Unconfirmed Acts

The following are Acts that are missing either a full date and/or an Official source.

Displaying 200 – 225 of 742

1. Full Date of Act	1239
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	King Henry III
3. Geography of Act	England
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “In 1239, King Henry III ordered all of England’s Jews to turn over a third of their belongings and assets to the crown; Jews who couldn’t pay were imprisoned in the Tower of London while their property was seized.” Dr. Yvette Alt Miller, “The Most Famous Jewish Woman in Medieval England,” aish.com
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	N/A
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1240
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Papal Bull” issued by Gregory IX
3. Geography of Act	Papal States; Present-day Italy
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) Ordered all Jewish books in Castile to be seized on the first Saturday in Lent while Jews were in synagogues. A Descriptive Record of the History, Religion, Literature, and Customs of the Jewish People from the Earliest Times to the Present Day; The Jewish Encyclopedia
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	N/A
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1241
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Levies Against Jews” issued by King Henry III
3. Geography of Act	England
4. Text of Act	Commentary from Other Sources: 1) In England, first series of royal levies against Jewish finances, which forced the Jews to sell their debts to non-Jews at cut prices. Avraham, Yerachmiel Ben: All in the Name of Jesus: The Murder of Millions (2016)
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	N/A
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1242
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Jews Expelled from Berkhampstead Around 1242
3. Geography of Act	England
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “Simon de Montfort … issued an edict expelling the Jews from his home city of Leicester. This proved to be the start of a host of expulsions from various cities and towns – …” Langham, Raphael: The Jews in Britain: A chronology, p. 18
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	N/A
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1244 C.E.
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Statutum de Iudaismo, issued by King Henry III of England
3. Geography of Act	England [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	““The justices appointed for the protection of the Jews are ordered, as soon as they read this letter, to cause to be proclaimed throughout all the counties of England where there may be Jews that if a Jewess, the wife of any Jew, or their children, fly, or take to flight, or in any way skulk from the village where they were on the festival of St. Andrew, in the twenty-ninth year of that reign, up to the year following: so that if they did not promptly appear, at the summons of the king, or of his bailiffs, in the bailiwicks in which they dwelt, that the husband of that Jewess, and even the Jewess herself, and all their children, shall be presently outlawed; and all their lands, revenues, and all their chattels, shall come into the hands of the king, and be sold, for the assistance of the king, and for the future, they shall not return into the kingdom of England, without the king’s special orders.””
5. Source	Close rolls of the reign of Henry III preserved in the Public Record Office, London : H. M. Stationery Office, 1902-1938, Vol. 5 (1242-47), p. 275, Accessed online
6. Researcher	Dominik Jacobs
7. Year of Research	2016
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1244
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Impia gens” (“Impious Nation”) issued by Pope Innocent IV
3. Geography of Act	Papal States; Present-day Italy
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) Pope Innocent ordered Louis IX of France to burn all copies of the Talmud. This order was repeated in 1248 and 1254. Green, Jonathan and Nicholas J. Karolides (Reviser): Encyclopedia of Censorship; (New York; 2005)
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	N/A
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1244
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Jews Expelled from Newbury Around 1244
3. Geography of Act	England
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “Simon de Montfort … issued an edict expelling the Jews from his home city of Leicester. This proved to be the start of a host of expulsions from various cities and towns – …” Langham, Raphael: The Jews in Britain: A chronology, p. 18
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	N/A
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1246 C.E.
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Orders of Confiscation issued by Louis IX
3. Geography of Act	France [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	““[…] 2. However, from those we held captive who are our Jews, since we wish to have from them as much as possible, you should seize goods […]. 4. We also order and command you to not compel anyone to repay debts to the Jews and receive nothing of debts which Christians owe to Jews.””
5. Source	La collection Doat, CLIII, fol 243. Accessed online
6. Researcher	Franziska Wagener
7. Year of Research	2016
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	May 1246 C.E.
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Canons issued by Council of Bezier
3. Geography of Act	France [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	“No member of the religion of Moses shall physic a Christian.”
5. Source	“Twelve centuries of Jewish persecution: a brief outline of the sufferings of the Hebrew race in Christian lands, together with some account of the different laws and specific restrictions under which they have ar various times been placed.” Gustav Pearlson. Page 200
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	N/A
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1250
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Papal Bull” issued by Pope Innocent IV
3. Geography of Act	Papal States; Present-day Italy
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) Refused permission to Jews of Cordova to build a new synagogue. Jewish Encyclopedia: The Popes, jewishencyclopedia.com
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	N/A
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 1251 C.E.
