlin for at least three years in order to be permitted to marry the daughter of a Jew under protection in Berlin [to make sure that Jews do not start to compete with their 'master/teacher' in the same city].
5. Source	Stern, Selma: Der Preussische Staat und die Juden, Dritter Teil, 2. Akten, 1. Halbband (The Prussian State and the Jews) (1971) Page 181.
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2015
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Nov. 11, 1746
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Ordinance" issued by King Fredrick II of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Prussia
4. Text of Act	In response to the ordinance from March 28, it is decided that 1) only Jews who have a valid 'Privilege' are to be accepted as citizens. 2) after the death of the father, the 'Privilege" is to be transferred to the first child; however, the second child is allowed to remain in the country as a protected Jews. The title ('Privilege') can be transferred to nearest oldest children, should the older die. However, if the first two children die after the death of the father, the privilege cannot be transferred to any of the other siblings. 3) no additional children [other than the first two] are to be accepted/admitted [in the land]. 4) it's left up to the father to decide which of this two children are to inherit the 'Privilege.' 5) To ensure that the issue pertaining to the inheritance [of the 'Privilege'] are secured, the Advisors Manitius, v. Reinhardt and v. Ziegler are to meet with the Commission to go over the tables again to note any potential discrepancy or duplicates.
5. Source	Stern, Selma: Der Preussische Staat und die Juden, Dritter Teil, 2. Akten, 1. Halbband (The Prussian State and the Jews) (1971) Page 182.
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2015
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1747
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	"Toleration Taxation of Jews" issued by Empress Maria Theresa
3. Geography of Act	Habsburg Empire
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) "Jews were forced to pay "toleration taxes" and were subject to persecution." "Hungary Virtual Jewish History Tour;" jewishvirtuallibrary.org2) In 1747, during the reign of Empress Maria Theresa, the Jews of Hungary were taxed for the privilege of remaining in the empire, and were threatened with expulsion if they did not pay. JewishGen. Hungary: Assorted Census Records, 1781-1850; Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc., (2008) wikipedia.org
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1747
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Order issued by Pope Benedict XIV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Italy [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	“Should a Christian find a Jewish child in danger of death, he will certainly do something praiseworthy and most pleasurable to God by procuring eternal health for the child through baptismal water.”
5. Source	“The Popes Against the Jews; The Vatican’s Role in the Rise of Modern Anti-Semitism.” David I. Kertzer. Page 50
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	None
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 14, 1747
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Jews prohibited to stay in Christian homes” decree of the Lower-Austrian government to the general judges of the suburbs of Vienna
3. Geography of Act	Archdukedom of Austria; Present-day Austria
4. Text of Act	[…] all home owners are ordered in all seriousness that henceforth, no Jew, is allowed to stay in a Christian home, no matter who he is, let alone stay over night without the specific authorization of the government, whether he has a 'passing permit' (Passierzettel) or not, much less to stay for a while or overnight […] and they along with those home owners are to be reported to the judges and to be arrested [… the judges are to] report them to the Councils and Commissionaires [if they fail to do this] both judges and home owners are to be held accountable.
5. Source	Braumüller, Wilhelm: Urkunden und Akten zur Geschichte der Juden in Wien. Erste Abteilung. Allgemeiner Teil 1526-1847. Erster Band. (Wien) 1918; p. 329 ff.
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2016
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jan. 15, 1747
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Edict, issued by Frederick II, King of Prussia
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	As We have come to know, with great disdain, that more often than not, stolen goods are readily and cheaply purchased by Jews, who are frequently eager to resell this loot, thus further encouraging the thieves, it has become necessary to put an end to this mischief. If in the future, one Jew or another should dare to buy stolen goods for himself or for resale, the same shall, upon discovery of the act, lose not only his own privileges given by his letter of protection; rather, his whole family, covered under the letter, shall lose their privileges, the letter itself shall be revoked and confiscated, and the contravening Jew shall be removed from the country, along with his family. In addition, the Jewish offender shall be made to pay full restitution to the lawful owner of the stolen goods. Should he be unable to pay these damages, then the officials of the town in which the Jew resides shall compel the other local Jews to pay the value of the stolen items in the offender’s stead.
5. Source	Mylius, Christian Otto (ed.). Corporis Constitutionum Marchicarum Continuatio III. Derer in der Chur und Marck Brandenburg, auch incorporirten Landen, ergangenen Edicten, Mandaten, Rescripten &c. von 1745 bis 1747, inclusive. Mit Königl. Preußischen Privilegio (Third Continuation of the Body of Edicts, Mandates, Rescripts etc. Issued in the Electorate and March of Brandenburg, as well as Incorporated Lands, from 1745 through 1747. With Royal-Prussian Privileges). Buchladen des Waysenhauses: Berlin, 1748. Cols. 137ff.
