Aug. 21, 1685

Decree, issued by Ernest Louis, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt [Present-day Germany]: “Protected Jews in Our lands, if they are lacking a synagogue at their place of residence, are permitted to worship in their private homes, as long as they can gather ten adult men, refrain from loud calling and yelling, and adhere to the following conditions. (1) They shall not use any house where a Christian lives, but only one inhabited by a Jew, and which is located far away from any church, school, manse or city hall. (2) They shall only pray quietly and behind closed doors. […] (4) Except for weddings, no more than fifteen persons shall congregate. (5) They shall not perform any ceremonies in the streets or out of their windows. (6) They shall not blow the horn [shofar] in the street, out of the window, or elsewhere in public. (7) They may not use anything in their gatherings but the scriptures of Moses and the prophets, and refrain from using Jewish writings and prayers which mention Christ in a defamatory manner.”
Günther, Carl Friedrich. Bilder aus der Hessischen Vorzeit (Images from Ancient Hessian History). Jonghans: Darmstadt, 1853. Page 92. Researched by Dominik Jacobs 8/20/2020