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Writ of Conrad IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	““Conrad IV pledges to Gotfried von Hohenloch for 3000 Mark silver the city Rotenburg and its Jews along with Gebsattel.” ”
5. Source	Regesten zur Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland während des Mittelalters. Bearbeitet von Dr. M. Wiener. Erster Teil. (Regesta regarding the history of Jews in Germany during the Middle Ages. Edited by M[eir] Wiener, PhD. First Part.); (Hannover; 1862);
6. Researcher	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research	2020
8. Notes	Researcher The above is a translation of a German summary of the original Latin text. The original can be found in Stälin’s Wirtembergische Geschichte (History of Württemberg).

1. Full Date of Act	1252
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Ad Extirpanda” Bull issued by Pope Innocent IV
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Italy
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “…in 1252, Pope Innocent IV authorizes the use of torture by the Inquisitors against Jews and other apostates.” “Jewish Persecution.” Online article
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	N/A
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1254 C.E.
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Regulations of Ottocar” (“Codex Juris Municipiorum”) issued by Ottocar
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Czech Republic [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	““[…] 1) Jews may take interest at a rate of 5 pfennig in the mark, 6 pfennig in the pound, and 1 pfennig in 30. 2) When a Jew is a plaintiff against a Christian, he must produce Christian as well as Jewish witnesses, and vice versa. 3) A Jew found with an unmarried Christian woman shall be sentenced to death. 4) A Jew found with a married Christian woman shall be sentenced to death. 5) Blood-stained garments may not be taken in pledge. 6) A Christian killing a Jew shall be sentenced to death. 7) A Jew taking an ecclesiastical vessel in pledge shall surrender it on demand without reimbursement. 8) A Jew called upon to take an oath in a lawsuit concerning a Christian shall swear by the Pentateuch. […]” ”
5. Source	The Jewish Encyclopedia: The History, Religion Literature, and Customs of the Jewish People From the Earliest Times to the Present Day; edited by Isidore Singer; New York/London;
6. Researcher	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research	2018
8. Notes	Researcher Charles IV confirmed Ottocar’s regulations in 1356 and King Wenceslaus IV renewed them in 1393.

1. Full Date of Act	1255
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Jews Sold” by Henry III
3. Geography of Act	England
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) Henry III of England sells his rights to the Jews (regarded as royal “chattels”) to his brother Richard for 5,000 marks. Avraham, Yerachmiel Ben: All in the Name of Jesus: The Murder of Millions (2016)
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	N/A
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1255
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Blood libel
3. Geography of Act	England
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “Life was incredibly hard for England’s Jews at the time. The first instance of a blood libel – where Jews were accused of killing a Christian child in order to use his blood in Jewish rituals – occurred in 1144 in the English town of Norwich. A second blood libel took place in 1255 – during Licoricia’s lifetime – when the body of a young child was found in a well in the town of Lincoln. The boy’s friends accused local Jews of kidnapping, torturing and murdering the child. Lincoln’s sheriff arrested over 90 Jews; 18 were executed. Both of the children at the centers of these blood libels were made into saints (St. William of Norwich and St. Hugh of Lincoln), stoking Christian hatred of local Jews still further.” Dr. Yvette Alt Miller, “The Most Famous Jewish Woman in Medieval England,” aish.com
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	N/A
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1257 C.E.
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Episcopal constitution of the Diocese of Salisbury
3. Geography of Act	Present-day United Kingdom [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	““Jews of our diocese may not employ any Christian women as wet-nurses, midwives, or damnably venture to retain them in other servile occupations; or have sexual relations with a Christian woman, thus scandalizing our faith. Any Jew who confesses to such a crime or is convicted of it, shall be cut off from all intercourse with the Christian community by ecclesiastical censure.””
5. Source	Grayzel, Solomon. The Church and the Jews in the XIIIth Century, Volume II (1254-1315). The Jewish Theological Seminary of America: New York, 1989. Page 241.
6. Researcher	Dominik Jacobs
7. Year of Research	2019
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1259
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Expulsion of Jews” by Henry III
3. Geography of Act	France
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “Expulsion of all Jews from Brabant under the order of Henry III – except those living by trade.” Emil G. Hirsch, Jules Oppert, J. Frederic McCurdy, Richard Gottheil, Joseph Jacobs etc: A Descriptive Record of the History, Religion, Literature, and Customs of the Jewish People from the Earliest Times to the Present Day; The Jewish Encyclopedia
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	N/A
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1259 C.E.
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Canon 8, issued by the Provincial Council of Mainz (formerly called Mayence)
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Germany [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	““[…] Should any of the afore-mentioned [Jewish] people be seen on Good Friday, in the street, in the doorway of his house, or in the windows, to which two Christians will testify, he shall be compelled to give a silver mark to the local diocese by way of punishment.””
