“Mandate” issued by Bishop Julius [Bishopric of Würzburg; Present-day Germany]: “[… because] the Jews mislead and deceive our subjects with the sale and lending of lame/damaged horses (‘Schadhaften’) […] the officers are to inquire about such debts […] and not to dispense justice to the Jews, but instead to arrest [them] without exception, to confiscate and to deem [all contracts] to be expired […] and not to allow the subjects to give the Jews anything. […]”
Die Juden in Franken. Ein unpartheiischer Beitrag zur Sitten- und Rechtsgeschichte Frankens von Dr. Ludwig Heffner, praktischer Arzt zu Würzburg, Konservater des historischen Vereins daselbst. Mit 29 Urkunden-Beilagen (Nürnberg; 1855); (Jews in Frankonia. An Non-Partisan Contribution Regarding the Moral and Legal History of Franconia by Dr. med. Ludwig Heffner, practical physician to Würzburg, Conservator of the Historical Association there (of the same city). With 29 [Official] Documents Attached.); (Nuremberg; 1855); Researched and Translated by Ziba Shadjaani 3/19/2018