Canons of the Council of Avignon [Present-day France]: “VI. Jews must wear a prominent sign on their garments. They may have no Christian wet nurses or maidservants, nor may they sell their meats to Christians. During Lent, they are not to consume meat publicly. They are to avoid processions. Disobedience will be punished by indirect excommunication.” [Researcher’s note: “Indirect excommunication” referred to the practice of cutting Jews off from any dealings with the Christian community, by way of threatening the Christians with excommunication for any contact with a Jew thus boycotted.]
Grayzel, Solomon. The Church and the Jews in the XIIIth Century, Volume II (1254-1315). The Jewish Theological Seminary of America: New York, 1989. Page 251. Researched by Dominik Jacobs 11/20/2019
Grayzel, Solomon. The Church and the Jews in the XIIIth Century, Volume II (1254-1315). The Jewish Theological Seminary of America: New York, 1989. Page 251. Researched by Dominik Jacobs 11/20/2019