5. Source	Mansi, G. Domenico., Baluze, E., Petit, L., Cossart, G., Martin, J. Baptiste., Labbe, P. Sacrorum conciliorum, nova et amplissima collectio (Holy Councils, New and Improved Collection). Paris: H. Welter, 1903. Vol. 23, Col.1000.
6. Researcher	Dominik Jacobs
7. Year of Research	2019
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1260 C.E.
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Canon law by the Council of Arles, issued to the Republic of Florence
3. Geography of Act	Present-day France, Italy [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	““Jews are to wear a special habit, which must be distinguishable from the round capes of clerics.””
5. Source	Grayzel, Solomon. The Church and the Jews in the XIIIth Century, Volume II (1254-1315). The Jewish Theological Seminary of America: New York, 1989. Page 243.
6. Researcher	Dominik Jacobs
7. Year of Research	2019
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1261 C.E.
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Writ” issued by Duke Henry III of Brabant, year 1261
3. Geography of Act	Duchy of Brabant [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	““[…] all Jews [… must] be expelled from […] Brabat. They are to be totally extirpated (rooted out, destroyed completely) until not even one remains, unless they […] engage in commerce after the fashion of other merchants and agree to cease their practice of money-lending and usury.””
5. Source	Jewish Virtual Library. Belgium. West European kingdom. The Medieval Community. www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org; Accessed online
6. Researcher	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research	2018
8. Notes	Researcher This order is stated in Duke Henry’s will.

1. Full Date of Act	1263
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Jews Expelled from Derby
3. Geography of Act	England
4. Text of Act	Commentary from other sources: 1) “Simon de Montfort … issued an edict expelling the Jews from his home city of Leicester. This proved to be the start of a host of expulsions from various cities and towns – …” Langham, Raphael: The Jews in Britain: A chronology, p. 18
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	N/A
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1264
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Papal Bull” of Pope Clement IV
3. Geography of Act	Papal States; Present-day Italy
4. Text of Act	Commentary from Other Sources: 1) Pope Clement IV assigns Talmud censorship committee. Avraham, Yerachmiel Ben: All in the Name of Jesus: The Murder of Millions (2016)
5. Source	None
6. Researcher	None
7. Year of Research	N/A
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	1265
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Jewish Decree” issued by Duke Henry
3. Geography of Act	Margrave of Meissen; Present-day Germany [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	“(1) A Jew bringing an action against a Christian must produce as witnesses two Christians and one Jew, men of good repute. (2) A Christian bringing an action against a Jew must produce as witnesses two Jews and one Christian. (3) Any pledge may be taken without a witness. (4) A Jew who denies having received a pledge, and is subsequently found with it in his possession, is forced to surrender it, but is not punished. (5) Bail for a Jew is fixed at one gold mark for the imperial court, one gold mark for the margrave, one silver mark for the margrave’s chamberlain, and one pound of pepper for each of the lower judges.”
5. Source	Joseph Jacobs, Schulim Ochser: Jewish Encyclopedia: Saxony
6. Researcher	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research	2016
8. Notes	None

1. Full Date of Act	Aug. 28, 1265
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	“Las Siete Partidas” (The Seven-Part Code”) on the order of Alfonso X, 8/28/1265*
3. Geography of Act	Spain [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	““[…] LAW II. […] Jews should pass their lives among Christians quietly and without disorder, practicing their own religious rites, and not speaking ill of the faith of Our Lord Jesus Christ, which Christians acknowledge. Moreover, a Jew should be very careful to avoid preaching to, or converting any Christian, to the end that he may become a Jew, by exalting his own belief and disparaging ours. Whoever violates this law shall be put to death and lose all his property. And because we have heard it said that in some places Jews celebrated, and still celebrate Good Friday, which commemorates the Passion of Our Lord Jesus Christ, by way of contempt: stealing children and fastening them to crosses, and making images of wax and crucifying them, when they cannot obtain children; we order that, hereafter, if in any part of our dominions anything like this is done, and can be proved, all persons who were present when the act was committed shall be seized, arrested and brought before the king; and after the king ascertains that they are guilty, he shall cause them to be put to death in a disgraceful manner, no matter how many there may be. We also forbid any Jew to dare to leave his house or his quarter on Good Friday, but they must all remain shut up until Saturday morning; and if they violate this regulation, we decree that they shall not be entitled to reparation for any injury or dishonor inflicted upon them by Christians. LAW III, NO JEW CAN HOLD ANY OFFICE