6. Researcher	Dominik Jacobs
7. Year of Research	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Feb. 9, 1747
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Ordinance” issued by the City Council of Frankfurt
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Free Imperial City of Frankfurt
4. Text of Act	[…] in the future, no more than 3 Jewish-doctors (‘Juden-Medicos’) shall be permitted here […] and that one is to order Jewish heads of community (‘Baumeister’) not to exceed this number or to hire more of them without the permission of the noble council […] Furthermore, the consensus/counting and estimation office (‘Recheney- und Schatzungsamt’) shall see to it that no new person may be added [to the registry without proper research and permission of the authorities […]
5. Source	Versuch einer Einleitung in die Staatsverfassung er Reichsstadt Frankfurt. Zweyter Theil. (Abschnitt 4); von Johann Anton von Moritz. (Introductory attempt of the State Constitution of the Imperial City of Frankfurt. Part two. By Johann Anton von Moritz. (Section 4)); (Frankfurt a. Main; 1786);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	May 26, 1747
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Ordinance, passed by the City Council of Helmstedt
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany
4. Text of Act	For the duration of all annual markets and fairs, Jews shall not be allowed to enter the city; should they wish to travel through the city during such time, as opposed to going around, they shall be escorted by the gate-keepers from one city gate to the other. Any Jews who dare to circumvent this prohibition shall not only have their wares confiscated, but shall also be subjected to firm punishment.
5. Source	“Wir Fürstlicher Braunschweig-Lüneburgische Gerichts-Schuldheiß, und Bürgermeistere und Rath der Stadt Helmstädt, fügen hiemit zu wissen... [We, the Royal Court Clerk of Brunswick-Luneburg, and the Mayor and Council of the City of Helmstädt, herewith make known…],” 5/26/1747; Decrees Collection; AR 379; Box 1; Folder 60; Leo Baeck Institute.
6. Researcher	Dominik Jacobs
7. Year of Research	2019
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Jul. 20, 1747
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Order” issued by the government of the Prince-Bishopric
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany; Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg
4. Text of Act	Jews are prohibited to do business on Sundays and holy-days or to stay overnight in the city of Würzburg.
5. Source	Wirzburgische Chronik derer lezteren Zeiten von P. Ignacio Gropp. (Wirzburg; 1750); (Chronicle of Würzburg’s past by P. Ignacio Gropp.); (Würzburg; 1750);
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 5, 1747
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Order” issued Frederick Augustus, King of Poland, Elector of Saxony, Duke of Lithuania and addressed to all Commissions (‘Commißarien’)
3. Geography of Act	Europe (multi-countries)
4. Text of Act	Dear faithful. Since we have noticed that various Jews, who stay a few days in the cities of Our Electorate of Saxony, are not submitting the capitation-tax […] which is why we wish to order you herewith that the Accis*-administrators (‘Accis-Thorschreiber’) in the cities entrusted to you examine closely whether the Jews, who stay a few days [in such cities] pay the head-tax, and not to permit such Jews to pass through (enter these cities) if they cannot produce a receipt […] until they have paid the capitation-tax […].
5. Source	Codex Augusteus, Oder Neuvermehrtes Corpus Juris Saxonici, Worinnen die in dem Churfürstenthum Sachsen und dazu gehörigen Landen, auch denen Marggrafthümern Ober- und Nieder-Lausitz, publicirte und ergangene Constitutiones, Decisiones, Mandata und Verordnungen erhaltenen, nebst einem Elencho, dienlichen Summarien und vollkommenen Registern, mit Ihrer königlichen Majestät in Polen, als Churfürstens zu Sachsen, allergnädigster Bewilligung ans Licht getreten. Lejpzeig, Verlegtes Johann Samuel Heinsius. (Lejpzig; 1772); (Codex Augustus, or newly augmented legal body/laws of Saxony, and those of the Electorate of Saxony and its associated territories, as well as the Margraviates of Upper and Lower Lusatia - and constitutions, decisions, mandates, and received ordinances, along with an elenchus, useful summaries and complete indexes which have appeared, with the most gracious permission of His Royal Majesty in Poland as Elector of Saxony. Published in Leipzig by Johnn Samuel Heinsius; (Leipzig; 1772)
6. Researcher & Translator	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research & Translation	2020
8. Notes	Editor Present-day Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary Researcher *Accis (Latin) was an indirect form of taxation.

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 8, 1747
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	General Rescript on the additions to the craft regulations for coppersmiths.
3. Geography of Act	Duchy of Württemberg
4. Text of Act	Dispensation does not allow any new master craftsman, or the others who have only trained young men, to take on a young man as an apprentice before the expiration of three years, nor does it allow this master coppersmith to sell new copper goods to coopers or Jews.
5. Source	A. L. Reyscher (ed.), “Vollständige, Historisch und Kritisch Bearbeitete Sammlung der Württembergischen Gesetze [Complete, Historically and Critically Edited Collection of Württemberg Laws],” Volume 14, Tübingen, 1843, p. 325, available online from archive.org.
6. Researcher	Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research	2025
8. Notes	Translator The text of this Act is available in German in the source above. It was translated using Google translate.

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 8, 1747
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	General-Rescript on additions to the craft regulations concerning coppersmiths
3. Geography of Act	Duchy of Württemberg
4. Text of Act	No coppersmith master may sell new copper goods to coppersmiths or Jews.
5. Source	“Sammlung der Württembergischen Regierungs-Gesetze, [Collection of Württemberg Government Laws],” Part 3, Tübingen, 1843, p. 325, available from books.google.com.
6. Researcher	Kate Wraith
7. Year of Research	2024
8. Notes	Translator The text of this Act is available in German in the source above. It was translated using Google translate.