Jun. 21, 1311

Canons issued by the Council of Ravenna [Present-day Italy]: “XXIII. Jewish men are to wear a round saffron badge on the breasts of their garments; women, the same, on their head [covering], and thus be distinguishable from Christians.”
Du Pin, Louis E. A new Ecclesiastical History, Containing an Account of the Controversies in Religion; the Lives and Writings of Ecclesiastical Authors; an Abridgment of their Works, and a Judgment on their Style and Doctrine: also A Compendious History of the Councils and All Affairs Transacted in the Church. Swalle & Childe: London, 1699. Vol. XII, Page 97. Researched by Dominik Jacobs 11/21/2019