OR EMPLOYMENT BY WHICH HE MAY BE ABLE TO OPPRESS CHRISTIANS Jews were formerly highly honored, and enjoyed privileges above all other races, for they alone were called the People of God. But for the reason that they disowned Him who had honored them and given them privileges; and instead of showing Him reverence humiliated Him, by shamefully putting Him to death on the cross; it was proper and just that, on account of the great crime and wickedness which they committed, they should forfeit the honors and privileges which they enjoyed; and therefore from the day when they crucified Our Lord Jesus Christ they never had either king or priests among themselves, as they formerly did. The emperors, who in former times were lords of all the world, considered it fitting and right that, on account of the treason which they committed in killing their lord, they should lose all said honors and privileges, so that no Jew could ever afterwards hold an honorable position, or a public office by means of which he might, in any way, oppress a Christian. LAW IV. HOW JEWS CAN HAVE A SYNAGOGUE AMONG CHRISTIANS A synagogue is a place where the Jews pray, and a new building of this kind cannot be erected in any part of our dominions, except by our order. Where, however, those that formerly existed there are torn down, they can be built in the same spot where they originally stood; but they cannot be made any larger or raised to any greater height, or be painted. A synagogue constructed in any other manner shall be lost by the Jews, and shall belong to the principal church of the locality where it is built. And for the reason that a synagogue is a place where the name of God is praised, we forbid any Christian to deface it, or remove anything from it, or take anything out of it by force; except where some malefactor takes refuge there; for they have a right to remove him by force in order to bring him before the judge. Moreover, we forbid Christians to put any animal into a synagogue, or loiter in it, or place any hindrance in the way of the Jews while they are there performing their devotions according to their religion. LAW V. NO COMPULSION SHALL BE BROUGHT TO BEAR UPON THE JEWS ON SATURDAY, AND WHAT JEWS CAN BE SUBJECT TO COMPULSION Saturday is the day on which Jews perform their devotions, and remain quiet in their lodgings and do not make contracts or transact any business; and for the reason that they are obliged by their religion to keep its no one should on that day summon them or bring them into court. Wherefore we order that no judge shall employ force or any constraint upon Jews on Saturday, in order to bring them into court on account of their debts; or arrest them; or cause them any other annoyance; for the remaining days of the week are sufficient for the purpose of employing compulsion against them, and for making demands for things which can be demanded of them according to law. Jews are not bound to obey a summons served upon them on that day; and, moreover, we decree that any decision rendered against them on Saturday shall not be valid; but if a Jew should wound, kill, rob, steal, or commit any other offense like these for which he can be punished in person and property, then the judge can arrest him on Saturday. We also decree that all claims that Christians have against Jews, and Jews against Christians, shall be decided and determined by our judges in the district where they reside, and not by their old men. And as we forbid Christians to bring Jews into court or annoy them on Saturday; so we also decree that Jews, neither in person, nor by their attorneys, shall have the right to bring Christians into court, or annoy them on this day. And in addition to this, we forbid any Christian, on his own responsibility, to arrest or wrong any Jew either in his person or property, but where he has any complaint against him he must bring it before our judges; and if anyone should be so bold as to use violence against the Jews, or rob them of anything, he shall return them double the value of the same. LAW VI. JEWS WHO BECOME CHRISTIANS SHALL NOT BE SUBJECT TO COMPULSION; WHAT ADVANTAGE A JEW HAS WHO BECOME A CHRISTIAN; AND WHAT PENALTY OTHER JEWS DESERVE WHO DO HIM HARM No force or compulsion shall be employed in any way against a Jew to induce him to become a Christian; but Christians should convert him to the faith of Our Lord Jesus Christ by means of the texts of the Holy Scriptures, and by kind words, for no one can love or appreciate a service which is done him by compulsion. We also decree that if any Jew or Jewess should voluntarily desire to become a Christian, the other Jews shall not interfere with this in any way, and if they stone, wound, or kill any such person, because he wishes to become a Christian, or after he has been baptized, and this can be proved; we order that all the murderers, or the abettors of said murder or attack, shall be burned. But where the party was not killed, but wounded, or dishonored; we order the judges of the neighborhood where this took place shall compel those guilty of the attack, or who caused the dishonor, to make amends to him for the same; and also that they be punished for the offense which the committed, as they think they deserve; and we also order that, after any Jews become Christians, all persons in our dominions shall honor them; and that no one shall dare to reproach them or their descendants, by way of insult, with having been Jews; and that they shall possess all their property, sharing the same with their brothers and inheriting it from their fathers and mothers and other relatives just as if they were Jews; and that they can hold all offices and dignities which other Christians can do. LAW VII. WHAT PENALTY A CHRISTIAN DESERVES WHO BECOMES A JEW Where a Christian is so unfortunate as to become a Jew, we order that he shall be put to death just as if he had become a heretic; and we decree that his property shall be disposed of in the same way that we stated should be done with that of heretics. LAW VIII. NO CHRISTIAN, MAN OR WOMAN SHALL LIVE WITH A JEW We forbid any Jew to keep Christian men or women in his house, to be served by them; although he may have them to cultivate and take care of his lands, or protect him on the way when he is compelled to go to some dangerous place. Moreover, we forbid any Christian man or woman to invite a Jew or a Jewess, or to accept an invitation from them, to eat or drink together, or to drink any wine made by their hands. We also order that no Jews shall dare to bathe in company with Christians, and that no Christian shall take any medicine or cathartic made by a Jew; but he can take it by the advice of some intelligent person, only where it is made by a Christian, who knows and is familiar with its ingredients. LAW IX. WHAT PENALTY A JEW DESERVES WHO HAS INTERCOURSE WITH A CHRISTIAN WOMAN Jews who live with Christian women are guilty of great insolence and boldness, for which reason we decree that all Jews who, hereafter, may be convicted of having done such a thing shall be put to death. For if Christians who commit adultery with married women deserve death on that account, much more do Jews who have sexual intercourse with Christian women, who are spiritually the wives of Our Lord Jesus Christ because of the faith and the baptism which they receive in His name; nor do we consider it proper that a Christian woman who commits an offense of this kind shall escape without punishment. Wherefore we order that, whether she be a virgin, a married woman, a widow, or a common prostitute Who gives herself to all men, she shall suffer the same penalty which we mentioned in the last law in the Title concerning the Moors, to which a Christian woman is liable who has carnal intercourse with a Moor. LAW X. WHAT PENALTY JEWS DESERVE WHO HOLD CHRISTIANS AS SLAVES A Jew shall not purchase, or keep as a slave, a Christian man or woman, and if anyone violates this law the Christian shall be restored to freedom and shall not pay any portion of the price given for him, although the Jew may not have been aware when he bought him, that he was a Christian; but if he knew that he was such when he purchased him, and makes use of him afterwards as a slave, he shall be put to death for doing so. Moreover, we forbid any Jew to convert a captive to his religion, even though said captive may be a Moor, or belong to some other barbarous race. If anyone violates this law we order that the said slave who has become a Jew shall be set at liberty, and removed from the control of the party to whom he or she belonged. If any Moors who are the captives of Jews become Christians, they shall at once be freed, as is explained in the Fourth Partida of this book, in the Title concerning Liberty, in the laws, which treat of this subject. LAW XI. JEWS SHALL BEAR CERTAIN MARKS IN ORDER THAT THEY MAY BE KNOWN Many crimes and outrageous things occur between Christians and Jews because they live together in cities, and dress alike; and in order to avoid the offenses and evils which take place for this reason, We deem it proper, and we order that all Jews, male and female, living In our dominions shall bear some distinguishing mark upon their heads so that people may plainly recognize a Jew, or a Jewess; and any Jew who does not bear such a mark, shall pay for each time he is found without it ten maravedis of gold; and if he has not the means to do this he shall receive ten lashes for his offense.” ”
5. Source	Fordham University: Medieval Sourcebook: Las Siete Partidas; Accessed online
6. Researcher	Ziba Shadjaani
7. Year of Research	2018
8. Notes	Researcher The Partidas was probably written between June 26, 1256, and August 28, 1265, according to the oldest text. It was compiled by Castilian jurists under the direction of Alfonso X. However, other dates have been proposed by experts, such as 1254-1261; 1256 to 1263; and 1251 to 1265. In any event, the majority of historians agree that it was not completed until 1256 and did not take effect until sometime in the 14th century. Once the Partidas were enacted, they were applied throughout *Spain, and its territories, such as Louisiana, Florida, and Puerto Rico.

1. Full Date of Act	1266
2. Name of Act (or Short Description)	Papal bull “Agit Nec Immerito,” issued by Clement IV to James, King of Aragon
3. Geography of Act	Present-day Spain [Provisional]
4. Text of Act	““From now on, Jews shall not be admitted to any offices at all, and except for privileges granted to them by the Apostolic See, you are to proceed by restraining their wickedness, as well as their falsehoods and blasphemies.””
5. Source	Grayzel, Solomon. The Church and the Jews in the XIIIth Century, Volume II (1254-1315). The Jewish Theological Seminary of America: New York, 1989. Page 92.
6. Researcher	Dominik Jacobs
7. Year of Research	2019
8. Notes	None